初三英語(yǔ)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

1、知 識(shí) 要 點(diǎn)1.問(wèn)職業(yè)：What be + 主語(yǔ)？= What does /do +主語(yǔ)+do?/Whats ones job?eg. He is a teacher.提問(wèn) _ _ he _?2.Its nice talking to you.與你談話真快樂(lè)。3.表方式的短語(yǔ)1)on foot 2)by + 交通名詞單數(shù)無(wú)冠詞 = in / on a (the; 物主代詞；名詞所有格)eg. 1) by bike /plane/train/bus= on a bike /plane/train/bus by car = in a car 2) He goes to work by a bik

2、e every day.(改錯(cuò)) _must: 個(gè)人主觀上認(rèn)為“必須無(wú)時(shí)態(tài)變化4. have to : 有外部條件強(qiáng)加的客觀上的“不得不 存在各種時(shí)態(tài)eg. 1) I _ stop on the way because of the rain. 2) I _ stop because Im a little tired.5.提建議Shall we ? 答 肯定：Good idea / OK / Lets All rightWhy not ? 語(yǔ) 否認(rèn)：No, lets 肯定：Certainly/ Yes, please/另外還可答復(fù)為 Yes, I think so/ Id love to否認(rèn)

3、：No,I dont think so /Im afraid not. put on強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿的動(dòng)作：穿上，戴上 后接6. wear是 put on 之后的結(jié)果：穿著 “衣服= be in 名詞 dress sb/oneself/color: 給某人穿衣eg. 1)Youd better _ more clothes when you go out. Its cold outside.A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off 2)The boy can _ himself now.A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off 3

4、) Tom is wearing a red shirt today. A. is on B. is in C. is putting on7.在具體的某樓前用 oneg. He lives on the fifteenth floor.8.How do you like ? 你覺(jué)得怎么樣？ = What do you think of ? eg. How do you_the new film? = What do you_the new film? 你覺(jué)得這部新電影怎么樣？9.a little = a bit 但注意：1) a little+名詞 = a bit of + 名詞 )eg.T

5、here is a little( a bit of ) water in the glass 2) not a little = ve not a bit = not at all 10. quite : quite a (an) + 形 + 名 very : a very + 形 + 名eg. This is a very interesting book. = This is quite an interesting book.11.in a hurry: 匆忙地/hurry upeg.1)He is in a hurry all day. 2)She went to school in

6、 a hurry.另外：hurry to = go to in a hurry12. marry sb = be married to sb.與某人結(jié)婚 get married = be married 已婚；結(jié)婚但get married是“短命動(dòng)詞，要指“結(jié)婚多久應(yīng)用be marriedeg. 1)She married with a doctor (找錯(cuò)) _ 2)She has got married for ten years (找錯(cuò)) _13. leave sth + 地點(diǎn)：把某物忘在某地 forget sth : 忘記某事eg. 1)He _ the drivers license

7、 yesterday. 2)I _ my umbrella in the train just now.14.感慨句 1What (a, an) + 形 + 名+主 + 謂！(注：但名詞為不可數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，那么不用a / an) 2How + 形 / 副 + 主 + 謂！eg.1)_ bad weather! 2)_ hard they are working! 3)_ good girl she is! 4)_ beautiful flowers they are!“雨大，雪大heavy-heavily/ hard15.“風(fēng)大 strong -strongly “太陽(yáng)大bright-brigh

8、tly注意以上詞的形、副區(qū)別eg. 1)There was a _ rain yesterday. 2)It blew _ last night. 3)The sun is shining _. 4)Look! Its raining _. 5)What a _ wind! how long: 多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間問(wèn)時(shí)間段16. how often: 多久一次問(wèn)頻率 how soon = when: 何時(shí)in+短時(shí)間 how far 距離多長(zhǎng)eg.1)-_ does he go home? - Once a week. 2)-_ were you away from school last year? -

