2020考研英語(yǔ)閱讀沖刺模擬及答案(1)

1、乘風(fēng)破浪揚(yáng)帆啟航只為一次考上研！2020 考研英語(yǔ)閱讀沖刺模擬及答案(1)臨近考試很多同學(xué)都開(kāi)始了緊張有序的考研試題刷題和學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)，如何能夠更好地做好英語(yǔ)閱讀呢?今天啟航小編整理了有關(guān)2020 考研英語(yǔ)閱讀沖刺模擬及答案(1) 的內(nèi)容，希望能給備戰(zhàn)2020 考研考生提供幫助。Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants.

2、 In his reinterpretation,migration becomes the organizing principle for rewriting the history of preindustrial North America. His approach rests on four separate propositions.The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England moved regularly about their countryside migrating to the Ne

3、w World was simply a natural spillover. Although at first the colonies held little positive attraction for the English &mdash they would rather have stayed home &mdash by the eighteenth century people increasingly migrated to America because they regarded it as the land of opportunity. Secon

4、dly,Bailyn holds that,contrary to the notion that used to flourish in America history textbooks,there was never a typical New World community. For example,the economic and demographic character of early New England towns varied considerably.Bailyn's third proposition suggest two general patterns

5、 prevailing among the many thousands of migrants:one group came as indentured servants,another came to acquire land. Surprisingly,Bailyn suggests that those who recruited indentured servants were the driving forces of transatlantic migration. These colonial乘風(fēng)破浪揚(yáng)帆啟航只為一次考上研！entrepreneurs helped determ

6、ine the social character of people who came to preindustrial North America. At first,thousands of unskilled laborers were recruited by the 1730's,however,American employers demanded skilled artisans.Finally,Bailyn argues that the colonies were a half-civilized hinterland of the European culture

7、system. He is undoubtedly correct to insist that the colonies were part of an Anglo-American empire. But to divide the empire into English core and colonial periphery,as Bailyn does,devalues the achievements of colonial culture. It is true,as Bailyn claims,that high culture in the colonies never mat

8、ched that in England. But what of seventeenth-century New England,where the settlers created effective laws,built a distinguished university,and published books? Bailyn might respond that New England was exceptional. However,the ideas and institutions developed by New England Puritans had powerful e

9、ffects on North American culture.Although Bailyn goes on to apply his approach to some thousands of indentured servants who migrated just prior to the revolution,he fails to link their experience with the political development of the United States. Evidence presented in his work suggests how we migh

10、t make such a connection. These indentured servants were treated as slaves for the period during which they had sold their time to American employers. It is not surprising that as soon as they served their time they passed up good wages in the cities and headed west to ensure their personal independ

11、ence by acquiring land. Thus, it is in the west that a peculiarly Americanpolitical culture began,among colonists who were suspicious of authority and intensely anti-aristocratic.Which of the following statements about migrants to colonial North America is supported by information in the text?A A la

12、rger percentage of migrants to colonial North America came as indentured servants than as free agents interested in acquiring land.B Migrants who came to the colonies as indentured servants were more successful at making a livelihood than were farmers and artisans.C Migrants to colonial North Americ

13、a were more successful at acquiring their own land during the eighteenth century than during the seventeenth century.D By the 1730's,migrants already skilled in a trade were in more demand by American employers than were unskilled laborers.The author of the text states that Bailyn failed toA giv

14、e sufficient emphasis to the cultural and political interdependence of the colonies and England.B describe carefully how migrants of different ethnic backgrounds preserved their culture in the United States.C take advantage of social research on the experiences of colonists who migrated to colonial

15、North America specifically to acquire land.D relate the experience of the migrants to the political values that eventually shaped the character of the United States.Which of the following best summarizes the author's evaluation of Bailyn's fourth proposition?A It is totally implausible.B It

16、is partially acceptable.C It is highly admirable.D It is controversial though persuasive.According to the text,Bailyn and the author agree on which of the following statements about the culture of colonial New England?A High culture in New England never equaled the high culture of England.B The cult

