【教案】高中英語（2019）人教版選擇性必修第三冊Unit 3 Learning About Language 學(xué)案

1、Unit 3 Learning About Language 學(xué)案【本課目標(biāo)】1.通過對課文的閱讀,在課文的具體情境中理解和掌握直接引語和間接引語的用法。2.通過本學(xué)案的歸納,鞏固直接引語和間接引語的用法,并學(xué)以致用。【自主學(xué)習(xí)】1.submitvt. & vi. (to give or offer something for a decision to be made by others)提交;呈遞;屈服(課本P28) According to the report submitted by researchers, between 20 and 25 percent of all

2、annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.根據(jù)研究人員提交的報告,每年的20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由熱帶森林的破壞造成的。(1)submit sth to sb 向某人提交某物submit to sb/sth/doing 順從,聽命于submit oneself to 甘受,服從(2)submission n. 提交,呈遞;順從,屈服【練一練】(1)Youd better submit your graduation thesis to school ahead of

3、the deadline in case of any change. 你最好在截止日期前向?qū)W校提交你的畢業(yè)論文,以防有任何變動。(2)We protested about the changes for a long time, but in the end we had to submit.我們對這些變動抗議了很長時間, 但最終不得不屈服。(3)She decided to resign from the club rather than submit herself to the new rules. 她決定從俱樂部辭職,而不是服從新的規(guī)定。(4)單句填空The teachers agr

4、eed to a special meeting, in (submit) to parents demands.  No country would submit to (control) by another country. It should be noted that papers (submit) late will not be accepted.  (5)完成句子Applicants should read the guidance notes carefully (在遞交申請前).  She is strong-willed perso

5、n (從不屈服于失敗的). 2.on behalf of代表(代替)某人(課本P29) Im doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正在代表學(xué)校做一個關(guān)于全球變暖的項目。(1)on behalf of sb=on sbs behalf代表(代替)某人(2)stand for代表,象征represent 代表,象征【練一練】(1)On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.我代表全公司對你的工作

6、表示感謝。(2)Smile is a kind of language that represents/stands for kindness, friendliness, courtesy and consideration.微笑是一種語言,它代表了友善、親切、禮貌和關(guān)懷。(3)一句多譯Being quick-minded and good at communicating, the young man was appointed to address the tough problem .(behalf) Being quick-minded and good at commun

7、icating, the young man was appointed to address the tough problem . (represent) 這個年輕人頭腦敏捷且善于溝通, 因此被派去代表公司解決那個棘手的問題。3.sensitiveadj. 敏感的;善解人意的;靈敏的(課本P29) Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic?為什么核能是一個敏感話題?(1)be sensitive to/about對敏感(2)sensible adj. 明智的;意識到的【練一練】(1)This is such a sensitive issue

8、that perhaps the press should not be told.這是個十分敏感的問題,恐怕不該讓新聞界得知。(2)He was very sensitive about his scar and thought everyone was staring at him.他對自己的傷疤很敏感, 以為每個人都在盯著他看。(3)It is a sensible choice to discuss this matter with your parents before you make a decision. 在你做決定之前和父母討論這件事是明智的選擇。(4)單句填空Althoug

9、h cats cannot see in complete darkness,their eyes are much (sensitive) to light than human eyes.  He (sensitive) avoided mentioning her ex-husbands new girlfriend. (5)完成句子The elderly need special care in winter, as.  在冬季老年人需要特別的關(guān)注,因為他們對天氣的突然變化很敏感?！菊Z法學(xué)習(xí)】Direct speech & indirect spe

10、ech(直接引語和間接引語)【探索概況】1.“I dont know the address of my new home,” said Anne.Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2.Mother said to Tom, “I will come back home this evening.”Mother told Tom that she would go back home that evening.3.“I have never been to Beijing with my parents,” sa

11、id Jack to his friend.Jack told his friend that he had never been to Beijing with his parents.4.“Does a friend always have to be a person?” Mary asked Lily.Mary asked Lily if/whether a friend always has to be a person.【用法歸納】直接引述別人的原話,叫直接引語;用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,叫間接引語。直接引語一般前后要加引號,間接引語不用加引號。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句。如:

12、John said, “I have worked out this maths problem.”約翰說:“我已經(jīng)解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。”(直接引語)John said that he had worked out that maths problem.約翰說他已經(jīng)解出了那道數(shù)學(xué)題。(間接引語)一、陳述句直接引語為陳述句時,間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(that在口語中常省略),主句的謂語動詞主要有say, tell, repeat, explain, think等。同時,從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等要做相應(yīng)的變化。其一般規(guī)則如下:1.時態(tài)的變化直接引語間接引語時

13、態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時不變一般將來時過去將來時注意 下列情況中,直接引語變間接引語時時態(tài)不變。(1)主句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時。如:“Li Ming does well in English,” says Ling Ling.Ling Ling says that Li Ming does well in English.(2)直接引語陳述的是客觀事實或真理。如:“The earth goes around the sun,” said our teacher.Our teacher said that the ea

