外研版必修三第三單元

1、Module 3 The Violence of Nature要點一單詞1. experience n. U經(jīng)驗，體驗；C經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)歷的事；體會vt.經(jīng)歷，體驗；感受歸納拓展 have much teaching/working experience 教學(xué)/工作經(jīng)驗豐富learn by/from experience 從經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)experience in/of在方面有經(jīng)驗in one' s experience據(jù)某人經(jīng)驗看(2)experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗的，老練的be experienced in在方面老練/有經(jīng)驗例句：Mr Brown has thirty years &

2、#39; teaching/working experience.=Mr Brown has much experience in teaching/working.布朗先生有30年的教學(xué)/工作經(jīng)驗。During the war they experienced at first hand the horror of night bombing raids.在戰(zhàn)爭期間，他們親身體驗了夜間空襲的恐懼。He is very experienced in money matters.他是處理金融事務(wù)的老手?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】Human beings have five senses for the wor

3、ld around them.A.experimentB.experienceC.experimenting.experiencing【解析】experience the world "體驗世界"，是動賓關(guān)系，且置于介詞 for后，所以用動名 詞的主動形式。句意為：人類用五種感覺來體驗他們周圍的世界。experiment意為“做實驗，嘗試”，與題意不符?！敬鸢浮緿2. bury vt.埋葬，埋藏，用某物覆蓋；從記憶中除去，忘記歸納拓展bury sb.in/at sth將某人埋葬在bury sth.under/beneath sth各埋在下面bury one' s f

4、ace in hands 用手捂住臉bury oneself in work/studiesbe buried in work/studie訓(xùn)頭工作 /學(xué)習(xí)例句： The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks.登山者被埋在一堆巖石中。She buried her face in her hands and wept.她雙手掩面哭了起來。After the divorce,she buried herself in her work.離婚后她埋頭于工作?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】He his head under his pillow because of th

5、e noise from upstairs.But he stillcouldn' t asleep.A.buried ; go B.placed; went C.buried ; fall D.laid;go to【解析】句意為：由于樓上有噪音，他把頭埋在枕頭底下。但是，他仍舊不能入睡。burysth. under/beneath sth."將埋在下面“；fall asleep 是固定短語，"入睡”?！敬鸢浮緾3. occur vi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；(想法、念頭等)浮現(xiàn)，想起 歸納拓展(1) If anything should occur.如果發(fā)生什么事情的話It

6、occurred to sb. that.某人剛剛想至 Usth.occurs to sbS事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中；某人想到(2) occurrent adj.正在發(fā)生的，偶然發(fā)生的 occurrence n發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，事件，發(fā)生的事情 例句：It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe. 我突然想到要到歐洲旅游。An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning. 今天早晨起床時，我突然想到一個絕妙的主意。I suppose it never occurred to you

7、to phone the police? 我想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧？【鏈接訓(xùn)練】一Why are you so late ?-I was in half the way when it to me that I had left my notebook home , so I had tofetch it.A.occurred B.hit C.happened D.reminded【解析】It occurred to sb.that.意為“某人突然想起”。后半句句意為：我在半路突然想起我把筆記本忘在家里了，所以只好回去取?！敬鸢浮緼 用 happen, occur, take pla

8、ce 完成句子 How did the accident happen? Just as I was leaving the house it occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys. It so happened that I had no money with me. Great changes have taken place in China in the last 20 years.4. strike(struck;struck/stricken) vt.打；(災(zāi)難、暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊；侵襲；使突然發(fā)生；到達(dá) vt.&vi.碰上，碰

9、撞；突然想到vt.給以印象；打動某人的心(常用被動結(jié)構(gòu))；感動vt.(鐘)敲響；劃(火柴)n.罷工 歸納拓展(1) strike sb.+in/on+the+身體部位打某人某處 be struck by/on/with.被打動，迷戀(2) be on strike在罷工 go on strike舉行罷工例句： Many people didn ' t have any preparation in their minds when the earthquake struck the city.當(dāng)?shù)卣鹨u擊城市時，很多人根本沒有思想準(zhǔn)備。The visitors were struck b