9、Less than a week. 3)-_ will he come back? -In two days. take the place of 動(dòng)詞詞組謂語(yǔ) eg. 1)I didnt go to the cinema. _ I went to the library yesterday. 2)We would like to stay at school _ going to the cinema today. 18.so 句型 so + be(助、情) + 主語(yǔ)：“也如此 so + 主語(yǔ) + be(助、情)：“確實(shí)如此eg.1)I watched TV last night, and

10、so did she. 昨晚我看了電視，她也看了。 2)I watch TV every day, and so does he. 我每天看電視，他也如此。 3)I can swim, so I can. 我會(huì)游泳，真的是這樣。注意：表示“也不如此用neither / noreg. I didnt watch TV last night, neither did she19.指路與問(wèn)路 問(wèn)路 1)Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to . how to get to the way to 2)Excuse me. Which is the w

11、ay to指路1)Go down / up / along this road and go還可替換為walk 2)Go down / up / along to the end.3)Go on until you reach the end. 4)Take the turning on the left.= Turn left at the turning.5)Go across the bridge 20. eg.1)Hes sick / ill in hospital. 2)A nurse (A) must take (B) good (C) care of ill (D) men. 選

12、錯(cuò) _21. eg.1)_ he is a student. 2)He _ a student.22.類似結(jié)構(gòu)23.到達(dá)但當(dāng)后不接地點(diǎn)時(shí)，只能用arriveeg.1)She _ Shanghai last night.A. reached to B. got C. arrived in D. arrived at 2)They _ there in time at last.A. reached to B. arrived C. got to D. arrived at1) Ill ring you up as soon as he_ (到達(dá)).eg.1)She is _ girl. 2)Do

13、 you feel _ when you are _? 3)The old man live in a house _.eg. I have (A) many (B) work to do (C)_too many +可數(shù)名詞eg.1)He gave us _ money. 2)She is _ young.eg.1)Please _ your exercise book here tomorrow.2)Meimei often helps the old man _ water.eg. -I looked for my pen_, but I couldnt find it _. -Dont

14、 worry. Sooner or later youll find it _.30.to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是類似結(jié)構(gòu)：to ones joy 使某人快樂(lè)的是eg. To our great surprise, she could swim in the river. 使我們驚奇的是，他能在河里游泳。31. agree with : 同意某人或某人所說(shuō)的 agree to : 同意某事eg. 1)He agree _ my plan. 2)I agree _ what you said.32.be on team: 參加隊(duì)；是的隊(duì)員eg. He is on the ci

15、ty basketball team. 他是市籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)員。33.teach sb+科目當(dāng)sb是人稱代詞時(shí)應(yīng)用賓格eg. He teaches our English(改錯(cuò)) _34.the 100-metre race 100米賽跑 100-metre作定語(yǔ)，修飾race, 注意metre用單數(shù)。 類似結(jié)構(gòu)：a two-thousand-word letter一封兩千字的信an 18-year-old girl一位18歲的女孩另外有時(shí)還可用所有格形式來(lái)表達(dá)：100-metre race = 100 metres racetwo-month holiday = two months holida

16、y但當(dāng)前面有a/ an ; 物主代詞；所有格時(shí)。那么只能用復(fù)合形容詞來(lái)表示：eg. What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holidayB. Two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two moths blem與question question: 指人們主觀上產(chǎn)生而提出等待答復(fù)的問(wèn)題。常與ask , answer連用 problem: 指客觀上存在等待解決的問(wèn)題著重指“難題。常與solve , work out連用1) We must find out

17、 a good way to solve the _.2) You can answer the _ in your own words. borrow: 借進(jìn) borrow from從借36. lend: 借出 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人keep: 保存；借多久與時(shí)間段連用1)Jack _ me his bike last week.2)You can _ the book from me, but you can _ it for only one week.37.Its +adj + of / for sb to do sth.當(dāng)形容詞用于修

18、飾人時(shí)，介詞用of. 常見(jiàn)的此類形容詞有：kind ; good ; clever ; careful ; polite ; right ; wrong. 其余情況用Its +adj.+for.sb.+ to do sth 1)Its very clever _ you to do that.2)Its hard _ me to work out the problem.38. more: 另外的；額外的放在數(shù)量詞之后other+數(shù)量詞 剩余的。 another: 再一另一放在數(shù)量詞之前1)May I have two _ apples?2)May I borrow _ one book?us

