高中英語人教必修知識點匯總

1、必修1Unit1核心單詞1. addvt.& vi. 增加；加；加起來；補充說； 又說常用結構：add to增添；增加；增進 add .to .把增添到 add up合計，相加 add up to總數(shù)為；總計為He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。2. upsetadj. 心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt. ( upset, upset) 使不安；使心煩；打翻；打亂聯(lián)想拓展be upset by.被 打亂 upset oneself about sth.為某事煩惱Our arrangements for the wee

2、kend were upset by her visit. He was horribly upset over her illness. 她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。 Dont upset yourself no harm has been done. The students really upset her.不要難過并沒有造成任何傷害。 學生們著實讓她煩惱。3. ignorevt. 不理睬；忽視I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely. He ignored the speed limit and d

3、rove very fast.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。 他不顧時速限制，把車開得飛快。聯(lián)想拓展ignorant adj. (對某事物）不了解的；無知的；無學識的 be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；沒有意識到ignorance n.無知；愚昧；不知道 be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事 易混辨析ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。neglect 側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。4. concernn. U關心，擔

4、心，擔憂；C有利害關系的事 vt. 涉及，關系到，參與；使擔心聯(lián)想拓展concerning prep. 關于 concerned adj.有關的；擔心的 concern sb.與某人有關be concerned with sth.牽涉，與有關；參與 concern oneself with 關心be concerned about/for/over sth.擔心；關心某事 as/so far as . be concerned關于；至于；就而言As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want. I was very concerned

5、 about my mothers illness.就我而言，你什么時候走都行。 我很擔心母親的病情。We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我們讀了關于天外來客的故事。5. settlevi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解決Both wanted to settle their scores.雙方都愿意盡棄前嫌。常用結構：settle down 鎮(zhèn)定下來 settle in 在定居He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。

6、The family has settled in Canada.這家人已定居加拿大。6. suffervt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受vi.后接from/for意為“受之苦”，“患疾病”常用結構：suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打擊/失敗/損失/痛苦He suffered hard pains from the accident. Do you suffer from headaches? 你經常頭痛嗎?他忍受著事故帶來的痛苦。 Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。聯(lián)想拓展sufferer n. 受苦者

7、，受難者 suffering n.痛苦，苦難 重點短語7. go through 8. get sth.done經歷；經受；檢查；瀏覽；用完；做完 讓別人做某事/使得某事被做The country has gone through too many wars. done是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與have sth. done用法一樣。這個國家經歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭。 get sb./sth. doing使某人/某事物起來Shes gone through a bad patch recently. get sb. to do sth.使/讓某人做某事她最近經歷了一段困難時期。 get done （狀態(tài)

8、的改變）get作系動詞，相當于beHave you gone through all your money already? get away逃脫；離開你把所有的錢都花完了嗎？ get back回來；取回I went through the students papers last night. get by維持生活；通過昨晚我仔細閱讀了學生的試卷。 get down to sth./doing sth.開始認真做某事 聯(lián)想拓展 get in進站；到達；收集go after追求；追趕 get off下來；下車go ahead 前進；請說（做）吧 get on上車；進展；進步go by走過；（時

9、間）過去 get cross(對)生氣，發(fā)脾氣go along with向前；（與.)一起去 get in ones way擋路，妨礙 go in for愛好；從事 get used to doing sth.習慣做某事 go out 外出；（燈，火）熄滅 get involved in涉及 go over 越過；復習 get in touch with和取得聯(lián)系go through with 做完；完成 get it了解，懂得，明白go up 爬上；（價格等）上升9. set down 放下；記下；登記Passengers may be set down and picked up only

10、 at the official stops.乘客只有在正式車站方可上下車。聯(lián)想拓展 溫馨提示set about (doing sth.) 著手（做某事） set about 和set out都可作“開始/著手做某事”講，set out (to do sth.)開始，著手(做某事) 但set about 后加doing sth.， 而set out后加 to do sth.。set aside留出；不顧set back（把鐘等）往回撥；推遲set free釋放；解放set off動身，出發(fā)（去某地）；使爆炸set out動身，出發(fā)；安排，組織set up開辦；建立；設立set an examp

