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Name
Gender
Male
Dateofbirth(yy/mm/dd)
College
Major
Domesticsupervisor
Hostingforeigncountry
Hostingforeigninstitution
Hostingfacultyordepartment
Hostingforeignsupervisor
Areaofresearch
Durationofstudy
months(fromto)
RESEARCHPROJECT
TITLE:
SCIENTIFICPREMISES:
MAINSUBJECTS:
THECURRENTRESEARCHCONDITIONANDLEVELOFTHERESEARCHPROJECTATHOMEANDABROAD:
CentralfuelingisdesiredforfutureDTfusionreactorslikeChineseFusionEngineeringTestReactor(CFETR)tooperatesafelyandeconomically.Achievingtritiumcentralfuelingcandecreasetritiumretentionintheplasmafacingcomponents,andcanincreasetritiumburn-upfractionwhichisadvantagetosimplifyingthedesignandconstructionoftritiumbuildingreducingthecostofthefusionpowerplant.
Comparingtotraditionalgaspuffing,pelletfuelinghashigherfuelingefficiencybecauseofthedeeperpenetrationofthepellets.Associatedwiththisdeeppenetration,pelletinjectioncancauseapeakdensityprofile,andimprovetheconfinementpropertieswhichisbeneficialforreactorstooperateatahighdensityscenario.Forthesereasons,pelletinjectionisconsideredastheprimaryfuelingmethodinfuturefusiondevices.
Studyonpelletfuelinghasbeenmakingaconstantprogressbothexperimentallyandtheoreticallyformorethanfourdecades.Pelletwasinjectedfromlow-fieldside(LFS)inearlyexperiments,andanincreasingfuelingefficiencywasobservedwithincreasingpenetrationdepth.In1990s,LangPTandcollaboratorsfoundthatpelletslaunchedfromHFSpenetratedeeperthanthoselaunchedfromLFS,whichwasduetothedriftoftheablatantdowntothemagneticfieldgradientandwasconfirmedinDⅢ-Dexperimentssoonafterwards.Duetoitsdeeperpenetration,HFSpelletfuelingisadoptedbyITERdesign.However,thepelletvelocityislimitedto300m·s-1bycollisioninthecurvedtubethroughwhichthepelletsaretransferredtotheHFS.What’smore,ithasahotedgeinITERplasma,soit’spredictedthatpelletscannotpenetratemuchdeeplyeveniflaunchedfromHFS.
Ontheotherhand,effortsontheoryandsimulationofpelletfuelingisdevotedtohelpunderstandingpelletfuelingprocess.Ontheablationprocess,Parksdevelopedasimpleneutralgasshielding(NGS)modelinlate1970s,whichcanreproducesatisfactorilytheexperimentdataofpelletpenetrationdepthintheInternationalPelletAblationDatabase(IPADBASE)andiswidelyused.Afterthat,othermodelstookintoaccountmoresophisticatedeffects,suchascoldplasmashielding,electrostaticshielding,magneticshielding,Maxwelliandistributionofambientplasma,atomicprocess,energeticparticles,anisotropicheatflux,warpingofthepelletandsoon.Asfortheablatantdriftdowntothemagneticfieldgradient,it’sgeneralbelievedtobeaE×Bdriftandinasimplepicturetheelectricfieldisdeterminedbythebalancebetweenthe?B-induceddriftandthepolarizationdriftofparticlesintheablatantcloud.
Thoughstudyonpelletfuelinghasmadeagreatprogressbothexperimentallyandtheoreticallywhenappliedtopresent-daytokamaks,thingsmaybecomedifferentwhenextrapolatingtofuturetokamaks.Generally,it’sbelievedthatitishardtoachieveadeeppenetrationinfuturefusionreactorsbecauseoftheveryhighparametersespeciallyhighelectrontemperatureunderthoseconditions.It’snoteworthythatthedominanteffectsonpelletablationandtheablatantdriftmaytotallydifferfromthoseinexistingdevices,whichalsoindicatesthereasonforthedifferenceofpredictionsmadebydifferentmodelsforfuturereactorswiththesimilarparameters.Figuringoutthephysicsmechanismthatcausesthesedifferenceisthebasistosimulateaccuratelythepelletfuelingprocessinfuturereactors.
Insummary,it’scrucialforthewholedesignoffuturefusionreactorstoaccuratelycalculatethepelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthbasedonadeepunderstandingofpelletfuelingprocessandexploreotherpossiblewaystoincreasethepenetrationdepth.
THEAIMANDEXPECTATIONOFTHERESEARCH:
Inthisstudy,pelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthwillbecalculated,andmethodstoincreasepenetrationdepthwillbeexploredinCFETR.
PelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthinCFETRwillbecalculated.
DTratioofpelletswillbeoptimized.
Pelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthwillbecalculatedinthecaseofencapsulatedpelletswithplasticormetalmaterial.
Othermethodstoincreasethepelletvelocitywillbeexplored.Apossiblewayistoaccelerateapelletwithmicro-wavepowerafterthepelletleavesthecurvedtube.
Transportanalysisafterdepositionofpelletablatedparticleswillbecarriedout,combiningPELLET/PRLwithtransportcodes,suchasTGYRO.
THEEXPERIMENTALMETHODSANDDATAANALYSISMETHODS(whererequired):
ThecalculationresultsofpelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthinCFETRwillbecomparedwiththoseobtainedbyothercodes.Thenthekeyeffectsandparametersdeterminingablationprocesswillbefiguredoutandthecodewillbeimproved.
Inthecaseofencapsulatedpelletswithplasticormetalmaterial,thepelletpenetrationdepthisexpectedtobeincreasedbecauseofahigherpelletvelocityallowedbytheincreasingstrengthofthepellet.Inaddition,shieldingofthepelletwillbeenhancedbyparticlesdepositedbytheshell,whichisbenefitfordeeppenetration.
THEARRAGEMENTOFTHERESEARCHWORK:
Timetable
Date
Activity
2018.09-2018.12
CalculatethepelletablationrateandpenetrationdepthinCFETRandcompareresultswiththoseobtainedbyothercodes.Thenimprovethecodebasedontheanalysisofthepossiblydifferentresults.
2018.12-2019.03
Calculatethepelletpenetrationdepthwithvariedinjectionconfigurations,DTratiosandthematerialsandthicknessofthepelletshellinCFETR.Thenoptimizetheselectionoftheseparameters.
2019.03-2019.07
Exploreotherpossiblemethodstoincreasetheinjectionvelocity.Predicttheevolutionofdensityandtemperatureprofileintheprocessofpelletablationdepositionandperiodbeforeinjectingnextpellet,combiningPELLET/PRLwithparticleandenergytransportcodes.
2019.07-2019.09
FinalReport
THELEVELANDADVANTAGEOFTHEHOSTINGFOREIGNINSTITUTIONONTHISPROJECT:
GeneralAtomicshasoperatedDⅢ-Dformanyyearsandachievedimpressiveandsignificantprogressinthefieldofmagneticconfinementfusionresearch.Onthestudyofpelletfueling,thereareseveralexcellentscientistsinGA.Forexample,L.R.Baylor,PaulParks,JosephMcClenaghan,andWenWuhavedonealotofworkandpublishedmanyhighlevelpapersinthisarea.Parksdevelopedt
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