14、rth goes around the sun.(3)直接引語中有明確的表示過去的時間狀語。如:“I was employed by the company in 1998,” the young man told me.The young man told me that he was employed by the company in 1998.2.指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化(1)thisthat 這個那個 如:She said, “I will come this morning.”She said that she would go that morning.(2)th

15、esethose 這些那些 如:He said, “These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.(3)nowthen 現(xiàn)在那時 如:He said, “It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then.(4)todaythat day 今天那天 如:He said, “I havent seen her today.”He said that he hadnt seen her that day.(5)yesterdaythe day before 昨天前一

16、天 如:She said, “I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.(6)tomorrowthe next/following day 明天第二天 如:She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.”She said that she would go there the next/following day.(7)herethere 這里那里(8)comego 來去注意 如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述,here不必改為there,動詞come不必改為go;如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述,yester

17、day, tomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變。3.人稱代詞的變化(1)“一隨主”:若直接引語中有第一人稱,變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句中主語的人稱相一致;(2)“二隨賓”:若直接引語中有第二人稱,變間接引語時應(yīng)與主句中賓語的人稱相一致;(3)“第三人稱不更新”:直接引語中的第三人稱變間接引語時不需要變化。如:John said, “Ill try my best to help you.”John said (that) he would try his best to help me.Mary said, “Jane is in the reading room now.”Mary said (t

18、hat) Jane was in the reading room then.二、疑問句直接引語是疑問句時,間接引語要用陳述語序,主句的謂語動詞常用ask,或改為wonder, do not know等。1.若直接引語是一般疑問句或反意疑問句,變間接引語時將直接引語變?yōu)橛蒳f或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如:“Are you good at English?” Mary asked.Mary asked if/whether I was good at English.“You have worked here for a long time, havent you?” he asked.H

19、e asked (me) if/whether I had worked there for a long time.2.若直接引語為特殊疑問句,變間接引語時則將直接引語變?yōu)橛商厥庖蓡栐~引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如:“Where are you from?” the boss asked me.The boss asked me where I was from.3.若直接引語是選擇疑問句,變間接引語時則將直接引語變?yōu)椤皐hetheror”引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如:“Do you want to go home or stay here?” she asked.She asked (me) whether I

20、 wanted to go home or stay there.三、祈使句1.引述表示命令的祈使句,常用tell, order轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Take down these paintings,” the teacher said to the student.(直接引語,主句謂語為said to)The teacher told the student to take down those paintings.(間接引語,tell sb to do sth)注意 直接引語中的稱呼語一般當(dāng)作賓語用。2.引述表示建議、勸告的祈使句,可用advise, suggest等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:The owner

21、 said to the workers, “Please take a rest.”(直接引語,主句謂語為said to)The owner advised the workers to take a rest.(間接引語,advise sb to do sth)3.引述表示請求的祈使句,常用ask, beg等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Dont let your dog bark during the night, please,” the neighbour said to him. (直接引語,主句謂語為said to)The neighbour asked him not to let his d

22、og bark during the night. (間接引語,ask sb to do sth)“Please forgive me,” she said to her father.(直接引語,主句謂語為said to)She begged her father to forgive her. (間接引語,beg sb to do sth)4.引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句,常用remind, warn等詞轉(zhuǎn)述。如:“Dont forget to mail the letter,” the wife said to her husband.(直接引語,主句謂語為said to)The wife

23、 reminded her husband not to forget to mail the letter.(間接引語,remind sb to do sth)歸納 祈使句的間接引語形式多采用“動詞+賓語+動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的引述動詞有ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。四、感嘆句這時,間接引語可以用what/how/that引導(dǎo)。如:They said, “How lovely the day is!”(直接引語為how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句)They said how lovely the day was.(間接引語變?yōu)閔ow引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

24、)They said that it was a lovely day.(間接引語變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)注意 有些感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)述要根據(jù)原句的意思采用適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~。如:“Happy New Year!” he said to me.He wished me a happy New Year.【練一練】 單句填空1.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light (travel) faster than sound.  2.Mary asked me I would go to the concert with her th

25、at evening.  3.He said they had insisted that she (start) immediately.  4.She said she (nurse) her father in the hospital since she came back.  5.He asked whether my son was going to Shanghai that day the next day.  6.Mr Wang told the children that he (leave) for Shanghai on busi

26、ness next month.  7.She said that she (write) a letter when he knocked at the door.  8.Tom told me that he would help me with my English next day.  9.She told me not (buy) any toys. She has too many baby toys.  10.She asked George he had anything interesting she could read.  

27、; 句型訓(xùn)練1.The doctor required that . (stay)  醫(yī)生要求她在家休息至少一周的時間。2.Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, . (leave)  琳達(dá)失望地說,她到達(dá)火車站時,火車已經(jīng)開走了。3.I observed that he was very pale and asked him . (matter)  我發(fā)現(xiàn)他臉色非常蒼白,問他哪里不舒服。4.He even before we finished our meal. (go)  沒等我們吃完飯,他就命令我們回去工作。5.The reporter asked the house prices. (measure)  記者問政府是否會采取必要的措施來控制房價。 語法填空I had just sat down to watch news when I heard a knock on the door. A young man at