知識點(diǎn)梳理及單元復(fù)習(xí)

1、1. 單元重點(diǎn)短語歸納：have/has been to曾經(jīng)去某地；have/has been in+地點(diǎn) 待在某地；me neither.我也沒；have/has gone to去某地了；somewhere different不同的地方；close to貼近,鄰近；encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事；thousands of 數(shù)以千計的,許許多多的；on the one hand.on the other hand一方面.另一方面.；put up搭建,舉起,張貼；take the subway乘地鐵；three quarters四分之三；practice doin

2、g sth. 練習(xí)做某事；have problem doing sth. 做某事遇到困難；2. Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾經(jīng)去過科學(xué)博物館嗎？【重點(diǎn)】【辨析】have/has been to；have / has gone to ；have/ has been in；(1). have/ has been to 表示“某人曾經(jīng)去過某地”強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，不在那里了。E.g.: We have been to Qingdao. 我們?nèi)ミ^青島。(現(xiàn)在不在青島)(2). have gone to表示“某人到某地去了”，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還沒有回來，可

3、能在那里或途中。E.g.: They have gone to Sydney. 他們?nèi)ハつ崃恕?現(xiàn)在在悉尼或途中)(3). have been in +地點(diǎn)：表示“某人在某地待了很長時間”，常與時間段搭配。E.g.: I have been in Nanchang for three years. 我在南昌待了3年了。 How long have you been in China? 你在中國待了多長時間？3. 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的用法比較 【重點(diǎn)】&【難點(diǎn)】 (1). 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)只是陳述一件過去的事情，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在

4、產(chǎn)生的影響。 E.g.: He visited Guilin in 1998. 在1998年他參觀過桂林。(只說明去桂林的時間) (2). 現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不能與確定的過去時間狀語連用。E.g.: Jill has bought a new computer. 吉爾買了一臺新電腦。 I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒教學(xué)已經(jīng)15年了。 I have seen the film. 我看過這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容)I saw the film last week. 我上周看了這部電影。(只說明上周

5、看了這部電影)【典型例題】Julie's father_ to London last month. He _ there three times.【2013連云港】 A. went; had gone   B. has gone: has been  C. went; has been   D. has been;&#

6、160;had gone -Have you ever _ Boyang Lake? - Yes. I _ there last month. Its quite beautiful. A. gone to;went B.been to;went C.been to; goJackson _ school two years ago and he _ for two years. 【2013 烏魯木齊】 A. leaves; has gone B. left; has been away C. leaves; has been away D. left; has gone4. Me

7、neither 我也沒有?！窘馕觥吭谟⒄Z中，表示“也”的知識歸納如下： 主語 + neitherA. 否定句中的“也” neither +助動詞/be + 主語 完整的否定句后加either，但要加逗號隔開。E.g.:-He didnt go to school. 他沒有去上學(xué)。 -Me neither. / Neither did I. / I didnt go to school, either. 我也沒有去。 主語 + too B.肯定句中的“也” so +助動詞/be+ 主語 完整的肯定句后加too，且要用逗號隔開。E.g.: -He is a good student. 他是一名好學(xué)

8、生。 -Me too. / So am I. / Im a good student, too. 我也是。5. Its really interesting, isnt it?【反意疑問句】(一)、定義：即附加疑問句。表示提問人的看法,沒有把握,需要對方證實(shí)。 (二)、結(jié)構(gòu)： 陳述句 + 附加疑問句？ E.g.: Its hot today ,isnt it ? (三)、原則： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯； 2.前名后代；3.時態(tài)一致 E.g.: They work hard, dont they?(四)、做題方法(1). 找動詞 如果句中有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、be動詞，反意疑問句中也相應(yīng)的用助動詞

9、、情態(tài)動詞、be動詞。E.g.: He is a student, isnt he? 如果句中沒有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、be動詞，只有實(shí)義動詞時，就要借助助動詞。 E.g.: She often gets up at 6:30 every morning, doesnt she?(2). 判斷句子是肯定還是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯” The students have planted many trees, havent they?(3).反意疑問句的主語必須轉(zhuǎn)換成人稱代詞主格。E.g.: The boy cant swim, can he ?【注意】(1). Lets 中的us 包括對方，反意

10、疑問句用 shall we (2). Let us 不包括對方, 反意疑問句用will you6. Lets go somewhere different today. 咱們今天去個不同的地方吧?！窘馕觥啃稳菰~修飾不定代詞/副詞，放在不定代詞之后?！咀ⅰ縮omewhere 表達(dá)地點(diǎn)時，前面不用介詞。 E.g.: Go and paly somewhere else.不定副詞：somewhere , anywhere, nowhere 不定副詞被定語修飾時，定語必須放在其后；e.g.: somewhere warm暖和的地方7. They are going to take the subway

11、. 他們打算乘地鐵?！窘馕觥?take (took , taken) v 乘， 坐， 搭（車，船）take the/a +交通工具+to +地點(diǎn)“乘坐” (放于句中) 動詞短語在句中做謂語 take the subway 乘地鐵 take the train 乘火車 take the bus 乘公共汽車 take the taxi 打的8.We put up a tent and cooked outside. 我們搭起帳篷，在戶外做飯?！窘馕觥縫ut up 搭起；舉起；張貼【短語】：put away 把收起來 put on 穿上 put up 張貼，put out 熄滅 putinto 把放

12、進(jìn) put down 放下【典型例題】 Peter has never been to a water park. _. 【2012山東棗莊】 A. I havent neither B. I havent too C. Me too D. Me neitherI have never been to Hawaii. What about Mike? 【2012 達(dá)州】 . A. So has he B. So he does C. Neither he has D. Neither has he I dont want to go _. A. somewhere cold B. cold s