10、y the beauty of the country.游客們被鄉(xiāng)村的美麗打動了°The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village.當(dāng)我到達(dá)村莊時，教堂的鐘敲了 11下。A snowball struck him on the head.一個雪球打在他的頭上。A good idea struck the manager.經(jīng)理忽然想到了 一個好主意。Within half an hour,all the drivers were out on strike.半個小時內(nèi)，所有的司機都出去罷工了。 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】I washe

11、d it in hot water.It never to me to check the label.A.struckB.happenedC.occurredD.realized【解析】句意為：我用熱水把它洗了，根本沒想到去看一下標(biāo)簽。It never occurred to methat. “我沒有想到”，符合題意?！敬鸢浮緾5. ruin vt.毀壞，使破產(chǎn)n.毀壞，毀滅;破產(chǎn)，垮臺；(pl.)廢墟;遺跡歸納拓展(1) ruin oneself毀掉自己(2) in ruins成為廢墟be the ruin of成為毀滅/墮落的原因bring.to ruin使毀滅；使沒落go to/fal

12、l to/come to ruin毀滅，滅亡；崩潰；破壞掉例句： He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth.他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄臟了。Alcohol and drugs almost ruined his career.酒精和毒品幾乎毀掉了他的事業(yè)。Whole blocks of the city were in ruins after war.戰(zhàn)后這座城市所有的街區(qū)成為一片廢墟?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】The houses across the street are, but they were in good conditi

13、on a few years ago. A.in rowsB.in ruinsC.in numberD.in detail【解析】in rows意為“成行，成排"；in ruins意為“毀壞，破敗不堪"；in number意為“總 共"；in detail意為“詳細(xì)地”。只有B項符合句意?！敬鸢浮緽【鏈接訓(xùn)練】用 damage,destroy 與 ruin 填空 I damaged my shoes in football practice today. The building was completely destroyed by fire. She pour

14、ed some ink all over my new drawing andruined it.要點二 短語1. pick up拾起，拿起；（無意中）學(xué)會、獲得信息；收聽，收到；收拾，整理；（車輛等）中途搭人，中途載貨；取物；加速歸納拓展pick at 一點兒一點兒地吃pick on選擇；針對；挑中（某人）（作挨罵或受罰對象）pick out選出； 認(rèn)出pick off摘去，去除例句： Let' s pick up the room before the meeting starts at two o ' clock.讓我們在兩點鐘開會前把這房間整理好。The women p

15、icked up the babies in the nursery on their way home from the factory.婦女們在從工廠回家的路上到托兒所接回她們的孩子。You are great to have picked up French when you were in France.你居然在法國時自己學(xué)會了法語，真了不起。I pick up BBC English every day.我每天收聽“英國 BBC”廣播。The conductor urged the band to pick it up.樂隊指揮要求樂隊加快演奏的速度?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 I a flu w

16、hen I was on a spring outing with my classmates.A.caught upB.picked upC.took upD.brought up【解析】考查動詞短語。catch up意為“追趕，趕上“；pick up意為“撿起，獲得，學(xué)會，染上"；take up意為“拿起，從事，占據(jù)" ；bring up意為“培養(yǎng)，提出”。根據(jù)句意“和我 的同班同學(xué)春游的時候，我染上了流感”可知選 Bo【答案】B She Japanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely.A.picke

17、d outB.made outC.made upD.picked up【解析】pick up此處意為“（無意中）學(xué)會”。句意為：她在日本時偶然學(xué)會了日語?，F(xiàn)在 她說得很流利?！敬鸢浮緿2. end up in以結(jié)束，以告終歸納拓展（1） end （up） in failure/victory/a draw以失敗/勝利/平局結(jié)束（強調(diào)在某種結(jié)果中結(jié)束，用 in）end （up） with good wishes美好的祝愿結(jié)尾（end up with多指以某種方式結(jié)束）end up結(jié)果為，以結(jié)束(尤指意料之外)（2） on end豎立，筆直地，連續(xù)地come to an end至U頭了，結(jié)束了pu

