5種基本句型專題復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

1、專題復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案（一）內(nèi)容基本句型和句子成分的復(fù)習(xí)課型語法專題復(fù)習(xí)執(zhí)筆李家麗，周永恩復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)一、 觀察句子的結(jié)構(gòu)二、 五種基本句型和五種句子成分的掌握1認(rèn)識(shí)基本句型和句子成分2了解基本句型和句子成分的用法3 專題練習(xí)（翻譯，改錯(cuò)，擴(kuò)寫）三、拓展練習(xí)寫作第一關(guān)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分：(一)指出下列劃線部分在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分。A. 主語 B. 動(dòng)詞 C. 賓語 D. 補(bǔ)足語 E. 狀語(1) ( ) I can speak English.(2) ( ) The museum is near our school.(3) ( ) He is playing the piano now.(4) ( )Mar

2、y bought a book yesterday.(5) ( )Everybody should try to make Guangzhou a beautiful city. (二) 請(qǐng)寫出下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分：(1) The game was invented.(S 主語 + V 謂語)(2) We all want to be a big star. （ ）(3) My favourite sport is basketball.（ ）(4) Watching the games can help me learn English.（ ）(5) Our experts can give

3、 you advice.（ ）同學(xué)們,你們了解句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)嗎?(三)下面我們一起來試試翻譯下面的句子吧 !類別構(gòu)成例句1主語+_（S+_）太陽升起來。The sun _.2主語+及物動(dòng)詞+_（S+Vt+_）女孩子摘了一朵花。The girl _ a flower.3主語+及物動(dòng)詞+_賓語+_賓語。（S+Vt+_+_）他給我看他的圣誕節(jié)禮物。He _ me his _.4主語+_+賓語+_（S+_+C+_）我們必須保持教室整潔。We must keep the classroom _.5主語+連系動(dòng)詞+主語_/表語（S+V+_）這故事聽起來很有趣。This story sounds very

4、_.在這里，我們總結(jié)一下：1. 英語句子的句子成分常用的有5個(gè)，即主語(subject)、_ (Verb)、_ (Object)、補(bǔ)足語(Complement)、狀語(Adverbial)。2. 簡(jiǎn)單句的5個(gè)基本句型分別是：S+_；S+V+_；S+V+_+_；S+V+O+_；S+V+_。 順利過關(guān)，讓我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)吧！ 第二關(guān)：練一練(一)用簡(jiǎn)單句翻譯句子。主語+不及物動(dòng)詞（S+V）1. 車停下來了。_.2. 我每天早上6點(diǎn)起床。_.ii主語+連系動(dòng)詞+ 表語（S+V+SC/P）1. 我爸爸是一位醫(yī)生。_.2. 他今天看起來很累。_.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語（ S+V+ O）1.我喜歡英語。_.2.

5、他沒有完成他大作業(yè)。_.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語（S+V+IO+DO）1. 我為媽媽做了一個(gè)生日蛋糕。_.2. 我給表哥買了一只新手表。_.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)( S +V+0+0C)1. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。_.2. 他經(jīng)常讓我們很快樂。_.(二)好,下面讓我們一起來找出下面句子中的錯(cuò)誤,并改正一下吧。1. Are you get healthy?2. Are you feel well?3. Do you get healthy? 4. Do you OK? 5. We are stay at home. 6. Do you still have to go to school? 7.

6、Often washing your hands. 8. Eat more vegetables makes you healthier.9. Eating more vegetables. 10. There is a lot of people. 11. You should be stay at home.12. Some advice should be given to the students. 13. Do you healthy now? 14. Not to go there. 15. Often wash your hands clean your home. 有沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)上

7、面的句子很熟悉呢?這可是上學(xué)期末考試的典型錯(cuò)誤句子哦！ 你現(xiàn)在掌握寫英語句子的正確方法了嗎?第三關(guān): 試一試（一） 根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示要求和中文提示擴(kuò)寫句子。1. 學(xué)生們?cè)谔咦闱?。The students are playing football. 2. 學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。( 添加地點(diǎn)狀語)The students are playing football_.3. 昨天學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。( 添加時(shí)間狀語)_the students were playing football on the playground.4. 昨天黃老師教的學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。（ 添加定語從句）Yesterday

