《新編實用英語》Unit_3_Road_Signs_and_Commuting1

1、 1. Ask where a particular place is: in a city within a building 2. Show directions 3. Talk about means of transport to take 4. Understand and write road and office signs 1. Different feelings about traveling 2. Forming of plural nounsSection Section Section Section Read and ThinkRead and CompleteRe

2、ad and TranslateRead and SimulateRead and JudgeRead and Translate Most road signs you come across are straightforward. They tell you what to do, which direction to go in, where you are, etc., but occasionally (and usually unintentionally), road signs can be funny! Taking pictures of funny road signs

3、 while traveling is a favorite pastime for many travelers. Weve all come across these gems: a miswritten translation; an unusual warning; or an illustration that just doesnt seem right. It might be an official highway sign or something written on a shop window. All are perfect for adding to your tra

4、vel photo album and sharing with friends. And oftentimes, photographic evidence of such a sign not only makes a great souvenir, but also serves as proof for doubtful folks back home.12 Herere a few funny road signs found from various parts of the world theyre all real road signs. I hope you enjoy th

5、em and please feel free to add your own captions to the pictures. It seems that this is a real possibility around Irelands Dingle Peninsula. After all, the authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst into the sea. And that sign, pictured against an actual cliff in the backgro

6、und, makes a great travel photo.4ExercisesBack31 Explanation of Difficult Sentences1. (Para. 2) Taking pictures of funny road signs while traveling is a favorite pastime for many travelers.Analysis: 動名詞短語開頭是句子的主語。動名詞短語開頭是句子的主語。 while travelling (= while they are travelling）作為動詞的時間狀語。）作為動詞的時間狀語。Trans

7、lation:旅行過程中拍一些滑稽有趣的路牌對很多旅行者來說都是一大消遣樂事。旅行過程中拍一些滑稽有趣的路牌對很多旅行者來說都是一大消遣樂事。Example: Looking elsewhere while talking to customers is not considered good manners. 與客人說話時看其他地方是被認為是不禮貌的。與客人說話時看其他地方是被認為是不禮貌的。Back1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences2. (Para. 2) All are perfect for adding to your travel photo

8、album and sharing with friends.Analysis: For是一個介詞意為適合，以兩個動名詞短語是一個介詞意為適合，以兩個動名詞短語(adding, sharing)為對象為對象Translation:這些都完全適合添加進你的旅行相冊中與朋友分享。這些都完全適合添加進你的旅行相冊中與朋友分享。Example: The song is perfect for singing in the New Year celebration. 這首歌完全適合在新年慶祝活動中歌唱。這首歌完全適合在新年慶祝活動中歌唱。 Back3. (Para. 4) After all, the

9、authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst into the sea. Analysis: 名詞的標志是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語名詞的標志是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語 。picturing本來是名詞活用為動本來是名詞活用為動詞詞 的現(xiàn)在分詞，意為拍照或繪畫。作后置定語功能的現(xiàn)在分詞，意為拍照或繪畫。作后置定語功能=which pictured 這兩個字這兩個字構成的定語從句。構成的定語從句。Translation: 畢竟，有關部門豎立了一塊警示牌，上面畫的是一輛轎車頭朝下畢竟，有關部門豎立了一塊警示牌，上面畫

10、的是一輛轎車頭朝下 飛入大海。飛入大海。Example: The artist showed us his new oil painting, depicting a pretty girl dancing in the garden.藝術家給我們展示了他的新油畫，上面描繪的是一個漂亮的女孩在花園里跳舞。藝術家給我們展示了他的新油畫，上面描繪的是一個漂亮的女孩在花園里跳舞。1 Explanation of Difficult SentencesBack4. (Para. 4) And that sign, pictured against an actual cliff in the back