18、t/bring.to an end 使終止from beginning to end從頭到尾，自始至終例句： He' ll end up in prison if he ' s not careful.如果他不小心，最后會銀鐺入獄的。The film ended up with the heroine dying.在電影結(jié)束時，女主角去世了。The meeting came to an end.會議結(jié)束了。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】On Christmas eve, the English evening singing the song “ The UnforgettableTonight

19、".A.came upB.drew upC.ran upD.ended up【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。 come up "走近，被提出，被提及“ ；draw up "起草；擬定； 停止"；run up “積欠賬款、債務(wù)，累計” ；end up "以結(jié)束”。句意為：在平安夜，英 語晚會以一首難忘的夜晚歌曲結(jié)束。根據(jù)題意可知答案為D項。【答案】D3. in all總共，總計歸納拓展above all首先，最重要的是after all畢竟，終究at all在肯定句、疑問句中意為“竟然，終于” ；在否定句中意為“一點兒也不，根本不”；在if引導(dǎo)的條件句

20、中，意為“既然”。first of all首先，最先例句： You have four apples and I have three bananas,making seven pieces of fruit in all.你有4個蘋果，我有3個香蕉，總共有7個水果。He doesn' t go to see his father often, after all,he is very busy with his work.他不常去看他的父親，畢竟他是忙于工作。Well,first of all we can ' t possibly spare the time.你看，最主要

21、的是我們實在抽不出時間。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 There were more than two hundred people at his wedding ceremony.A.after allB.in allC.at allD.above all【解析】in all "總共"；after all "畢竟"；at all "竟然，終于；根本不"；above all "最重要 的是”。句意為：總共有 200多人出席他的結(jié)婚典禮?！敬鸢浮緽(2) Although he had to spend lots of money for g

22、oing to the ball,he accepted the invitation.the ball was important to him.A.After allB.In allC.First of allD.Above all【解析】句意為：盡管去參加這個舞會要花很多錢，他還是接受了邀請。畢竟，這個舞會對他來說很重要。after all "畢竟，終究”，符合題意。in all “總共，總計" ；first of all "首 先"；above all "最重要的是”。【答案】A要點三 句型1. On average,there are

23、 800 tornadoes in the US each year,causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.美國每年平均會發(fā)生800多次龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80多人死亡，1 500人受傷。 歸納拓展(1)句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示結(jié)果。(2)分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。邏輯主語與分詞是主動關(guān)系時，用現(xiàn)在分詞；是被動關(guān)系時，用過去分詞。(3)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，還可以表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨等。例句： He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后將門隨手關(guān)上。He died,leaving

24、his wife with five children.他死了，留下他妻子和五個孩子?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,in the natural light during the day.A.to letB.lettingC.letD.having let【解析】句意為：在入口處，玻璃門已取代了木門，這樣白天自然光便可照射進(jìn)來。A項tolet動詞不定式作目的狀語時，其前不用逗號與主句隔開；作結(jié)果狀語常以only to do形式出 現(xiàn)；C項let為動詞原形，不能用作狀語

25、；D項having let為分詞的完成時態(tài)，表示動作在主 句動詞所表達(dá)的動作之前已完成，不合題意；B項letting現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，符合題意， 故選Bo【答案】B The direct flight has proved successful,Taiwan another tourist destination for people on the mainland.A.madeB.makingC.makeD.makes【解析】考查非謂語動詞用法。making作結(jié)果狀語，相當(dāng)于 which makes.。句意為：直達(dá)航班證明是非常成功的，這使得臺灣成了大陸人們旅游的又一目的地?！敬鸢浮緽2.

