unit2smartcars

1、1Unit 2 Smart CarsUnit 2 Smart CarsText A Smart Cars 2Paras.13The computer revolution will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 21st century Paras.49With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will be so designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determine their own p

2、recise locations and warn of traffic jams.Paras.1013GPS and “telematics” will make it possible to build smart highways, which will benefit us in more than one way.3nGlobal Positioning System (GPS): space-based radio-navigation system, consisting of 24 satellites and ground support. GPS provides user

3、s with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions. n GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time that a signal is sent and the time it is received. GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that p

4、rovide extremely accurate time. The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast. 4 The signal contains data that a receiver uses to compute the locations of the satellites and to make other adjustm

5、ents needed for accurate positioning. The receiver uses the time difference between the time of signal reception and the broadcast time to compute the distance, or range, from the receiver to the satellite. The receiver must account for propagation delays, or decreases in the signals speed caused by

6、 the ionosphere and the troposphere. With information about the ranges to three satellites and the location of the satellite when the signal was sent, the receiver can compute its own three-dimensional position. 5 As of March 1998, 24 GPS satellites were in operation. Replenishment satellites are re

7、ady for launch, and contracts have been awarded to provide satellites into the 21st century. GPS applications continue to grow in land, sea, air, and space navigation. The ability to enhance safety and to decrease fuel consumption will make GPS an important component of travel in the international a

8、irspace system. Airplanes will use GPS for landing at fogbound airports. Automobiles will use GPS as part of intelligent transportation systems. Emerging technologies will enable GPS to determine not only the position of a vehicle but also its altitude.6 7dashboard8 satellite 9 SMART CARS 10nBased o

9、n production quality：1.Volvo（沃爾沃，Sweden）2. Bayerische Motorenwerke AG（BMW，寶馬，Germany)3. General Motor Corporation（GMC，通用， USA）4. Hyundai（現(xiàn)代，South Korea）5. Volkswagen （大眾，Germany）6. Ford （福特，USA）Automobile Industry World Top 10 117. Peugeot-Citroen （標(biāo)致雪鐵龍，F(xiàn)rance）8. Mercedes-Benz （奔馳，Germany）9.Renault

10、 （雷諾，F(xiàn)rance）10. Fiat （菲亞特，Italy）nBased on sales：1.Toyota （豐田，Japan）2. General Motor Corporation（GMC，通用， USA）3. Volkswagen （大眾，Germany）4. Ford （福特，USA）125.Hyundai（現(xiàn)代，South Korea）6. Peugeot-Citroen （標(biāo)致雪鐵龍，F(xiàn)rance）7. Honda （本田，Japan）8. Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft（DMG，戴姆勒克萊斯勒，Germany）9. Bayerische Motor

11、enwerke AG（BMW，寶馬，Germany)10. Fiat （菲亞特，Italy） 13Germany:UK:14USA:France:15Japan:Italy:16nChina 奇瑞 華晨中華 吉利 長(zhǎng)城 紅旗 哈飛number plateheadlightsidelighttiredoordoor handlewing mirror/rear view mirrorhoodtrunkwindshieldwindshield wiperroofindicator lightrear light保險(xiǎn)杠保險(xiǎn)杠 transmissionbumper timing beltlPosses

12、sing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely.lTraveling to work by car is also more comfortable than having to use public transport; More convenient.lThe driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air-conditioning in the summer to suit his own ne

13、eds and preference. lIts a symbol of social status.Why do you like/want cars?1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitati

14、ons/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees

15、used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not sa

16、fe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful

17、4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing direc

18、tions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncom

19、fortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limits8.1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ tra

20、ffic fees, speed limits8.Parking problem1.the fees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable, worried7.too many limitations/ traffic fees, speed limit1.the f

21、ees used to protect,repair are too high.2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the confusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervous,uncomfortable,1.the fees used to protect,2.not safe/traffic accidents3.traffic jams are awful4.Pollutions to the air5.the con