13、omewhere C. anywhere cold D. cold anywhere Where would you like to go on vacation, Lily?【2012涼山】 Its hot here. Id like to go _. A. Anywhere cool B.cool somewhere C.somewhere coolYour school is very beautiful, _?【2013永州】 A.isnt it B.is it C.is your school-Excuse me, Sir. But smoking is not allowed he

14、re. 【2012江蘇連云港】 -Sorry, I didnt see the sign. Ill my cigarette at once. A. put out B. put away C. put up D. put off9. It also encourage governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. (博物館)并且鼓勵政府和社會團(tuán)體來考慮一下未來改進(jìn)廁所的方法?！窘馕觥?encourage sb. to do sth 鼓勵某人做某事 encourage sb

15、. in sth 在某方面鼓勵某人10. Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way! 真是難以置信，科技發(fā)展的竟然如此迅速。 【解析】progress v進(jìn)步；進(jìn)展； n(不可數(shù)n) make progress 取得進(jìn)步 make progress in 在.方面 取得進(jìn)步E.g.: I have made much progress in English.11. 反身代詞 一、二人稱的反身代詞構(gòu)成:形容詞性物主代詞+self/selves構(gòu)成； 第三人稱的反身代詞構(gòu)成:第三人稱賓格+self/sel

16、ves、 反身代詞的常見搭配： enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高興；by oneself =alone獨(dú)自； teach oneself=learn by oneself自學(xué)；help oneself to隨便吃；hurt oneself傷到自己； introduce oneself to 自我介紹；look after oneself 照顧自己；say to oneself自言自語； lose oneself in 沉迷于；dress oneself給某人自己穿衣服；12. And have you ever heard (hear) o

17、f a Disney Cruise? 你聽說過迪士尼油輪嗎？【解析】hear of 聽說【辨析】listen to/hear(1) listen/listen to 聽，側(cè)重聽的“過程”； (2)hear 聽，側(cè)重聽的“結(jié)果”(3). hear sb. do sth 聽見某人做某事 e.g.: I often hear him sing in the room. hear sb. doing sth 聽見某人正在做某事 e.g.: I hear him singing in the room(4). hear of/about 聽說; hear from =receive a letter f

18、rom sb. 收到某人的來信 E.g.: Im sorry to hear that.聽到這件事我很難過(指聽到別人不幸的消息時的用語)【典型例題】Jessicas parents always encourage her _ out her opinions. 【2013遼寧鞍山】 A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speakNo matter how difficult things seem to be, you should say to _ “Never mind!” A positive attitude is the key to

19、 success. 【2013黑龍江哈爾濱】 A. themselves B. ourselves C. yourselvesHe _but could _ nothing. A .heard ; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heardHow often do you_ your sister? Ahear B. hear of C. hear from D .hear about13. thousands of 數(shù)以千記的；許許多多的 用法：(1)當(dāng)hundred/thousand/million 前面有具體的數(shù)字時，用單數(shù)形式; (2)當(dāng)hu

20、ndred/thousand/million 后與of 連用時用復(fù)數(shù)形式。14. 分?jǐn)?shù)詞的表達(dá)法 【重點(diǎn)】(1).結(jié)構(gòu): .分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞. 分子（基數(shù)詞） 1 分母（序數(shù)詞） 4 =one fourth = one quarter .當(dāng)分子大于1時,分母為序數(shù)詞加s. ¾ = three fourths = three quarters (2).注意: 分?jǐn)?shù)詞的幾種特殊形式. 1/3one third = a third 1/4one fourth = a quarter 1/2one second = a half 3/4three fourths = three q

21、uarters (3). 分?jǐn)?shù)詞作主語時, 謂語動詞根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)詞后面的名詞來確定. 不可數(shù)名詞 +動詞單三形式分?jǐn)?shù) + of + 可數(shù)名詞 + 動詞變復(fù)數(shù)形式15. You wont have any problem getting rice, noodles or dumplings. 你將會毫不費(fèi)力的找到米飯、面條或餃子?！窘馕觥縃ave problems (in) doing sth. 意為“做某事遇到困難或麻煩”，也可用have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth./ with sth. E.g.: They had problems in getting

22、 here. 他們到達(dá)這兒有困難。 16. This is because the island is so close to the equator. 這是因?yàn)檫@個島離赤道很近。【解析】 close adj. 離.近，與.親近的(1) v 關(guān)（反） open closed  adj. 關(guān)的(2) adj.密切的 be close to E.g.: My home is close to the school.(3) adv. 接近地 靠近地 E.g.: Today I come close to be late.【典型例題】The number of the cars in our

23、 neighborhood is about eight _, and _ of them are new cars. 【2013 齊齊哈爾】 A. hundred; two thirds B. hundred; two third C. hundreds; two thirds D. hundreds; two thirdThe number of the students in our grade _ about _ . of them are girls. A. are, six hundreds ; Two thirds B. is, six hundred; Two third C.

24、 is , six hundred; Two thirds D. are; six hundred; Two thirdIts said that _ of the water around the world _ polluted. 【2013黃石】 A. two third; has B. two thirds; have C. two third; are D. two thirds; isI have great_ in learning math and I am so worried. 【2012 齊齊哈爾】 A. trouble B. interest C. fun Mike hurt his arm the day before yesterday. Now hes in hospital. _. A. Im sorry to hear that B. Thats all right. C.I hope youll feel better soon.【單元考例綜合】1. I know a little about Thailand, as I there three years ago. 【2013山東濱州】 A. have been B. have gone C. will g