一般過去時的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)

1、般過去時的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)宇文皓月一般過去時的基本用法一般過去時暗示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可暗示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。常和暗示過去的時間狀語連用,如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等?！九e例】gotupat6:30yesterday.天6:30起床。Myfatherwasverybusylastweek.我父親上周很忙。一般過去時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句“主語+動詞過去式+其他”或者“主語+was/were+其他”。【舉例】playedtennislastweekend.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了我的學(xué)校郊游棒極Myschooltripw

2、asgreat.了。否定句“主語+didn't+動詞原形+其他”或“主語+wasn't/weren't+其他”。Thegirldidntplaycomputergamesyesterdayafternoon.這個女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲。OldHenrywasn'thappylastFriday.上星期五老亨利不高興。一般疑問句“Did+主語+動詞原形+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes，主語+did”，否定回答為“No,主語+didn't”或者"Was7Were+主語+其他？”肯定回答為“Yes，主語+wa"were”，否定回答為“No,主

3、語+wasn't/weren't”。【舉例】-Didyougotothebeach?你們?nèi)ズ┝藛?？Yes,wedid./No,wedidn't.是的，我們?nèi)チ恕?不,我們沒有。WasyourweekendOK?你的周末過得還行吧？Yes,itwas./No,itwasnt.是的，還行。/不，不成。特殊疑1可句：特殊疑1可詞+般疑1可句（順序）？【舉例】WhatdidLiLeidolastweekend?李雷上周末干什么了？Hevisitedhisgrandparents.他去看了他的祖父母。Wherewereyouyesterday?你昨天在哪兒？Iwasathome

4、.我在家里。為了便于記憶行為動詞（實義動詞）的一般過去時用法及結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可用以下歌訣來幫忙記憶：動詞一般過去時，暗示過去發(fā)生事。謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標記。否定形式很簡單，主語之后didn't添。謂語動詞要還原。疑問構(gòu)成有規(guī)則，主語前面加did。過去式的構(gòu)成be動詞和實義動詞過去式的構(gòu)成：系動詞be的過去式有兩種形式：was和were。其中was是am和is的過去式，were是are的過去式。規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成：一般在動詞末尾加一ed?！九e例】walktwalkedplayplayed以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞末尾只加一d?！九e例】lovetloveddecidedecided結(jié)尾是“

5、輔音字母+y”的動詞。先將y變成i,再加一ed?！九e例】studystudiedcarrycarried末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫該輔音字母，再力口一ed?！九e例】stop7stoppedplanplanned規(guī)則動詞的過去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來記憶：過去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律，一般詞尾加一ed如果詞尾有個e（不發(fā)音的），只需直接加上一d?！拜o音字母+y”在詞尾，變y為i加一ed?！耙惠o重閉”作尾巴，雙寫之后加一ed。隨堂練習(xí)：一. 寫出下列動詞的過去式。二. am/is2.do3.go4.have5.isnt6.arent7.spend8.cookread10.clean11.live

6、12.study用適當?shù)脑~完成下列對話。1. Howwasyourweekend?Itgreat.Whatyoulastweekend?Isomehomework.2. Whatshelastweekend?Shetothebeach.3. Whattheydolastweekend?Theytothemovies.三. 用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。1. We(enjoy)ourselvesatthepartylastnight.2. Jack(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.3.you(go)totheGreatWalllastyear?4. What5

7、. Theoldday(be)man(be)illityesterday?andwenttoseeadoctor.6. We7. We(have)aparty_(visit)andwenthome.8.一How(be)thestudents?Theywereveryfriendly.Heoften(have)supperathome.Todayhe(have)supperatschool.9. Wehadgreatfun(play)inthewater.10. Thatmademe(feel)veryhappy.11. he(have)lunchatnin

8、e?No,hedidn't.12. They(buy)aguitaryesterday.四.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Hecameherelastmonth.(改為否定句）Heherelastmonth2.Theyplayedfootballthismorning.（改為“般疑1可句并作簡略回答)3. theyfootballthismorning?Yes,they./No,theyTheywenttoBeijinglastyear.（就劃線部分提問）theylastyear.TomwatchedTVlastnight.（改為一般疑問句）TomTVlastnight?Marydoeshomewor