17、ural achievements of colonial New England have generally been unrecognized by historians.C The colonists imitated the high culture of England， and did not develop aculture that was uniquely their own.D The southern colonies were greatly influenced by the high culture of NewEngland.The author of the

18、text would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about Bailyn's work?A Bailyn underestimates the effects of Puritan thought on North American culture.B Bailyn overemphasizes the economic dependence of the colonies on GreatBritain.C Bailyn's description of the colonie

19、s as part of an Anglo-American empire is misleading and incorrect.D Bailyn failed to test his propositions on a specific group of migrants to colonial North America.答案與考點(diǎn)解析答案D考點(diǎn)解析這是一道審題定位題。題干中的“migrants ”一詞暗示本題的答案信息在第一段或第三段，因?yàn)檫@兩段的首句都含有“migrants ”一詞。又根據(jù)題干中的“ supported ” 一詞， 我們可以推斷出本題的答案信息來(lái)源應(yīng)該在原文的第三段，

20、因?yàn)樽髡邞?yīng)該在第三段提出相應(yīng)證據(jù)來(lái) “支持” (supported) 自己的觀點(diǎn)。過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀和理解第三段，尤其是第三段的尾句，我們可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是D. 考生在解題時(shí)一定要有審題定位的能力，更要具備善于理解原文中啟承轉(zhuǎn)合所傳達(dá)的含義。答案D考點(diǎn)解析這是一道細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干中的“failed ”一詞暗示本題的答案信息應(yīng)該在尾段，因?yàn)槲捕沃泻小癴ails ”一詞。根據(jù)閱讀和理解首段尾句，我們可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)是D. 考生在解題時(shí)一定要善于理解原文中所傳達(dá)的中心含義。答案B考點(diǎn)解析本題是一道歸納推導(dǎo)題。本題題干中的“Bailyn s fourth proposition將本題的答

21、案信息來(lái)源確定在原文的第四段。過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀和理解本段的每一句話，尤其是第二、三句話和四、五句話，我們可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是B.考生在解題時(shí)一定要善于歸納和推導(dǎo)原文的內(nèi)容，更要善于體會(huì)上下句之間的語(yǔ)意關(guān)系?？键c(diǎn)解析這是一道細(xì)節(jié)推導(dǎo)題。題干中的“culture ”一詞暗示本題的答案信息來(lái)源在第四段，因?yàn)榈谒亩问拙浒癱ulture ”一詞。過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀和理解第四段的每一句話，尤其是第四句，我們可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是A. 考生在解題時(shí)一定要注意原文中重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的含義，以及重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)在選項(xiàng)中的替換形式。答案A考點(diǎn)解析這是一道審題定位題。題干并沒(méi)有明確指出本題答案信息在原文中的準(zhǔn)確位置。

22、 在這種情況下，考生一定要抓住全文的中心主旨，以及每段的重要句。本題的答案信息來(lái)源在第四段的尾句，這是一個(gè)由轉(zhuǎn)折詞“however ”引導(dǎo)的句子。過(guò)仔細(xì)閱讀理解本句，我們可以推導(dǎo)出本題的正確選項(xiàng)是A. 考生在解題時(shí)一定要重視原文中表達(dá)啟承轉(zhuǎn)合的詞語(yǔ)，因?yàn)檫@往往是出題的重點(diǎn)。參考譯文Bernard Bailyn 最近過(guò)運(yùn)用關(guān)于歐洲移民經(jīng)歷的新的社會(huì)研究成果重新解釋了美國(guó)的早期歷史。在他的重新解釋中，遷徙成了重寫北美前工業(yè)化歷史的重要依據(jù)。其主張可分為四個(gè)獨(dú)立的觀點(diǎn)。第一點(diǎn)斷言，近代早期的英國(guó)居民經(jīng)常在鄉(xiāng)下流動(dòng)，因此后來(lái)他們遷移到新大陸僅僅是一種“自然外流”。雖然最初時(shí)殖民地對(duì)英國(guó)人沒(méi)有多少正面的誘惑力 &a