8、 the students _ were playing football on the playground.5. 我看見學(xué)生們現(xiàn)在在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。（ 變?yōu)橘e語從句）_ that now the students are playing football on the playground.6. 昨天當(dāng)我經(jīng)過操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，我看到學(xué)生們?cè)谀抢锾咦闱?。（在第一條橫線上添加狀語從句，在第二條橫線上填寫賓語補(bǔ)足語）_ the playground yesterday, I saw some students_ there. （二） 根據(jù)所給動(dòng)詞寫出符合相應(yīng)基本句型的句子。1. cry (S+Vi) _

9、2. write (S+Vt+O) _3. bring (S+Vt+IO+DO) _4. look (S+V+SC/P) _5. watch (S+V+O+OC) _從上面的12個(gè)句子，我們可以知道：在寫英語句子的過程中，句子的內(nèi)容和長(zhǎng)度是可以通過添加句子成分來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。我們運(yùn)用正確的語法知識(shí)，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的“主+謂+賓”句子也可以變“豐富”起來哦！我們可以適當(dāng)加入一些形容詞、副詞或表示時(shí)間、方式、地點(diǎn)等詞，這樣，句子中除了主語、謂語、賓語三個(gè)成分之外還會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出狀語、定語、補(bǔ)足語等成分。我們對(duì)句子進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和優(yōu)化，從而寫出一個(gè)內(nèi)容更充實(shí)的句子！句子寫好了，離好作文還遠(yuǎn)嗎？第四關(guān)：拓展練習(xí)（一）口語一、

10、思考以下問題，并根據(jù)要求來回答。1. What sports are the most popular in the world? （用“主語+連系動(dòng)詞+ 表語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）_2.How do you like having sports? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）_3What sport do you like best? （用“主+謂+賓”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）_4When and where do you do it? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）_5 Why do you like to do it? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）_二、用正確語音、語調(diào)朗讀下面文章。朗

11、讀后分析劃線部分的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分。 My favourite sport is badminton. I have played it for about nine years. I play it about three (1)times a week in a club at my school. In my free time, I often watch the badminton players having badminton matches on TV. The game of badminton dated back to about 120 years (2)ago. It

12、is a good game for many reasons. It is fast and exciting. When you do a hard (3) (4)smash or a skilful drop shot, you feel very pleased. It is not expensive. You also get lots of exercise and many people who play this wonderful game. (5)（二）寫作請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下中文提示，寫一篇80詞左右的英文短文。生命在于運(yùn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)有利于我們的健康。廣州將迎來2010年亞運(yùn)會(huì)，假設(shè)

13、你校?？摹皩W(xué)生英語習(xí)作”欄目向全校學(xué)生征稿，征文內(nèi)容主要是建議大家課余時(shí)間齊來參與體育活動(dòng)，鍛煉體魄，放松身心；并通過同學(xué)身邊的例子來倡議大家重視體育鍛煉、保持健康。文章綱要：第一段：體育活動(dòng)的重要性和對(duì)身體的好處。第二段：介紹自己或者你認(rèn)識(shí)的一位擅長(zhǎng)某項(xiàng)體育活動(dòng)的同學(xué)（要點(diǎn)包括：你/他(她)喜愛和擅長(zhǎng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，愛上這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的緣由或在該運(yùn)動(dòng)方面取得過的成績(jī)）第三段：提倡同學(xué)們應(yīng)重視體育鍛煉、保持健康。There are many kinds of sports and many people like to take part in sports in their free time._Key

14、:(B) I can speak English.(A) The museum is near our school.(C) He is playing the piano now.(E)Mary bought a book yesterday.(D)Everybody should try to make Guangzhou a beautiful city. The game was invented. (S+V)We all want to be a big star. (S+V+O)My favourite sport is basketball. (S+V+P/SC)Watching

15、 the games can help me learn English. (S+V+O+OC)Our experts can give you advice. (S+V+IO+DO)It rained yesterday. (S+V+A)類別構(gòu)成例句1主語+不及物動(dòng)詞（S+Vi）太陽升起來。The sun rises.2主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語（S+Vt+O）女孩子摘了一朵花。The girl picked a flower.3主語+謂語+狀語（S+V+A）他安靜地坐著。He is sitting quitely.4主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語。（S+Vt+IO+DO）他給我看他的圣誕節(jié)禮