11、le to樹立榜樣set fire to .= set . on fire縱火燒be set in以為背景The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天氣惡劣，建筑計劃延誤了好幾個星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我們得著手尋找一個解決辦法。10. on purpose 故意The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。聯(lián)

12、想拓展purpose n. 目的，用途；目標；重要意義 for the purpose of 為了to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒勞The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.這本書的目的是全面介紹這所大學。11. join in 參加；加入They didnt have enough time to join in the activity.他們沒有足夠的時間來參加這個活動。聯(lián)想拓展join sb. in sth.與某人一起做某事 join up入伍；參軍join up

13、 with sb.與某人聯(lián)合；會合 join hands with sb.與某人拉起手來；合伙；聯(lián)合Will you join me in a walk? Let us join hands in friendship. 你愿意和我一起散步嗎？ 讓我們攜手共建友誼吧。易混辨析join in/join/take part in/attendjoin in 參加正在進行著的活動。如游戲、討論、辯論、談話等。join 參加某組織或團體，并成為其中一員;來和某人待在一起。take part in 參加會議或有組織的群眾性活動，并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。attend 正式用語，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮

14、、上課、上學、聽報告等，句子的主語是去聽去看，自己不一定起積極作用，相當于be present。重點句型12. .but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.但是你的朋友不把自行車弄干凈不能走。not . until 意為“直到才”，表示主句謂語的動作直到until狀語的時間才發(fā)生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始。until引導從句時，如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動作，則主句用肯定式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞，則用否定形式。“It is/was not until+被強調的部分+that

15、 .”相當于“Not until . did (does, do, is .)+主語 .”意為“直到才”，是強調形式。You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal. 體溫正常后，你才能起床。He didnt leave until the meeting was over. 直到會議結束他才離開。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark gla

16、sses did I realize she was a film star. =I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 直到她摘下墨鏡我才認出她是一位電影明星。13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的時候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被車撞了。while walking the dog是連詞while加現(xiàn)在分詞短語結構，強調分詞的動作正在發(fā)生，相

17、當于while you were walking the dog。在時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致，謂語含有系動詞be，可以省略從句的主語和系動詞be。 When crossing the street, you should be careful. 過馬路時，你應當小心。If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受熱，水會變成蒸氣。溫馨提示在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語為it時，也可以將it和助動詞be省略。Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the th

18、ree questions.可能的話，他們就讓他停下問他這三個問題。14. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。此句中的its .that是強調句型。關于強調句型，我們需要掌握以下幾點：（1）強調句型的基本結構：“It is/was+被強調的成分+that/who+其他成分”用來強調主語、賓

19、語和狀語等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當被強調部分為sb.作賓語時，可用who,也可用that,其他情況一律用that。強調主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強調的主語在人稱與數(shù)上保持一致。（2）特殊句式中的強調句型：如果強調的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底”、“究竟”等語氣時，就用如下結構：“特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+該句的其余部分”，that/who后只能使用陳述語序。在“not .until”結構中，由until所引導的短語（或從句）作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調句型：“It+is/was+not until .+that+該句的其余部分

20、”，that所引導的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。（3）強調句型要注意和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時所構成的各種句型的區(qū)別。判斷是否是強調句，可采用“還原法”。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整，則是強調句，否則不是。It was three oclock when I got home.我到家的時候三點。It was at three oclock that I got home.三點鐘我到的家。It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。（強調句）It was this town where/in whi

21、ch he was brought up.這是他被撫養(yǎng)長大的城鎮(zhèn)。（定語從句）（4）英語中常用助動詞do, does或did強調謂語。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didnt find you. 他昨天確實去了機場，但他沒有找到你。It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。When is it that we will have a meeting?我們什么時候開會？15. I don't want to set down a series of f

22、acts in a diary as most people do .我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬as引導的從句為比較狀語從句，意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。as 用作連詞，可引導下列狀語從句：引導時間狀語從句，強調主句謂語與從句謂語的同時性；引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝）；引導方式狀語從句，表示“以方式”；引導原因狀語從句 (=since; because)，意為“由于，因為”；引導比較狀語從句。As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.隨著他年紀越來越大，他失去了對所有事物