19、ed to + 動(dòng)原: 過(guò)去常常做39. be used to + 動(dòng)原: 被用于做 be / get used to sth : 習(xí)慣于某事1)He used to be late for school. 2)The knife is used to cut things.3)He is uesd to hard work. other: 放在被修飾詞之前 1)other students別的學(xué)生40. else: 放在被修飾詞之后，一般修飾不定代詞和疑問(wèn)詞2)anybody else. 其它任何人 what else. 別的什么41. so + 形/副 such + 形 + 名但注意：1)

20、 so +形+a / an + 單名= such a /an +形 +單名2)so (many / much / few / little) + 名3)so that ; such that如此以致 It was _ bad weather. There are _ many poor in the country. _ few animals eat _ much grass. This city is _ old, youd better visit it. Its _ important party _ I cant miss it. have / has been to: 曾經(jīng)去過(guò)42

21、. have / has gone to: 已經(jīng)去了have / has been in: 已在(多久)注意：1)后接地點(diǎn)副詞here, there , home時(shí)應(yīng)省介詞 2)與時(shí)間段連用只用have /has been in -Wheres Tom?-He _ Beijing. I _ Beijing several times. She _ Chengdu for two years. He _ there twice.43.“短命動(dòng)詞 “長(zhǎng)命動(dòng)詞buyhave ; borrowkeep ; diebe dead ; leavebe away (from); come backbe ba

22、ck; fall asleepbe asleep ; openbe open ;catch a coldhave a cold; go /get outbe out; arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地點(diǎn)be in +地點(diǎn)；joinbe in +集體或be + 成員；turn onbe on; turn offbe off ;get a letter fromhave a letter from.end /finishbe over ; get upbe up ; 1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D

23、) two years. _2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). _5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). _6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) _7)My brothe

24、r (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. _44. except: 除以外不包括除去的局部besides: 除了，還有包括除去的局部nothing/nobody but 1) We go to school every day except Sunday.該句意味著： We go to school from Monday to Saturday.2)We all went to the park besides Li Lei.該句意味著： We went to the park, and Li Lei went, too. t

25、ake: It take sb sometime to do sth.45. 主語(yǔ)pay (money) for sth 是人buy sth for + moneycost: sth cost sb + money 主語(yǔ)是物1)I _ ten yuan on the book. 2)I _ ten yuan for the book.3)The book _ me ten yuan. 4)I _ the book for ten yuan.5)It _ me an hour to do the maths problem sometime: 某時(shí)(與將來(lái)時(shí)連用)46 sometimes: 有時(shí)

26、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)some time: 一些時(shí)候(表時(shí)間段)some times:幾次eg. 1)He _ (go) to Beijing sometime next week.2)I _ (be) to Beijing some times.47.Must I.? No,You neednt/dont have to. May I.? No, You mustnt/cant.48.計(jì)量：表事物的“長(zhǎng)、寬、高、深、遠(yuǎn)、厚用 “l(fā)ong ; wide ; high / tall ; deep ; away ; thick.1)Mr Green is nearly two metres _2)The ic

27、e is about one metre _.3)Our classroom is about twelve metres _and eight metres _.49.population：不可數(shù)名詞指人口的多少用“l(fā)arge / big或small；詢問(wèn)人口的多少用what.1)Whats the population of Germany? 德國(guó)的人口是多少？2)China has a large population.中國(guó)人口眾多3)The population (A) of (B) Japan is less (C) than that (D) of India. _另外注意：表示“

28、有人口用have a population of .Now China has a population of more than one billion. 現(xiàn)在中國(guó)有十億多人口。 eg. make room for: 為騰出空間51.seem的用法：1)seem + adj = seem to be + adj He seems very angry = He seems to be angry.2)seem to do It seems to rain tomorrow.明天似乎要下雨。3)It seems + that從句 It seems that you are right.你似乎是