11、ground, makes a great travel photo.Analysis:.名詞標志是過去分詞短語作后置定語，名詞標志是過去分詞短語作后置定語， That sign是整個句子主語，謂語是整個句子主語，謂語是是makes。中間兩個逗號之間內(nèi)容是后置定語，功能相當于定語從句。中間兩個逗號之間內(nèi)容是后置定語，功能相當于定語從句。Translation: 襯托著背景中的真實山崖拍攝的這塊路牌，構成了一幅絕佳的旅行襯托著背景中的真實山崖拍攝的這塊路牌，構成了一幅絕佳的旅行 照片。照片。Example: The church, situated in the beautiful mounta

12、inous area, makes an ideal place for a wedding reception. 這座教堂，坐落在美麗的山區(qū)，成為了婚禮的理想場所。這座教堂，坐落在美麗的山區(qū)，成為了婚禮的理想場所。1 Explanation of Difficult SentencesBack2 Important Words1. straightforward adj. 簡單的；坦率的；明確的；徑直的簡單的；坦率的；明確的；徑直的 adv. 直截了當?shù)刂苯亓水數(shù)?；當它為形容詞時，對應的名詞是當它為形容詞時，對應的名詞是Straightforwardness n. 坦率He was enth

13、usiastic, intelligent and straightforward.他是熱情的他是熱情的,聰明的聰明的,直白的。直白的。Back2 Important Words2. occasionally 有時，偶爾有時，偶爾e.g. Occasionally the machine goes wrong without any apparent cause. 有時機器出現(xiàn)問題并沒有任何明顯的原因。有時機器出現(xiàn)問題并沒有任何明顯的原因。 Everyone wanted a place where they could be left alone occasionally. 每個人都想要一個

14、可以偶爾獨處的地方。每個人都想要一個可以偶爾獨處的地方。Back2 Important Words3. Come across偶遇偶遇; 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)偶然發(fā)現(xiàn); 越過；產(chǎn)生效果；越過；產(chǎn)生效果；出現(xiàn)于出現(xiàn)于 e.g. Ive come across an old friend. 我剛遇到一個老朋友。我剛遇到一個老朋友。 Your speech came across very well. 你的演講很成功。你的演講很成功。 A very good idea came across his mind. 他的腦海里出現(xiàn)一個好主意。他的腦海里出現(xiàn)一個好主意。Back2 Important Words4.

15、official 官方的；當局的；正式的官方的；當局的；正式的e.g. The news is almost certainly true although it is not official. 新聞雖然不是官方的，但幾乎確鑿無疑。新聞雖然不是官方的，但幾乎確鑿無疑。 The President of the United States will make an official visit to this country. 美國總統(tǒng)將對這個國家進行正式訪問。美國總統(tǒng)將對這個國家進行正式訪問。Back5. Share with 與與分享分享,e.g. A share sth. with B.

16、 A與B 分享某事。shares (in) 分攤或分享某事物分攤或分享某事物She shares (in) my troubles as well as my joys. 她與我同甘共苦她與我同甘共苦.share to 承擔承擔/給于給于He set over his share to his son-in-law.他將自己的股份轉(zhuǎn)讓給女婿他將自己的股份轉(zhuǎn)讓給女婿2 Important WordsBack2 Important Words6. evidence n. 證據(jù)；證詞證據(jù)；證詞e.g. There is evidence that college exam cheating is o

17、n the rise.有證據(jù)表明有證據(jù)表明,大學考試作弊的情況正在增多。大學考試作弊的情況正在增多。 A video tape was presented as evidence in court.在法庭上提出了一種視頻作為證據(jù)。在法庭上提出了一種視頻作為證據(jù)。Back2 Important Words7.serveas 為為; 充當，充當， 擔任擔任; be served as 被充當被充當,被用于被用于He serves him as a Kingdom.他把他當國王一樣服侍。他把他當國王一樣服侍。He is served as a Kingdom.他被服侍得像一個國王一樣。他被服侍得像一