26、 Montserrat is a beautiful small island in the Caribbean,only 16 kilometres long and 10 kilometres wide.蒙塞拉特島是加勒比海上的一個美麗的小島，僅長 16千米，寬10千米。歸納拓展表示“長、寬、深、高、厚、年齡”等的句型：(1)主語+be+數(shù)詞 + 單位詞復(fù)數(shù) + 形容詞(如 long/wide/high/taH/thick/deep/old 等)(2)主語+be+數(shù)詞 + 單位詞復(fù)數(shù) +in+名詞(如 length/width/height/depth/age 等)3. ) This is

27、 a+數(shù)詞+單位詞單數(shù)+形容詞+名詞例句： The bridge is 200 metres long.=The bridge is 200 metres in length.這座橋長200米。This is a 200 metre long bridge.這是一個長200米的橋。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The two boys are both 1.80 metres height,but they are not the same age.A.in;ofB.of;inC.of;ofD.in;in【解析】空一考查“主語 +be+數(shù)t+單位詞復(fù)數(shù)+in+名詞”；空二考查“ be+of+名詞”，兩者 都用來

28、描述人或事物的特征?！敬鸢浮緼要點四 語法1 .過去完成時和過去完成時的被動語態(tài)過去完成時由“助動詞had+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。用法如下：表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的動作。它表示這個動作發(fā)生的時間是“過 去的過去“；這一過去時間可用by,at,before等構(gòu)成的短語或 when,after,until等弓I導(dǎo)的從句或 通過上下文來表示。例句： By the time he was twelve,Edison had begun to make a living by himself.到了 12歲時，愛迪生已經(jīng)開始自己謀生了。表示從過去某一時間開始，延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作。這個動作可

29、能還要延續(xù)下去。常 和for或since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。例句： He had lived in New York for ten years before he moved to Boston.他搬到波士頓之前在紐約住了十年。用于表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件從句。例句：If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.如果他昨天看見你，他就會問這件事了。用在間接引語或賓語從句中。放在像said,told,thought,wondered等動詞過去時的后面，表示在這些動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行 為。例句： M

30、y friend told me that he had passed the exam.我的朋友告訴我他已經(jīng)通過了考試。用在“It was the first/second time that.”句型中。此句型中主句用一般過去時，that引導(dǎo)的從句用過去完成時。例句：It was the first time (that) we had spoken together.這是我們第一次在一起說話。(2)過去完成時的被動式表示動作在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已完成，且謂語動詞與發(fā)出這一動作的主語存在被動關(guān)系。句中常用by, before, until, when等詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+

31、 had been done成他”。與by+過去時間搭配的被動語態(tài)用過去完成時。例句： By the time he got to the school , the first period had been finished.當(dāng)他趕到學(xué)校的時候，第一節(jié)課已經(jīng)上完了。在say, report, ask等動詞之后的賓語從句中，若表示過去某一被動動作時，用過去完成 時。例句： The media reported more than 1, 000 people had been killed in the hurricane.媒體報道說有一千多人在颶風(fēng)中喪生。根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態(tài)，

32、用過去完成時。例句： As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.因為作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成，他上網(wǎng)查閱一些資料。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 It was reported that Mr Smith by the police for driving his car while drunk.A.killedB.had been shotC.caughtD.had been caught【解析】句意為：據(jù)報道，史密斯先生由于醉酒時開車，被警察逮捕了。catch發(fā)生在reported之前，故應(yīng)用過去完成時。B項與語意不符。【答案】

33、D I was shocked to hear that your house into.A.was brokenB.brokeC.had been brokenD.have been broken【解析】首先 break這個動作發(fā)生在 was shocked之前，即過去白過去；又 house與breakinto之間存在被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，答案為 Co【答案】C His earlier concert in Shanghai a big success.It was the first time the Taiwansinger a concert on the mainl

34、and.A.is;heldB.was;heldC.had been;would holdD.was;had held【解析】句意為：他在上海舉辦的較早的音樂會取得了巨大的成功。這是臺灣歌手第一次 在大陸舉辦音樂會。由 earlier可知his concert是在過去舉辦的，故使用一般過去時。在“It/This+is/was+the+序數(shù)詞+time”引導(dǎo)的從句中常使用完成時態(tài)，由was可確定從句中謂語動詞使用過去完成時，故答案為D?！敬鸢浮緿 The play on for quite some time when we arrived at the New Theatre.A.had already beenB.has already beenC.wasD.would be【解析】句意為：當(dāng)我們到達(dá)新劇院時，那個戲劇已開演了一段時間了。由句意可知be on發(fā)生在過去的動作 arrived之前，故應(yīng)用過去完成時，答案為 A?！敬鸢浮緼2 .間接