23、的興趣，除了園藝。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.盡管天氣冷，我哥哥只穿了一件襯衫。Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to?為什么你沒有按我說的來服這種藥？As you were not there, I left a message.因為當時你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。16. .it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the

24、night face to face .這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚如果前面是“it (will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that .”句式，表示“某人第幾次做某事”。其中,that引導的是定語從句，后面句子的時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果前面是it (would be)was ., 后面則用過去完成時。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai. 這是我第一次來珠海。It was the second time that she had visit

25、ed London.那是她第二次游覽倫敦。溫馨提示如果time前有l(wèi)ast修飾，此時我們一般不用完成時態(tài)。注意：the first time可起從屬連詞的作用，引導時間狀語從句；for the first time意為“第一次”單獨用作狀語。This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。 Unit 2核心單詞1. commandn. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名軍官命令士兵們開火。A general is a

26、 man who commands a large number of soldiers.將軍是統(tǒng)率眾多士兵的人。常用結構：at/ by sbs command 聽某人支配 take command of 控制in command of 指揮著 under ones command 由某人的指揮under the command of sb. 在某人的指揮下 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command (=order) that . 命令（從句用虛擬語氣，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）聯(lián)想拓展commander n. 指揮官 2. reque

27、stvt.&n. 請求；懇求；要求常用結構：request sb. to do sth.請求某人做某事request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物request that sb. (should) do sth.要求某人做某事make a request/requests 發(fā)出請求at the request of sb.at sb.s request依照某人的請求易混辨析 request/demand/requirerequest表示“有禮貌的請求；正式的請求”。demand表示“有正當權利的要求”，因此含有“堅決或強烈要求”的意思。require表示“要求所必須

28、的東西；法律、協(xié)定、規(guī)章以及其他客觀情況的要求”。但它們也有不同之處：Page No.47require和request都可以接賓語+to do sth.結構，而demand沒有此種用法。但可以說demand of sb. to do sth.require+動名詞時，主動形式的動名詞具有被動意義，而demand，request無此種用法。They are demanding higher wages. 他們要求提高工資。 Do you require anything else? 你還要求（需要）別的嗎？ Many people have requested this next song.許

29、多人要求聽下面這首歌。They required me to keep silent. 他們要求我保持沉默。The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks. 這封信要求我們六周內搬出這所房子。溫馨提示以上三個詞的共同點是：從語法上看，request和demand，require都可以接that引導的賓語從句，并且在從句中要使用虛擬語氣。 3. recognizevt. 辨認出；承認；公認常用結構：recognize sb. 認出某人recognize ones voice聽出某人的聲音recognize . as . 認定

30、；承認為recognize sb./sth. . to be .認為某人/某事物是recognize that .承認When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately. 當他從車站里走出來時，我立刻認出了他。Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承認他為合法繼承人。4. directionn. C 方向；方面;U指導；指揮常用結構：in the direction of 朝的方向(=towards)in sbs dir

31、ection 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)under ones direction 在指導下(=under the direction of sb.)Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another. 湯姆往一個方向走，杰克往另外一個方向走。Reforms are needed in many directions. 許多方面都需要改革。He is walking in the direction of the police station. 他正朝警察局的方向走去。He glanced in her direction and t

32、heir eyes met.他朝她這個方向一看，倆人的眼睛相遇了。The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee. 合唱團由李先生指揮。溫馨提示direction意為“指示；指引；用法說明”等，通常要用復數(shù)形式。注意：表示郵件上的“姓名地址”時，也用復數(shù)形式。Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.請按藥瓶上的說明服藥。 重點短語5. more than one意為“不止一個”，雖然在意義上表示復數(shù)，但作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，與many a(許多)用法一樣；如果more修飾復數(shù)可

33、數(shù)名詞再跟than one作主語時，其謂語動詞則要用復數(shù)。More than one member has protested against the proposal. 不止一個成員反對這個建議。More than one person has been concerned in this.這里面涉及的不僅是一個人。More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不僅僅是一個人。聯(lián)想拓展“more than+ adj.”意為“很；非常”。在“more . than .”中，肯定“more”后面的，而否定“than”后面的，意為“是而不是”或者“與其不如