18、個國王一樣。2 Important Words8.add to 1.add 用作及物動詞用作及物動詞,表示表示“加；增加加；增加”,常與常與介詞介詞to連用連用,即即“ add .to .”,“把把加到加到中去；往中去；往.中加中加.” 例如：例如： Please add some salt to the food. 請在請在 食物中加點鹽。食物中加點鹽。.add to（add 作不及物動詞用）表示作不及物動詞用）表示增加；增添增加；增添,其中其中to是介詞是介詞,后接后接名詞或代詞名詞或代詞.有時也可用來表示有時也可用來表示(房屋的房屋的)擴建擴建或或(書的書的)續(xù)寫續(xù)寫等等The new

19、film wont add to your credit.這部新影片將不會增加你的聲譽。這部新影片將不會增加你的聲譽。Back2 Important Words9. caption n. 文字文字說明；標題；字幕說明；標題；字幕e.g. The caption of a newspaper article is usually set in large type.報紙文章的標題通常設置在大類型。報紙文章的標題通常設置在大類型。 He is interested in the captions under the pictures.他對標題下的圖片很感興趣。他對標題下的圖片很感興趣。Back2

20、Important Words10.Put up 舉起，豎起，張貼；舉起，豎起，張貼； put up to 鼓動；唆使鼓動；唆使做做put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦忍受；忍耐；受苦put down 寫下；記下寫下；記下put forward 提出（意見、建議）提出（意見、建議）put in 打斷；插嘴打斷；插嘴put off 延期；推遲延期；推遲put on 假裝；偽裝假裝；偽裝put out 熄滅；關熄；撲滅熄滅；關熄；撲滅2 Important Words11. beware v. 注意，當心，謹防注意，當心，謹防e.g. Beware! If you have too much

21、sweet food, youll get fat.小心小心!如果你吃了太多的甜食如果你吃了太多的甜食,那么你就會發(fā)胖。那么你就會發(fā)胖。 Beware of trains!當心火車當心火車!BackRead and Think1 Answer the following questions according to the passage.1) Do you enjoy taking pictures while traveling? Why?2) What can be a great souvenir according to the writer?3) What can you do w

22、hen other people dont believe what you say about the funny road signs?(Open.)A picture of funny road signs.You can show them the pictures you have taken.Read and Think1 Answer the following questions according to the passage.Back4) What does the writer suggest readers do with the pictures they have

23、taken?5) What accident does the flying-car road sign imply?6) What does the caption information overload mean?He suggests that they add their own captions to the pictures.A car is flying headfirst into the sea and will probably cause death and damage.It means that too much information given on the r

24、oad sign only confuses the travelers.Read and Think2 Complete each of the following statements with words or phrases from the passage.1) Many travelers enjoy taking pictures of funny road signs while traveling. It is their favorite _.2) You can put your road sign photos in your travel _ and _ them w

25、ith your friends.3) The purpose of the flying-car sign is to warn drivers not to _ the cliff. 4)5) The moose-crossing sign is to warn drivers to _ of moose while driving.6) You are sure to get lost is the _ to the photo with a very confusing travel map.pastime(photo) albumsharedrive offThis flying-c

26、ar sign is an official one as it was put up by the _ _ bewarecaptionauthorities3 Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the form if necessary. authority put up come across beware add to official occasional pastime serve as evidence1) When I _ a new word, I writ

27、e it down in my notebook.2) The computer can easily get stuck, so you must _ of computer viruses.3) The company has created a new logo to _ their outgoing mails.4) This old railway station will be rebuilt to _ a huge supermarket.5) Let me see all the _ papers concerning the sale of the land.serve as

28、come across bewareadd toofficial6) The historical _ in support of this conclusion is weak.7). In that region _ floods do occur, though they are not very serious8) Chatting with friends over the Internet in the dead of night is probably my only _.9) Before it got dark the campers _ their tent in a fi

29、eld.10) The local _ found that the pollution in the river was serious.3 Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the form if necessary.Back authority put up come across beware add to official occasional pastime serve as evidenceauthoritiesevidenceoccasionalpastim