29、對(duì)的。1)We _ them 5 to 3.2)In the end we _ the erested;excited;surprised/pleased主語(yǔ)是人。指某53.人對(duì)感興趣/感到興奮/感到驚奇只作表語(yǔ)interesting;excited;surprising/pleasant主語(yǔ)是物。指某物有趣/令人興奮/使人驚奇可作定、表語(yǔ)1)Its an _football game.2)Im _ in music. 1)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，用于否、疑句54.need 2)作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 need to do(表主動(dòng))need doing(表被動(dòng))1)You neednt go hom

30、e now.2)The bike needs mending.3)I need to go home now.55. alive: 活著的；在世的常作后置定語(yǔ) living: 活著的；沒(méi)死的常作前置定語(yǔ)1)Both plants and animals are _ thing.2)No one _ will believe it.56.否認(rèn)前移的動(dòng)詞：think , believe , expect , suppose.1)I didnt expect their team would win.我希望他們的對(duì)不會(huì)贏。2)I dont think he will come tomorrow. 我

31、認(rèn)為明天他不會(huì)來(lái)。 look at: 有意識(shí)地看57. see: look at之后的結(jié)果看見(jiàn)read: 看書、報(bào)等watch: 看電視、比賽等另外注意：1)see a film看電影2)see a doctor看醫(yī)生1)I often _ _ newspaper after supper.2)He _ the picture, and _ some trees in it.58. listen to :有意識(shí)地聽(tīng)hear: listen to之后的結(jié)果聽(tīng)見(jiàn)He was very sorry to _ the bad news. look for:強(qiáng)調(diào)“找的動(dòng)作尋找59. find: look

32、 for之后的結(jié)果找到 find out: (經(jīng)過(guò)努力、周折)查出，找出真相等They are _ their lost horse.A. finding B. looking for C. finding out60. hope: (可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的)愿望 wish: (難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的)愿望另外注意：1)wish to do sth = hope to do sth 2)wish sb to do sth ( ) hope sb to do sth( )( )I _ you to come to school earlier next time. A. wish B. hope C. wants en

33、ough：放在形、副之后. good enough61. 修飾不定代詞(something, anything, nothing)的詞應(yīng)后置。else修飾不定代詞和疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)后置1)I have something important to tell you.2)He didnt run fast enough to catch up with Tom.had better +動(dòng)原 否認(rèn)had better not +動(dòng)原62 Will / Would you please +動(dòng)原？Will / Would you please not + 動(dòng)原？Will you please not talk

34、 in class?63. Whats the weather like ? 的天氣= Hows the weather ? 怎么樣？64. find +賓 +形：覺(jué)得怎么樣find it +形 +to do: 覺(jué)得做怎么樣類似用法還有make , think等1)I find the question _(容易).2)I think it important to learn Englis.65. a number of +復(fù)名：許多，一些(作主為復(fù))the number of: 的數(shù)目/號(hào)碼(作主為三單)The number of the students in our class is

35、50. too: 句末 用于肯定句66. also: 句中 “也either: 否認(rèn)句末“也不1)I dont like reading, she doesnt , _.2)Tom is fourteen. Jim is _fourteen.67. already , just : 肯助后yet: 否、疑末1)I have already had lunch.2)I havent had lunch yet.68. live: (長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的)居住 stay: (短時(shí)間的)居住eg. He lives in Changsha, but hes going to stay in Shanghai f

36、or a few days.57個(gè)中考必備句型1 as soon as 2 (not ) +(once/twice/three times/two thirds) as/ so .as /asas 3 as soon/much as possible4 ask sb. for sth. 5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth. 6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.7 be afraid of doing/that/todo 8 be busy doing sth./with sth9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for

37、10 be glad that.be glad to do sth 11 give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tellsth. to sb. buy sth for sb.12 buy/give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sb. sth.13 eitheror 37 neithernor14 enjoy/hate/like/finish/stop/mind/keep/go on/practice/consider, look forward to/ pay attention to/make a contribution to/feel like/get used to/be worth doing sth.15 find it + adj to do sth. 17 get ready for/get sth. ready/get ready to do sth 18 ha