四川省中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)聚焦賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)課件

1、四川省四川省英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)第第3333講賓語(yǔ)從句講賓語(yǔ)從句中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句考查的重點(diǎn)是引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序。高頻考向一賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用that，在口語(yǔ)中that可以省略。如：We believe(that)he is honest.我們相信他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。如果賓語(yǔ)從句由一般疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)，其引導(dǎo)詞用if或whether。一般情況下，二者可以通用，但從句中有or not或從句充當(dāng)介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether。如：I dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否將來(lái)這兒。Sorry，I dont know whether he w

2、ill come or not.對(duì)不起，我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞就是特殊疑問(wèn)詞。如：Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告訴我郵局在哪里嗎？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老師問(wèn)學(xué)生他們正在做什么?！纠?】Im waiting for the mail.Do you know _ it will arrive?Usually it comes by 4：00 pm.(2015，青島)Ahow BwhereCwhenDwhat解析：how意為“怎

3、樣”；where意為“在哪里”；when意為“什么時(shí)候”；what意為“什么”。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，空格所在句是含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，此處缺少引導(dǎo)詞，由答句句意“通常在下午4點(diǎn)之前來(lái)?！笨赏浦瑔?wèn)句句意為“你知道它什么時(shí)候到嗎？”。答案：_C_【例2】 Do you know _ Deng Chao is?He is an actor.He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man now.(2015，連云港)Awhich Bwhen Cwhat Dhow解析：which“哪一個(gè)，哪一些”，詢(xún)問(wèn)人或物；when“什么時(shí)候

4、”，詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間；what“什么”，詢(xún)問(wèn)事物或職業(yè)；how“怎樣；怎么”，詢(xún)問(wèn)方式或感受等。由答語(yǔ)He is an actor.可知問(wèn)句詢(xún)問(wèn)的是職業(yè)。答案：_C_高頻考向二賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是由主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定的，一般有下面幾種情況：主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)具體的情況用相應(yīng)的任何時(shí)態(tài)。如：He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他說(shuō)他將叫胡先生給吉姆一些工作。主句的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一時(shí)態(tài)。如：She said she mis

5、sed us very much.她說(shuō)她非常想念我們。從句表示的是客觀真理、普遍真理、自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)一律使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他說(shuō)太陽(yáng)比地球大?！纠?】 Could you tell me _ the Space Museum?Sure，next Monday.Awhen we visited Bwhen did we visitCwhen we will visit Dwhen will we visit解析：由答語(yǔ)next Monday(下周一)可知，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)

6、；賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。答案：_C_【例4】 Can you tell me _ the prize，Tom?Last year.Awhen you got Bwhen did you getCwhen will you get Dwhen you will get解析：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序須是陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B、C項(xiàng)；由答句last year可知從句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：_A高頻考向三賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“引導(dǎo)詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火車(chē)是什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的。注意：有些特殊疑

7、問(wèn)句本身是陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：Whats wrong with？Which is the way to？What happened to you？Whats the matter/trouble？Who studies the hardest in your class?do you think后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)詞即引導(dǎo)詞要前置，do you think作為插入語(yǔ)。如：Who do you think he is talking with？你認(rèn)為他正在和誰(shuí)交談？由do，does，did構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句，在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要去掉do，does，did，且從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)作出相應(yīng)的變

8、化。如：“Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him.The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.這個(gè)音樂(lè)老師想知道他唱得是否很好。如果是will，be，have，can組成的疑問(wèn)句，在變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要把這些詞還原到句中原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)位置上，并根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。如：“Will you be free tomorrow？” She asked me.She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她問(wèn)我明天是否是空閑的?！纠?】

9、 Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.Thanks.I wonder _.Awho the letter was fromBwho was from the letterCwho was the letter fromDwho from the letter was解析：賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，即be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)放在主語(yǔ)后，在此賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是the letter，謂語(yǔ)was from應(yīng)放在主語(yǔ)后，故排除選項(xiàng)B和C；選項(xiàng)D將from置于主語(yǔ)前，是錯(cuò)誤的。句意為“嗨，布魯斯。這兒有你的一封信。”“謝謝。我想知道這封信是誰(shuí)寄來(lái)的。”答案：_A【例6】

10、Can you tell me _ this morning?Sorry，Ive no idea.Awhy didnt Daming come to schoolBwhy Daming didnt come to schoolCwhy doesnt Daming come to schoolDwhy Daming doesnt come to school解析：由this morning可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。答案：_B高頻考向四賓語(yǔ)從句的否定前移在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等時(shí)，

11、如果主句為I或we時(shí)，從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不會(huì)來(lái)。【注意】如果主句主語(yǔ)不是I或we，則not不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她認(rèn)為她不能按時(shí)到那兒?！纠?】 翻譯：我認(rèn)為明天不會(huì)下雨。_I dont think it will rain tomorrow.高頻考向五賓語(yǔ)從句的轉(zhuǎn)化當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope，wish，decide等時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為不定式

12、結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次見(jiàn)到你。當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know，remember，forget，learn等時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道該說(shuō)什么。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask，tell，show，teach等，且賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”或“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Mr.Hu tells us tha

13、t we shouldnt draw on the wall.Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老師告訴我們不應(yīng)該在墻上畫(huà)畫(huà)。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps?Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？請(qǐng)告訴我在哪兒能買(mǎi)到郵票？有些賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，常用動(dòng)詞find，think，make。如：I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.I think it necessary for us to learn to wait.I find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl.由what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為定語(yǔ)從句。如：We did what we could to help you.We did everything (that) we could to help you.Robert saw what Mr.Smith did.Robert saw everything (that) Mr. Smith did.【例8】 將下