22、fusing directions6. The feeling of driving/nervouWhy dont you want to own a car?Topics for Group Discussion2. In this part, the author lists the features of smart cars. Can you summarize these features?Smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.Smart cars can alert the police and provide precise lo

23、cation if stolen.Smart cars can monitor ones driving and the driving conditions nearby.Smart cars can alert the sleepy driver.Smart cars can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams. Part Division of the TextPartsParas Main IdeasPart IParas 1-3Part II Paras 4-9Part IIIParas10-13New technol

24、ogy will have a_ impact on _ and _in the 21st century. carshighwaysWith the _ of _ technology, smart cars will be so designed that they can help eliminate _, determine their own _ and warn of _.traffic accidentsprecise locationstraffic jams_ and “telematics” will make it possible to build _, which w

25、ill benefit us in more than one way.smart highwaysLanguage FocusThe automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. Double prepositions 雙重介詞雙重介詞 -New shoots will come up from around roots. 新芽從舊根周圍長(zhǎng)出。（新芽從舊根周圍長(zhǎng)出。（from和和round同屬地點(diǎn)位置范疇，但一個(gè)介詞均不足以全面表同

26、屬地點(diǎn)位置范疇，但一個(gè)介詞均不足以全面表意。）意。） -The monkey suddenly emerged from behind the tree, frightening Lucy into screaming. lucrative: adj. producing much money; profitablelucrative job/ profit / business / market / contractThere is still an illegal but lucrative trade in ivory between Africa and South-East Asia

27、.rank as: 被看作被看作，被列為，被列為Although we describe ourselves as a nation of equals, there is little doubt that some of us rank as “more equal than others.” In 2010, we still rank as the fattest developed nations, with an obesity rate more than double that of many European countries.25Phrases Phrases 1. tu

28、rn (sth.) into/become a reality 使成為現(xiàn)實(shí)nWorking at home and communicating with fellow workers via their PCs has become a reality. nShopping at home has become a reality.2. rank as among :rank as one of 位居其中nThe automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries. Todays match

29、 ranks as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played . 26Language Studyturn sth. into a reality / become a reality nHer dream of being a college student has turned into a reality.Shopping at home has become a reality.27lucrative (line4): producing much money; profitable 賺錢的，生利的 -

30、 Many ex-army officers found lucrative jobs in private security firms.- He inherited a lucrative business from his father. -lucrative business/market/contract-a lucrative profession/investment28presently (ad.) now; in a short time, soon 現(xiàn)在，目前，不久nThe Secretary of State is presently considering the pr

31、oposal. 國(guó)務(wù)卿正在考慮該項(xiàng)建議nThis is a relatively clean source of energy compared to presently available nuclear power.29stand(line7) v. used to show a particular level or amount - Inflation(通貨膨脹通貨膨脹) currently stands at nine percent. - Your bank balance stands at $560. manufacture(line7) v. make goods on a

32、large scale using machinery- Britain now almost 40% of Europes desktop computers.-Ford has been manufacturing cars for nearly a hundred years.30revolutionize（line9） vt. make (sth.) change completely or in a dramatic way 徹底改革，使發(fā)生革命性劇變徹底改革，使發(fā)生革命性劇變 - Computers have revolutionized banking / peoples lif

33、e. 31(line10) The key to tomorrows “smart cars” will be sensors. -The crucial element to the future cars will be sensors. “key”: a vital, crucial element;32approximate a. fairly correct or accurate but not completely so 近似的；大概的 approximately (adv.) : about The car accident happened at approximately

34、7:20 pm.33Language Studyeliminate (L.19): remove sb./sth. that is not wanted or needed; get rid of patterns: eliminate sth.; eliminate sth. from sth. nCan the government eliminate poverty?n他因?yàn)槭褂门d奮劑已被取消了參加游泳比賽的資格。He has been eliminated from the swimming race because he used the performance-enhancing

35、drugs.3435Language Studyin the air (L.21): in the earths atmosphere; uncertain, not yet decided nThere is a smell of car exhaust gas (尾氣) in the air.nOur plans are still in the air.我們的計(jì)劃尚未確定。36 alert (vt.) warn (sb.) that there may be danger, trouble, etc.使警覺,使警惕;使注意 The manager alerted the staff to

