B Unit知識點梳理

1、七年級第二學(xué)期牛津英語知識點梳理Unit 3 A visit to Garden City知識點梳理：I 詞組：1. a visit to Garden City 花園城之行2. visit the Li family 拜訪李家人3. teach maths 教數(shù)學(xué)4. since 1997 自從1997年以來5. quite a few 相當(dāng)多，不少6. for several years 持續(xù)好幾年了7. catch thieves 抓小偷8. help keep the city safe 幫助保護城市安全9. draw plans of buildings 繪制建筑藍圖10. desi

2、gn machines 設(shè)計機器11. cook food 烹飪食物12. bring food (to people) 端菜13. grow vegetables 種蔬菜14. type letters 打字15. answer the phone 接聽電話16. deliver letters 遞送信件17. train someone in sport 在體育方面訓(xùn)練某人18. drive a bus 駕駛公共汽車19. be in charge of a school 負責(zé)管理一所學(xué)校20. in fields 在農(nóng)田里21. be used for doing sth. 被用做干某事

3、22. tell the time 報時23. key ring 鑰匙圈24. hold the keys 掛鑰匙25. take the cable car 乘纜車26. carry people up the hill 運載人們上山27. the top of a hill 山頂28. have a good time 過得愉快II. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：1. teach (v.) 教, 講授, 訓(xùn)練 àteacher (n.) 教師 Her mother is a teacher and she teaches English. (teach)2. safe (adj.) 安全的, 可靠

4、的 àsafely (adv.) 安全地, 確實地 àsave (v.) 挽救,節(jié)約 àsafety (n.) 安全, We cannot live without water. Please save every drop of water. They arrived in Shanghai safely last night. Here are some safety rules. 3. use (v./n.) 使用, 應(yīng)用 àuseful (adj.) 有用的 In the past, people used fire to cook food.

5、Now, we can use fire to do a lot of things. Fire is very useful in many ways.4. farm (n.) 農(nóng)場, 農(nóng)莊 àfarmer (n.) 農(nóng)場主; 農(nóng)夫His father is a farmer and he works hard on his farm.5. wait (v.) 等待 àwaiter (n.) (男)服務(wù)員àwaitress (n.) (女)服務(wù)員 The restaurant is very popular, so lots of people are wait

6、ing for their dishes. The waiters and the waitresses are busing with their work.6. engine n. 引擎，發(fā)動機 àengineer n. 工程師 A fireman always drives a fire engine. His father is an engineer.III. 語言點/句型：1. A watch is used for telling the time.Ø be used for + doing sth. 意為“被用來做”Ø 同時此句還可寫成：We us

7、e a watch to tell the time.e.g. Water can be used for putting out fires = We can use water to put out fires. 請記住以下句型：主語(人) use sth. to do 相當(dāng)于 主語(人) use sth. for doing 用某物做某事 sth. be used to do 相當(dāng)于 sth. be used for doing 某物被用來做某事IV. 語法The present perfect tense現(xiàn)在完成時A.概念及用法：1.表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常用詞：a

8、lready、yet、just、ever2.表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。 此用法中要求動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。常用詞：since（連接時間的一點） for（連接時間的一段）B.結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +動詞的過去分詞(不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞要專門記憶。教材P102)a) 肯定句: They have already come to Garden City to visit the Li family.b) 否定句: They havent come to Garden City to visit the Li family yet .c) 疑問句: Have they

9、 come to Garden City to visit the Li family yet?Yes, they have./ No, they havent.C. have/has gone to 和 have/has been to的區(qū)別：have/has gone to 某人去了某地（主語不在出發(fā)地） have/has been to 某人去過某地（主語不在目的地）e.g. He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。 He has been to Beijing three times. 他去過北京三次了。D. have/has been to 和 have/has

10、been in 的區(qū)別： have/has been to強調(diào)動作的過程 have/has been in強調(diào)動作的狀態(tài)（通常與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用）e.g. They have been to Europe once. They have been in Europe for 10 years.E. already and yet already 用于現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句中，表示已經(jīng)，可置于句中或句尾; yet 用于否定句或疑問句中，常用于句末。e.g. I have already finished my homework. Have you finished your homewor

11、k yet? No, not yet./ No, I havent finished my homework yet.F. ever and never ever 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時, 意為 at any time，常用于疑問句中，且可用于含有最高級的句子； never 常用于現(xiàn)在完成時，意為not at any time,可用于含有比較級的句子e.g. Have you ever visited London? Yes, I have./ No, Ive never visited it.G. since and for在現(xiàn)在完成時中經(jīng)常用since和for連接時間狀語, since所指的是一

12、個時間點，for所指的是一段時間。該用法強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，因此句中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。a) since+時間的一點：since作介詞+時間點 (since 1997)since作連詞, 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句中動詞需用一般過去時。e.g. She has been a teacher since 1997.I havent heard from her since she lived there.b) for+一段時間 ：e.g. She has been a teacher for quite a few years. c) He has learned Chinese for 7 years. / He has learned Chinese since 7 years ago.對for 及since 連接的時間狀語提問均用how long How long has he learned Chinese?d) 短暫性動詞不可出現(xiàn)在含有since/ for的現(xiàn)在完成時。如需使用，則要轉(zhuǎn)換為表示延續(xù)性狀態(tài)的動詞。e.g. My father has become an engineer for 5 yea