34、”?！癿ore than . can/could”是英語里的一個常見結構，可把more than理解為not,表示否定，該結構意為“非所能；是所不能；不是所能”。more often than not 經常；往往In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科學實驗時，對待儀器必須非常小心才行。If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry. 如果你把所做的事

35、情告訴你父親，他會非常生氣的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.與其說凱瑟琳聰明，不如說她勤奮。 6. because of 因為；由于是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞及what從句。She got hurt because of what youd said.她因為你的話而受到傷害。due to 意為“由于”常作表語，也作后置定語和狀語。thanks to意為“多虧；由于”只作狀語。owing to意為“由于”常作狀語。as a result of意為“由于”作狀語。易混辨析 because/as/since/forbecause表示直

36、接原因，語氣最強?；卮饂hy提出的問題只能用because。在強調句型中，也只能用because。as用于解釋做某事的原因，語氣較弱，通常位于主句前。since表示的原因是指人們已知的事實，常意為“既然”。語氣比because弱，但比as強。通常位于主句前，并常與as換用。for并列連詞，連接并列分句，表示一種補充說明，是推測或判斷的理由，語氣較弱，不可位于主句前。有時可表示直接原因，相當于because。 7. come up走近；上來；提出The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the poli

37、ce station.小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。We wont forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.我們不會忘記一同在泰山頂看日出的那天。It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.這個問題在會議上一定會被提出來的。The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.雪蓮花剛剛開始長出地面。I am afraid something urgent has c

38、ome up.恐怕發(fā)生了什么急事。聯(lián)想拓展come true 變成現(xiàn)實，成為現(xiàn)實 come across 邂逅come about 發(fā)生 come at 向撲來,攻擊come from來自 come out出版;開花；結果是come up with 想出 come round繞道而來；蘇醒come down 落下,塌下 come over（從遠處）來到；橫過come into use開始使用 how come .?(表示理解)怎么回事？when it comes to sth.當涉及某事時How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in

39、 pairs?她在巴黎待了5年，但她的法語怎么這么糟糕。When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.一涉及到做事，他便不中用了。8. such as 例如；像這樣的易混辨析 such as/for example/that is/and so onsuch as用來列舉事物。通常插在被舉例的帶有解釋性質的事物與前面的需要進行解釋的名詞之間，意為“比如；諸如之類的”，可與 like 互換，as 后不能有逗號。for example同for instance一樣起到補充說明的作用，表明在眾多的內容中僅取一兩個例子，可放在舉例之前或之后，意

40、為“例如，舉個例子”。that is 是后面列舉的事物的總量等于它前面所提到的總和，相當于namely。也用that is to say。and so on 對幾個事物進行列舉時，在說了其中的幾個以后，用and so on進行概括，說明還有例子，但不一一列出。Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.男孩子喜歡打球，比如足球和籃球。Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country. 有些學生，如李軍，住在農村。I have three good friends,

41、 that is, John, Jack and Tom.我有三個好朋友，即約翰、杰克和湯姆。There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.我的書包里有書、筆、橡皮等。 9. play a part (in) 扮演一個角色；參與She plays an active part in local politics.她積極參與地方政治活動。She played a major part in the success of the scheme.她對該計劃的成功起了重要作用。聯(lián)想拓展take part (in sth.)參加, 參與（

42、某事）the best part of sth.（某事物的）絕大部分（尤指一段時間）for the most part整體上; 通常; 多半for my part就我來說重點句型10. Which country do you think has the most English learners? 你覺得學英語最多的是哪個國家？do you think/believe/expect/find/know/suppose 作為插入語，放在特殊疑問詞后，其他內容緊跟其后并用陳述語序。 What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？你希望我

43、們幾點來接你？What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？你認為他聽到那個好消息后會做什么呢？Why do you think their team could win the football match?你認為他們隊為什么能贏得那場足球賽呢？11. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標準英語。believe it or not在句中用作插入語，意為“信不信由你；我說的是真的”。聯(lián)想拓

44、展常用作插入語的還有：generally speaking一般來說 frankly speaking坦白地說judging from .從來判斷 to tell you the truth說真的；老實說to be honest說實在的 to make matters worse更糟糕的是聯(lián)想拓展no such.as沒有這樣的 such as例如such.as.像這樣的 such.that.這樣以至于易混辨析 such . that . /such . as .在such . that .結構中，that是從屬連詞，引導結果狀語從句，在從句中不作成分。Page No.68在such . as .