30、eput up_ _1) 他自愿當我們隊的司機。他自愿當我們隊的司機。2) 做對外貿(mào)易時我們應該注意文化差異。做對外貿(mào)易時我們應該注意文化差異。 3) 我們剛碰到了一位多年不見的老朋友。我們剛碰到了一位多年不見的老朋友。4)大衛(wèi)把每幅圖片都研究了兩遍，又仔細地閱讀了圖片說明。大衛(wèi)把每幅圖片都研究了兩遍，又仔細地閱讀了圖片說明。5) 他直率的回答給我們留下了很深的印象。他直率的回答給我們留下了很深的印象。6) 你能提供證據(jù)來證明他當時不在犯罪現(xiàn)場嗎？你能提供證據(jù)來證明他當時不在犯罪現(xiàn)場嗎？Read and Translate4 Translate the following sentences

31、into English.serve asbeware ofcome acrossevidencestraightforwardcaptionCan you provide any evidence to show that he was not in the crime scene at that time? He volunteered to serve as the driver of our team.We should beware of cultural differences in doing foreign trade.Weve just come across an old

32、friend we haven t seen for ages.David studied each photo twice and read the captions carefully.We were impressed by his straightforward answers.BackRead and Simulate5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the

33、 English sentences. Most road signs you come across are straightforward. Most young students I come across overseas have part-time jobs. 我在日本見到的女人大都是居家主婦。我在日本見到的女人大都是居家主婦。 我們遇到的問題大都通過團隊工作得到解決。我們遇到的問題大都通過團隊工作得到解決。Most women I came across in Japan were stay-at-home housewives.Most problems we came acr

34、oss were solved by team work.Read and Simulate Taking pictures of funny signs while traveling is a favorite pastime for many travelers. Chatting online while surfing the internet is a hobby for many of us. 邊聽音樂邊做作業(yè)對許多年輕人來說都是一種愛好。邊聽音樂邊做作業(yè)對許多年輕人來說都是一種愛好。 邊等車邊背英語單詞對我來說是個好建議。邊等車邊背英語單詞對我來說是個好建議。5 Pay att

35、ention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.Doing homework while listening to music is a habit for many young students.Reciting English words while waiting for a bus is a good suggestion for me.Read

36、and Simulate All are perfect for adding to your travel photo album and sharing with friends. The conference room is perfect for holding this event. 這些畫冊非常適合給學齡前兒童看。這些畫冊非常適合給學齡前兒童看。 這種紙非常適合畫水彩畫。這種紙非常適合畫水彩畫。5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sent

37、ences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.These picture books are perfect for showing to pre-school children.The kind of paper is perfect for painting water color pictures.Read and Simulate Here are a few funny road signs found from various parts of the world. Here are some common w

38、edding customs found in all parts of China. 以下是成功商人具備的七項素質(zhì)。以下是成功商人具備的七項素質(zhì)。 以下是當?shù)馗骷覉蠹埖男侣勵^條。以下是當?shù)馗骷覉蠹埖男侣勵^條。5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.Here are seven qualities found in success

39、ful businessmen.Here are the top news headlines found in local newspapers.Read and Simulate I hope you enjoy them and please feel free to add your own captions to the pictures. I hope you come to our company often and please feel free to try the products here. 希望你喜歡這里的飯菜，請隨時告訴我們你喜歡的菜肴。希望你喜歡這里的飯菜，請隨時

40、告訴我們你喜歡的菜肴。 希望你喜歡我的書，有什么評論和建議盡管提出來。希望你喜歡我的書，有什么評論和建議盡管提出來。5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.I hope you enjoy our food here and please feel free to tell us what is your favorite dis

41、h.I hope you like my book and please feel free to make any comments and suggestions.Read and Simulate After all, the authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst into the sea. Our school put up a big poster, picturing students performing in after-class activities. 體育館掛了一張有趣的圖片