16、物。He showed me his Christmas gift.5主語+聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞+補(bǔ)語（S+V+O+Oc）我們必須保持教室整潔。We must keep the classroom cleaned.6主語+連系動(dòng)詞+主語補(bǔ)足語/表語（S+V+SC）這故事聽起來很有趣。This story sounds very funny.用簡(jiǎn)單句翻譯句子。主語+不及物動(dòng)詞（S+Vi）1. 車停下來了.The bus stopped2. 我每天早上6點(diǎn)起床.I get up at six every morning.主語+連系動(dòng)詞+ 表語（S+V+SC/P）1. 我爸爸是一位醫(yī)生.My father is

17、 a doctor.2. 他今天看起來很累.He looked so tired today.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語（ S+Vt+ O）1.我喜歡英語.I like English.2.他沒有完成他的作業(yè).He hasnt finished his homework.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語（S+Vt+IQ+DO）1. 我為媽媽做了一個(gè)生日蛋糕.I made my mother a birthday cake./ I made a birthday cake for my mother.2. 我給表哥買了一只新手表.I bought my cousin a new watch./ I bough

18、t a new watch for my cousin.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)( S +Vt+0+0C)1. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用.I found this book very useful.2. 他經(jīng)常讓我們很快樂.He always makes us happy.好,下面讓我們一起來找出下面句子中的錯(cuò)誤,并改正一下吧.1. Are you get healthy?Do (be 和do 用法混淆)2. Are you feel well?Do (be 和do 用法混淆)3. Do you get healthy? 4. Do you OK? Are(be 和do 用法混淆)5. We are

19、stay at home. stay(be do同時(shí)使用)6. Do you still have to go to school? 7. Often washing your hands. wash(非謂語動(dòng)詞誤用)8. Eat more vegetables makes you healthier.Eating (動(dòng)名詞做主語)9. Eating more vegetables. (Eat,祈使句)10. There is a lot of people. are(單復(fù)數(shù)混淆)11. You should be stay at home.should stay (被動(dòng)語態(tài)誤用)12. So

20、me advice should be given to the students. 13. Do you healthy now? get healthy (缺謂語)14. Not to go there. Wed better not go there.(缺主語) 15. Often wash your hands clean your home. Often wash your hands and clean your home.(缺連詞) 第二關(guān)： 擴(kuò)寫句子：1.(1)學(xué)生們?cè)谔咦闱颉he students are playing football. (2)學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。(

21、添加地點(diǎn)狀語)The students are playing football on the playground. (3)昨天學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。( 添加時(shí)間狀語)Yesterday the students were playing football on the playground.(4)昨天黃老師教的學(xué)生們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球。（ 添加定語從句）Yesterday the students who are taught by Miss Huang were playing football on the playground. (5)我看見張老師教的學(xué)生們現(xiàn)在在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。（ 變?yōu)橘e

22、語從句）I see that now the students are playing football on the playground.(6)昨天當(dāng)我經(jīng)過操場(chǎng)的時(shí)候，我看到學(xué)生們?cè)谀抢锾咦闱颉＃ㄔ诘谝粭l橫線上添加狀語從句，在第二條橫線上填寫賓語補(bǔ)足語）When I went past the playground yesterday, I saw some students playing football there. 2. (1)cry (S+Vi) She cried.(2) write (S+Vt+O) He is writing a passage.(3)bring (S+Vt

23、+IO+DO) I will bring you a gift.(4)look (S+V+SC/P) You look good today.(5) work (S+V+A) I worked from 6 to 7 yesterday.(6)watch (S+V+O+OC) He watched them playing football.第四關(guān)：口語及寫作（一）口語一、思考以下問題，并根據(jù)要求來回答。1. What sports are the most popular in the world? （用“主語+連系動(dòng)詞+ 表語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）are the most popular in t

24、he world.2.How do you like having sports? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）I like having sports very much.3What sport do you like best? （用“主+謂+賓”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）I likebest.4When and where do you do it? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）I play it 5 Why do you like to do it? （用“主+謂+賓+狀語”結(jié)構(gòu)來回答）I like to do it because .二、用正確語音、語調(diào)朗讀下面文章。朗讀后分析劃線

25、部分的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分。 My favourite sport is badminton. I have played it for about nine years. I play it about three (1)times a week in a club at my school. In my free time, I often watch the badminton players having badminton matches on TV. The game of badminton dated back to about 120 years (2)ago. It is a good game for many reasons. It is fast and exciting. When you do a hard (3) (4)smash or a skilful drop shot, you feel very pleased. It is not expensive. You also get lots of exercise and many people who play this wonderful game. (5)（1）主+動(dòng)詞+賓 （2）賓語補(bǔ)足語 （3）主+