9、keveryday.（用lastnight改寫句子）Mary一般現(xiàn)在時的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時暗示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作。（1）be（am,is,are）動詞：（作謂語動詞時）肯定句：主語+be動詞（am,is,are）+其它。如：Iamastudent.（主語+be動詞+名詞）Theyarehungry.(主語+be動詞+形容詞)Heisout.(主語+be動詞+副詞)Thatpenismine.（主語+be動詞+代詞） Iamfifteen.(主語+be動詞+數(shù)詞）Thebikeisunderthetree.(主語+be動詞+介詞短語)運用

10、am,is,are寫三個句子否定句：主語+be(am,is,are)+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。運用am,is,are寫三個句子般疑問句:Be(am,is,are)+主語+其它-Areyouastudent?Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.運用am,is,are寫三個句特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?運用am,is,are寫三個句子howare)特殊疑問句:what,where,who,when,which,whose,how,many,howmuch,whatshape,whatcolour,），找句子中有沒有b

11、e動詞（is,am或者或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞（特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be動詞（is,am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞+其他行為動詞：主語+行為動詞+（其它）。（作謂語動詞時）1）主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時，肯定句為：主語+動詞原形+其它否定式為：主語+don't+動詞原形+其它疑問句為：Do+主語+動詞原形+其它？e.g.WespeakChinese.DoyouspeakChinese?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Theydon'tspeakChinese.寫三個句子2）當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時：（he,she,it,A/An,單獨的人或事物:Lily/book）

12、肯定句為：主語+動詞（詞尾加s或es）+其它。否定式為：主語+doesn't+動詞原形+其它.疑問句式：Does+主語+動詞原形+其它？ HespeaksEnglish. Hedoesn'tspeaksEnglish. -Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.寫三個句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?3)動詞+s的變更規(guī)則(1)一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks(2)以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，力口-es,如:gues

13、sguesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes(3)以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:studystudies時)(can,could,beableto,may,might,must,haveto,need,shall,should,will,would)時,句子結(jié)構(gòu)為:肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形。否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形一般疑問句；情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他？特殊疑問句：疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他？Eg:HecanspeakEnglish.CanIhelpyou?WhatcanId

14、oforyou?在實際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時常與以下時間狀語聯(lián)用：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month),onceaweek,onSundays例句:HeusuallyplaysfootballonSundays.一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemake_take_loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Thechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthepark.否定句：一般疑問句：1. 對

15、劃線部分提問Thereisaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.否定句：一般疑問句：2. 對劃線部分提問Anndoesherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句：般疑問句對戈U線部分提問4.IreadanEnglishbook.否定句一般疑問句肯定/否定回答：對戈U線部分提問5.Mybrotheris>intheparkjustnow.否定句一般疑問句對劃線部分提問：一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)1.Igotoschoolbefore7:00inthemorning.(he)2.Ialwaysgoshoppingwithmymumo

16、nSunday.(she)3.IsometimesplaycomputergamesafterschoolonSunday.3. (he)IalwaystakeexerciseafterclassonMonday.(mymother)一般過去時詳細講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過去時：動詞一般過去時，暗示過去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had;謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標記；一般動詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn't添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；不含be動詞時如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原;動詞若是was,were,否定就把no

17、t添。含be動詞時疑問句也不難，要把was,were放在主語前。二、be的一般過去時：學(xué)習(xí)動詞be的一般過去時，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌握動詞be的一般過去時。be的過去時有四巧：一是時間狀語巧，暗示過去的短語要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was,復(fù)數(shù)were;三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，not緊跟was/were;四是疑問句式巧，was/were向前跑（提前）。【一巧】時間狀語（即標記詞）巧。一般過去時暗示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與暗示過去的一些時間狀語連用。1.yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語yesterdaymorning（afternoon,evening）等；2.由“l(fā)ast+一

18、時間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；3.由“時間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago4. 等；4.其它：justnow等由某些暗示過去時態(tài)的從句等?！径伞啃问角?。它與一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，形式多樣：當主語是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用was;主語是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用were。例如:Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning.昨天早上我在教室里。HewasatschoollastTuesday.上周二他在學(xué)校。Theywere

19、overthereamomentago.剛才他們在那邊。【三巧】否定句結(jié)構(gòu)巧與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時一樣，它在動詞后面加not即可釀成否7E句，而且was,were與not可以縮寫成wasn't,weren't。即：主語+wasn't/weren't+表語+其他。例如：Iwasnot(=wasn't)hereyesterday.昨入我不在這兒0Myparentswerenot(=weren't)athomelastSunday.上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞恳蓡柧涫角?。把was,were提到句首，句末用問號即可變成一般疑問句即：Was(Were)+主