42、，上面是一群熊貓在做各種體育運動。體育館掛了一張有趣的圖片，上面是一群熊貓在做各種體育運動。 公園立了一塊新指示牌，上面是一只指路的卡通兔子。公園立了一塊新指示牌，上面是一只指路的卡通兔子。5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.The gymnasium put up an interesting picture, showin

43、g pandas doing all kinds of sports.The park put up a big new sign, picturing a cartoon rabbit giving the directions.Back Hanna P., Marketing Expert at a famous software company, posted online his own commuting experience and asked the netizens to share their views: I went today: by bus No. 81, then

44、trolley bus No. 3, then underground Line 1, then bus No.139 and finally bus No. 87 (25 km all together). Who more? And actually the point of the question is: why do so many people spend lotsof time and money getting to work instead of moving near to it? It would beso nerve- and traffic-saving if eve

45、ryone lived near their work.123Responses Posted Online by NetizensCristina F.:In Portugal, moving next to work will certainly mean buying a house that we often cannot afford. I work outside Lisbon and I travel on Monday to work, stay there and need only three steps to get to work. I travel back to L

46、isbon Friday afternoon.(posted 18 hours ago)Chris B.:I travel by car as it is the most time-efficient way of getting there.(posted 15 hours ago )James B.:Ive been working for small companies companies move, change and go out of business. If I had lived next to where I worked, I would have had to mov

47、e seven times in the last 30 years. That would have been difficult to my family. So I live where I want, and plan on driving up to 40 miles, one-way, to get to work.(posted 14 hours ago)4ExercisesNigel T.:I drive. I work on short-term contract assignments which can be anything from 3 to 12 months, s

48、o moving is just not a choice. In the UK it can take 3 to 6 months to buy and sell a house anyway. My current employer is about 40 miles away. Last year it was a daily round trip of 189 miles way too much!(posted 13 hours ago)Lisa N.:When I was at my last job, I drove about 10 miles one way to get t

49、here, on city roads and the interstate. It was a fast commute usually. I dont have a job right now, but when I do, I might use a park and ride system as I may be commuting from the suburbs to the city. I might also use the light rail if it is available.(posted 13 hours ago)ExercisesNatalie K.:I also

50、 have around 25 km to the office, and I go by car. I wouldnt like to move to the area close to the office, because I enjoy living in the center of the city (Copenhagen).(posted 11 hours ago)Michael R.:5 minutes drive to the airport;5 minutes to preflight my plane;1 hour 10 minutes flight ;10 minutes

51、 drive to the client site.(posted 9 hours ago)ExercisesBack1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences1. (Para. 1) Who more?Analysis: 這是一個省略句。完整句子是這是一個省略句。完整句子是 ：Who did more travelling than I did?Translation:有誰比我換乘還多呢？有誰比我換乘還多呢？Example: He was playing net games online for 20 hours. Who more?他玩網(wǎng)絡游戲在線他玩網(wǎng)絡游戲

52、在線20小時。誰能比他玩的更久小時。誰能比他玩的更久?Back2. (Para. 2) why do so many people spend lots of time and money getting to work instead of moving near to it?Analysis: Spend time 或者或者 spend money 是動名詞，是一種常見的英語表達方是動名詞，是一種常見的英語表達方式。式。Instead of doing 是一個短語，另一個是一個短語，另一個而不是而不是的短語是的短語是 rather than。Translation: 為什么那么多的人寧愿上

53、班花那么多的時間和金錢，而不搬到工作為什么那么多的人寧愿上班花那么多的時間和金錢，而不搬到工作 單位附近居住呢單位附近居住呢？spend time on sth 花費時間在某事上?；ㄙM時間在某事上。 on 后要跟名詞后要跟名詞spend time in doing sth 花費時間做某事。花費時間做某事。 in后要動詞的后要動詞的ing形式，形式，in 可以省略可以省略Example: Martin spent lots of time complaining about his boss instead of doing anything. 馬丁在抱怨他的老板上花了很多時間馬丁在抱怨他的老板