45、結構中，as是關系代詞，引導定語從句，在從句中常作賓語。He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week. 他在讀的書和你上周從圖書館借來的一樣。（ as是關系代詞，引導定語從句）He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it. 他在讀的書這么有趣，我想借來讀讀。（that引導結果狀語從句） Unit 3核心單詞1. persuadevt.說服；勸服；使相信(同convince)常用結構：persuade sb. of sth.

46、 使某人相信某事persuade sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事persuade sb. out of doing sth. 說服某人不要做某事persuade sb. that-clause 使某人相信聯(lián)想拓展talk sb. into/out of doing sth.=reason sb. into/out of doing sth.說服某人做/不做某事trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 誘使某人做/不做某事urge sb. into/out of doing sth. 慫

47、恿某人做/不做某事 易混辨析 advise/persuadeadvise 強調“勸告，建議”的動作，不注重結果；而persuade強調“已經說服”，重在結果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作賓語，也可以接that-clause （that sb. should do）,而persuade則不能。I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信這是真的。 We will persuade him to take the medicine. 我們將說服他把藥吃下去。We persuaded her into taking the job. 我們說服她接受了這份工作。

48、 I persuaded my father out of smoking.我勸服父親戒了煙。 She persuaded me that death does not end all.她說服我相信了死并不能結束一切。 He persuaded her to go to school, even though she did not want to. 即使她不想去上學，他還是說服她去了。He advised that we (should) leave early.他建議我們早點出發(fā)。 2. determine vt. (使)決定,決心要;確定常用結構：determine + n. / pro

49、n.決(確)定determine to do sth.決定做某事 (表示動作，是非延續(xù)性動詞短語)determine onupon .決定determine thatwhat .決定Page No.74determine sbto do sth.使某人決定做某事determine sb. against sth.使某人決定不做某事be determined to do sth.決心做某事 (表示狀態(tài)，可與表示時間段的狀語連用)We determine to go to the railway station at once.我們決定立刻去火車站。The court determined tha

50、t the man was guilty of assault. 法庭裁定那個人犯了侵犯人身罪。 That determined her against leaving home. 那件事使她決定不離開家了。聯(lián)想拓展determined adj. 堅決的，有決心的determination n. 決心I was determined to make it as a jazz musician. 我決定要成為一名爵士樂音樂家。 溫馨提示be determined to do與determine to do 意思基本一致，但前者表示狀態(tài)，可與某段時間狀語連用；后者表示動作，是非延續(xù)性的動詞短語。類

51、似的短語還有：prepare forbe prepared for，worry aboutbe worried about。這類結構常考查分詞作狀語的用法。3. insist v. 堅持；堅決要求You can come back later, if you insist.如果你一定要堅持，就稍后再來吧。常用結構：insist on/upon sth./(sbs) doing sth.堅持某事/要求（某人）做某事insist that .(should)堅持I still insist on my viewpoint. 我仍然堅持我的觀點。He insisted on paying for t

52、he meal. 他堅持要付飯錢。Mother insisted on our washing the clothes by ourselves. 媽媽堅決要求我們自己洗衣服。溫馨提示insist當“堅決要求”解時，后面的從句應用虛擬語氣，即謂語部分用“should+動詞原形”或直接用動詞原形；如果insist當“堅持（認為；說）”解時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣。 4. once用法較多，意思也比較豐富，既可以用作連詞，也可以用作副詞。once用作連詞時，意為“一旦就”，連接時間狀語從句，相當于as soon as。once用作副詞時，意為“曾經；一度；從前”。它是一個不確定的時間副詞，其位置一般是在行為動詞之前，系動詞之后。once用作副詞，也可意為“一次”。Once you start, you will never give up. 一旦開始了，你就不要放棄。Physics is easy to learn once you understand the rules.