虛擬語氣 (2)

1、虛擬語氣的用法及專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題虛擬語氣表示一種假設(shè)的情況，或一種主觀的愿望，即動詞所表示的動作或狀態(tài)并非事實(shí)，或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。英語虛擬語氣的形式有下列幾種：一、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句If1.動詞過去式(或were)2.助動詞（過去式+動詞原形ShouldWould +動詞原形Could mightIf had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.二.與將來事實(shí)相反連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句If1

2、. should+動詞原形2. 動詞過去式3、were to+動詞原形ShouldWould +動詞原形couldmightIf you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.三、與過去事實(shí)相反連接詞條件從句結(jié)果從句Ifhad+過去分詞ShouldWould + have+過去分詞CouldmightIf Id dnown that it was g

3、oing to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虛擬語氣的幾種特殊用法省掉if的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,)2.有時虛擬條件不用條件從句而用不定式、分詞、介詞、名詞、連接詞或定語從句來表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing.(=If he were a true friend, he.) (=If there were no water,) (=If

4、 you hadnt helped me,)3. 有時條件從句中的動作和結(jié)果從句中的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，如：If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home.五、虛擬語氣的其他用法1、Suggest, advise 等動詞之后賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：suggest, advise, recommend, demand, require, insist, urge, request, order, +that(sh

5、ould )+動詞原形devide, ask, move, propose等注意：在此結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略；should省不省均可。He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.上述動詞的名詞形式出現(xiàn)時，that 引導(dǎo)的從句仍用虛擬語氣。He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.如果that 引導(dǎo)的從句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是事實(shí)，也可用陳述語氣。He insists that he is right.2、It is (was )+necessary, a pity 等+that引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬

6、語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下： imperative, advisable, 動詞完成式It is (was) + important,natural, necessary, +that(should) +essential, strange,等 動詞原形 It is important that you (should) follow the doctors orders.It is right that you should have done your homework.3、wish的用法動詞過去式或were與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反主語+wish(that)+主語 + 動詞過去完成式與過去事實(shí)相反助動詞過

7、去試+動詞原形與將來事實(shí)相反I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer.)I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish theyd let us get some sleep.注意：wish與hope接賓語從句的區(qū)別在于：hope表示一般可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，賓語從句用陳述語氣。wish表示很難或不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望,賓語從句用虛擬語氣。試比較：（1） We hope they will come,(We dont

8、 know if they can come.)（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣，如： He acts as if nothing had happened. I would rather you didnt tell him.5、Its (high) time that+動詞過去式或should+動詞原形，如：Its time (that) you had a hair cut. Its high ti

9、me (that) we took some action. 虛擬語氣專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題(1). If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster. A. be B. was C. were D. am(2). I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they speak wish French accents. A. dont B. will not C. mustnt D. wouldnt (3) today, would we be able to get

10、there by Tuesday? A. Were we leaving B. If we leave C. Would we leave D. Were we to leave(4). If Jone tomorrow, what would you do? A. were not to come B. will not come C. would not come D. had not come(5). “She didnt ask me, so I didnt help her?”“You mean to say , you wouldve helped her ?”A. if she

11、asked you B. if she were to ask youC.had she asked you C. were she to ask you(6). They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them . A. might have died B. might die C. would die D. could die(7). If they had known him, to him? A. would they have talked B. would they talk C.had t

12、hey talked D. they would talk(8). If I lived in the city, I traveal in croweded buses, but I to see lots of films. A. shall have to/shall be able B. shall have to/am able C. would have to/were able D. would have to/would be able(9). I would have gone to the concert, if I time. A. had had B. have had

13、 C. had D. would have had(10). I know it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having(11). your help, I would not have succeeded. A. Because B. Because of C. But D. But for(12). “What did Mr Smith say about his career?”“Only that if he a millionaire, he would have fewer worries.” A. did no

14、t become B. had not become C. does not become D. has not become(13). “Why didnt you help him?”“I would have I didnt have the money.” A. still B. but C. otherwise D. or(14). “Who should go to see Li Ying? He is ill today.” “I suggest Wang Hong .”A. goes B. would go C. go D. went(15). The housemaster

15、was strict. He requested that we television on week nights.A. not watch B. must not to watch C. not be watching D. have not watch(16). I cant speak Japanese, but I do wish I . A. can B. could C. had D. speak(17). “Are you enjoying your stay here?“Yes, very much. I wish I have to leave so soon.”A. wo

16、nt B. dont C. mustnt D. didnt(18). “What will you do during the summer holidays?”“I dont know, but its about time on something.” A. Im deciding B. Ill decide C. I decided D. Id decided(19). Id rather you anything about it for the time being. A. say B. didnt say C. dont say D. not say(20). “Why do yo

17、u have to be there at six?” “The teacher demands that everyone in his seat at six.” A. would be B. can be C. be D. will be(21). He makes a note of the assignment lest he it. A. forgets B. forget C. will forget D. will not forget(22). “how does the librarian act?”“He acts as if he a walking dictionar

18、y.”A. were B. be C. is D. has been(23). There is a law that drunken drivers severely punished. A. were B. are C. be D. will be(24). I wish you interrupt when Im talking on the phone. A. will not B. would not C. do not D. did not(25). Henry talks to his dog as if it him.A. understands B. understood C

19、. understand D. would understand(26). Jeff looked as if he a ghost. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see(27). Give her my best regards, . A. should you see her today B. if you saw her today C. if you would see her today D. should you have seen her today(28). There was a suggestion by the teachers that the meeting postponed for a week. A. had been B. would be C. was D. should be(29). It is highly desirable that every effort to reduce pollution in Bei jing. A. was made B. be made C. will be made D. would be made(30). The