20、語+表語+其他？這恰巧與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問句式相似。例如:Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday?前天你在家嗎？Wasshelatethismorning?今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問句的答語也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語+was/were.;否定回答用“No,主語+wasn't/weren't.。例如：WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow?剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒嗎？Yes,theywere.(No,theyweren't.)是的，她們在。（不，她們不在。）一、單項選擇:從下列各題后所給的四個選項中選擇最

21、佳答案填空。（10）()1.MyfatherillyesterdayAisn'tBaren'tC.wasn'tDweren't()2_yourparentsathomelastweek?AIsBWasC.AreDWere()3.Thetwins_inDalianlastyearTheyherenowA.are;wereB.were;areCwas;areD.were;was()4.yourfatheratworktheday)6.Icleanedmyclassroomyesterday(前天)？AWas;beforeBIs;beforeC.Was;afterDI

22、s;after()5.一WhowasondutylastFriday?A.IamB.IwasC.Yes,IwasD.No,Iwasn'twiththreehoursthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icamemyhousetwodaysago.AbackonBbacktoCtobackDback()8.?Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherd

23、oovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday()9.Whatdidyoudo?Iwenttothemovies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday()10.Thekoalasleeps,butgetsup.Aduringtheday;attheeveningatdayduringnightCinthedayduringtheevening1. Ddur二、請用正確動詞形式填空。I(have)end.sheterday?No,WhatTomening?ngtheday(10)an

24、exciting(practice)she(do)atnightpartylastweekherguitaryesonSaturdayevHe(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.4. Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.5. Whenyou(write)thissong?I(write)itlastyear.Myfriend,Carol,(study)forthemathte

25、stand(practice)Englishlastnight.6. Mr.Li(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.7. How(be)Jim'sweekend?It(benot)bad.(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she.1. 三、翻譯下列句子(20)我過了一個忙碌但卻刺激的周末。Iexcitingweekend.2. Jenny喜歡看書。昨晚她看了一本英語書。Jennylikes.SheanEnglishbooklastnight.3. Emma®天都看電視?？墒亲蛱焖麤]有看。Em

26、maTVeveryday.Butheyesterday.4. 上周六他們做什么了？他們做作業(yè)和購物了。WhattheySaturday?Theyhomeworkand5. 今天早上方方得做飯，因為他父親不在家。ThismorningFangfangbeca6. usehisfather你還有的？Whatwould放學(xué)別忘了向老tforgetr.為什么你yesterday.什么要說youlike?師說聲再見。Don'theteache昨晚沒有看電視？WhyyouTVlastnight?9. 他在打掃教室的時候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表。Whenhetheclassroom,heatchontheg

27、round.10. 他什么時候出生的？1980年。-Whenhe?-1980.四、改寫句子：（20）1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）Lucyherhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge（冰箱）.（變一般疑問句）hemeatinthefridge?3、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.（變一般疑問句）thereorangeinthecup?4. Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.（一般疑問句）Frankaninterestingbookabouthis

28、tory?Whynotgooutforawalk?（同義句）outforawalk?ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.（否定句）ThomasRMB10onthisbook.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.（戈U線提問）familylastweek?5. IthinksheisLily'ssister.（否定句。注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移）Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.（否定句）Sallyoftensomereadinginthemorning.Heisatall,thinboy.（劃線提問）he?五、改錯

29、題(20)1.HowisJaneyesterday?2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.5.Didyousawhimjustnow.TomwasntwatchTVlastnight.Ididntmyhomeworkyesterday.8.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.9.Whofinditjustnow?10.Whatmakehimcry（哭）justnow?六、完形填空(10)Tomdidnotlikedoinghishomewo

30、rk,becausehelikedtodosome1_thingsafterschool.Andhisteacheralways2alotofmistakesinhishomework.Thenoneday,hismathsteacher3atTonrfshomeworkandsawthathegotallhisanswersright.Hewasvery4andsurprised(驚奇)ThenextmorningbeforeclasshecalledTom5_hisdeskand6_tohimYougotallyourhomeworkrightthistime.Didyourfatherhelpyou?”SometimesTom'sfatherhelpedhimwithhishomework,7thistimehedidnthelpTombecausehe8_athome.SoTomansweredNO,SirHeWasbusylastnightsoI9todoit10.”()1.A.othersB.anotherC.theotherD.other()2.A.madeB.foundC.lookedatD.looked()3.A.laughedB.knockedC.lookedD.saw()4