54、上花了很多時間,而不做任何事情。而不做任何事情。1 Explanation of Difficult SentencesBack 1. instead of “.代替代替.”，二是，二是“是是.而不是而不是.” 2.rather than，倒不如，倒不如.，是，是.而不是而不是.”3.當當rather than為為是是.而不是而不是.時，可以與時，可以與instead of替換替換I want to go shopping instead of staying at home.= I want to go shopping rather than stay at home. 我想要去購物而不是

55、呆在家里。我想要去購物而不是呆在家里。Id like to take the slowest train rather than go there by airplane.我乘最慢的火車我乘最慢的火車,也不愿乘飛機去那兒也不愿乘飛機去那兒I will be instead of you。我將會代替你我將會代替你Back3. (Para. 2) It would be so nerve- and traffic-saving if everyone lived near their work.Analysis: .這是一個典型的虛擬語氣的句型。這是一個典型的虛擬語氣的句型。Nerve-和和tra

56、ffic-saving是是nerve-saving和和traffic-saving的縮寫。其他類似的詞是的縮寫。其他類似的詞是 time-saving, labor-saving, 等。等。Translation:如果大家都住在工作地點附近，能少傷多少腦筋，少乘多少車啊。如果大家都住在工作地點附近，能少傷多少腦筋，少乘多少車啊。Example: It would be time- and labor-saving if we adopted the latest technology. 如果我們采用了最新的技術，能省時如果我們采用了最新的技術，能省時,省力省力,1 Explanation of

57、 Difficult SentencesBack1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences4. (Para. 5) If I had lived next to where I worked, I would have had to move seven times in the last 30 years.Analysis: 使用虛擬語氣來表達一個不真實的條件，要注意時態(tài)使用虛擬語氣來表達一個不真實的條件，要注意時態(tài) 的使用條件和主要的使用條件和主要 條件。條件。 would/should + have + 過去分詞過去分詞 這是虛擬語氣的一種用法，是過去將來完

58、這是虛擬語氣的一種用法，是過去將來完成時，成時， 表示對過去事情的假設，意思是表示對過去事情的假設，意思是“本來會做本來會做”。Translation: 如果我是住在工作單位附近，在過去的三十年里我就得搬七次家了。如果我是住在工作單位附近，在過去的三十年里我就得搬七次家了。Example: If we had talked about it, we would have solved the problem between us. 如果我們有談論它，我們就會解決我們之間的問題如果我們有談論它，我們就會解決我們之間的問題Back2 Important Words1. marketing n.銷售

59、；促銷；營銷銷售；促銷；營銷 v.出售出售e.g. They have come up with new and wonderful marketing ideas. 他們已經(jīng)想出新的和精彩的營銷思想。他們已經(jīng)想出新的和精彩的營銷思想。 Our marketing and business courses will help you develop practical skills.我們的營銷和商業(yè)我們的營銷和商業(yè)課程將課程將幫助幫助你提高實踐你提高實踐技能。技能。Back2 Important Words2. post v. （在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上）發(fā)（在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上）發(fā)帖子帖子n.崗位崗位; 郵政郵政;

60、 郵件郵件; 柱，樁，桿柱，樁，桿; vt.張貼張貼; 郵寄郵寄; 宣布宣布; 設崗設崗; vi.快速行進快速行進; adj.有關賽跑（或賽馬，賽狗）起點標志的有關賽跑（或賽馬，賽狗）起點標志的; adv.外外在后在后; 用急件用急件驛馬驛馬; 趕緊地，火速地趕緊地，火速地;e.g. He posted a video online. 他在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一段視頻。他在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一段視頻。Back2 Important Words3. commute v./n. 通勤，上下班（尤其指很遠的路程通勤，上下班（尤其指很遠的路程）e.g. I have to commute 10 kilometers t