36、 the crisis facing the company. The teacher alerted the students to the danger of swimming in the river. An anonymous letter alerted the police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport. 37Language Study (2) adj. attentive; watchful pattern: be alert toThe squirrels are quite alert to

37、dangers. 38Language Study(3) n. a condition or period of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action pattern: on the alert (for/ against sth.)The hunters are on the alert for wolves. bumper （汽車）保險(xiǎn)杠；減震器；緩沖器（汽車）保險(xiǎn)杠；減震器；緩沖器Language FocusShould you make a serious driving mistake (e.g., change lane

38、s when there is a car in your “blind spot”) the computer would sound an immediate warning. (L26-28) “Should” is often used in subordinate clauses after “if” - it makes an event sound less probable. For example: If you should see Harry, give him my regards. (You might see him.)In British English, the

39、 structure “if + subject + should + verb” is often replaced by “Should + subject + verb”.For example: Should you see Harry, give him my regards.41monotonous(line31)a. dull and never changing or varying; constant and boring 單調(diào)的；一成不變的 - My job in the car factory is monotonous.grossly(line32) ad. extre

40、mely 十足；嚴(yán)重地 gross a. glaringly obvious; whole; total 顯而易見的；總的；毛的 - Funding of education has been grossly inadequate for years. 42hazard (line33)n. a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a danger or risk - The research has confirmed that tobacco smoke presents a hazard to health. -Smog develo

41、ped into a major health hazard by the 2oth century.44get/be stuck in (sth) (line37)be unable to move or to be moved 停留，被阻塞 - I was stuck in the traffic yesterday for about one hour. Thats why I missed the plane. - Mum resented being stuck at home with two young kids.45convert1) (cause to) change fro

42、m one form or use to anothernThe hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home. 那家旅館將被改建成私人療養(yǎng)院。那家旅館將被改建成私人療養(yǎng)院。46Language Studyconvert (L.52): change from one form or use to anotherpattern: convert sth. to / into sth.nHe converted his euros into dollars.nWater is converted into steam if it is bo

43、iled.n那座樓房改成學(xué)校了。That building has been converted into a school.47Language Studycorrelate (L.54): have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another (followed by with/to) They are trying to find out if these behavior patterns correlate with particular changes i

44、n diet.nMedical evidence shows that smoking and lung cancer are closely correlated.n把理論與實(shí)踐聯(lián)系起來to correlate the theory with practice48Language Studybe poised to (do) (L.57): be ready to take action at any moment nThe automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.It is reported t

45、hat U.S. forces are poised to attack Iraq.49Language Studymount (L.65): （1）fix sth. in position for use, display or study; put sth. into place on a supportnThese devices are mounted in the vehicle to alert driver to an impending hazard.（2）increase; go upnThe death toll continues to mount.nMy debts w

46、ere mounting up. （3）to get on a bicycle, horse, etc. in order to ride it nHe mounted the bicycle and rode away.他騎上自行車跑開了。50Language Studybunch (L.71)(1) v. group together (both active and passive)nThey bunched together to allow others to squeeze into the crowded elevator.n我們聚在火爐周圍取暖。We were bunched

47、around the fire for warmth.51 drastic: (a.) strong, sudden, and often severe. After the computer revolution, we can see a drastic change occur in the automobile industry. Drastic measures will have to be taken to restore order. 為恢復(fù)秩序必須采取嚴(yán)厲措施。為恢復(fù)秩序必須采取嚴(yán)厲措施。(ad.) drastically The size of the army was d

48、rastically cut.Services have been drastically reduced. 服務(wù)極劇減少了。服務(wù)極劇減少了。 5215. boon (L69): (n.) sth that is very useful and makes your life a lot easier or betternThe new software will prove a boon to home computer users.nTorontos loss is a boon to the other candidate cities hoping to host the 2012 S

49、ummer Olympics.nboon companion: (literary) a close friend535417. incorporate (v.) to include sth. so that it forms a part of sth.n incorporate sth. (in/into/within) sth.n Many of your suggestions have been incorporated in the plan.nWe have incorporated all the latest safety features into the design.

50、n(adj.) incorporatedn(n.) incorporation55n18. monotonous: (adj.) dull and never changing or varying ;constant and boring單調(diào)單調(diào)的，一成不變的的，一成不變的n The preachers monotonous voice put me to sleep.n19. hypnotic (adj.) of or producing hypnosis(催眠狀態(tài)催眠狀態(tài)) or a similar condition 催眠催眠的；有催眠作用的的；有催眠作用的56n23. vibrate

51、 (v.) 1)（cause to) move rapidly and continuously backwards and forwards ; shake.)使振動(dòng)，使使振動(dòng)，使搖擺搖擺n The whole house vibrates whenever a heavy lorry passes. 2) (cause to) resound or quiver with rapid slight variations of pitch振動(dòng)出聲或發(fā)顫音振動(dòng)出聲或發(fā)顫音n His voice vibrated with passion.他激動(dòng)得聲他激動(dòng)得聲音發(fā)顫。音發(fā)顫。57n24.corr

52、elate vt. 相關(guān)影響或相互關(guān)聯(lián)相關(guān)影響或相互關(guān)聯(lián)nFrequency of illness often correlates with age. 發(fā)病率往往與年齡大小有關(guān)。發(fā)病率往往與年齡大小有關(guān)。ncorrelate with 表示兩者相互依存表示兩者相互依存58n25.navigation (n.)導(dǎo)航；領(lǐng)航導(dǎo)航；領(lǐng)航 an expert in navigation 導(dǎo)航專家導(dǎo)航專家navigational (adj.)導(dǎo)航的，領(lǐng)航的導(dǎo)航的，領(lǐng)航的 navigational aids 導(dǎo)航器材導(dǎo)航器材n26. capability 能力，才能能力，才能 Age affects th

53、e range of a persons capability. 年齡影響著一個(gè)人能力的大小。年齡影響著一個(gè)人能力的大小。 （國(guó)家的）軍事力量，軍事武器（國(guó)家的）軍事力量，軍事武器 Britains nuclear capability 英國(guó)的核力量英國(guó)的核力量nCf. capacity 59n27. rotate v.n使旋轉(zhuǎn)，使轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)使旋轉(zhuǎn)，使轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) Rotate the wheel through 180 degrees. 將方向盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)將方向盤轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)180度。度。n人員輪換，輪值人員輪換，輪值 When I joined the company, I rotated around the di

54、fferent sections. 我加入這個(gè)公司時(shí)，輪換過幾個(gè)不同的部門。我加入這個(gè)公司時(shí)，輪換過幾個(gè)不同的部門。nrotation n. 旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；輪換，交替旋轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；輪換，交替nrotational adj. 旋轉(zhuǎn)的，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)的，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的60Phrases Phrases 1. turn (sth.) into/become a reality 使成為現(xiàn)實(shí)nThe plan will soon be turned into a reality. nWorking at home and communicating with fellow workers via their PCs h

55、as become a reality. 2. rank as among :rank as one of 位居其中nThe automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries. nTodays match ranks as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played . 613. In the air 空氣中,在空中,懸而未決nIts in the air that they may get divorced

56、.據(jù)說他們可能離婚. 4. Start up 發(fā)動(dòng),啟動(dòng),開始nWe couldnt start the car up.那輛車我們發(fā)動(dòng)不起來.62n5. get/be stuck in sth(Para.7)n I am afraid I cant make it on time Im stuck in the traffic. 6. take control of 控制n Jack took control of the business after his father died.n 杰克在父親去世后接管了生意。n“telematics” (L62): abbreviation Exercise P49 Word FormationAbbreviationInitialismWTO, WHOAcronymNATO, APEC, AIDSClippingAd, lab, mathBlendingSmog, motel647. as well 也，又nI am afraid this dress i