中考英語(yǔ)第二輪復(fù)習(xí)教案

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英語(yǔ)第二輪專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)教案目 錄專題一 名 詞 . 1專題二 冠詞和數(shù)詞 . 3專題三 代 詞 . 6專題四 形容詞和副詞. 11專題五 介詞和連詞 . 14專題六 動(dòng) 詞 . 18專題七 句子分類 . 25專題八 主謂一致 . 30專題九 賓語(yǔ)從句 . 33專題十 狀語(yǔ)從句 . 35專題一 名詞一. 名詞的定義名詞是表示人，事物和抽象概念的詞。二名詞的分類 專有名詞(Proper Nouns): 專有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方，機(jī)構(gòu)等名詞(noun) 專有的名稱.如: Tom, China, WTO 普通名詞(Common Nouns): 可數(shù)名詞(Countable N

2、ouns) 不可數(shù)名詞(Uncountable Nouns)注意：1)在英語(yǔ)中，區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞是非常重要的。區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞不可以完全依照漢語(yǔ)的思維。例如，在漢語(yǔ)中，“粉筆”這個(gè)字顯然是可數(shù)名詞，但在英文中chalk就是不可數(shù)名詞。2)英語(yǔ)中有很多的名詞是既可以作為可數(shù)名詞，也可以作為不可數(shù)名詞，但是往往詞義是不同的，例如room一詞，作為可數(shù)名詞講時(shí)，是“房間”的意思，作為不可數(shù)名詞講時(shí)，是“空間，余地”的意思。三名詞的復(fù)數(shù)1.一般規(guī)律：a）一般是在單詞的后面加上s，如：boat/bike /student的復(fù)數(shù)就是在后面加上s。b）如果單詞后面是以x/s/sh/ch結(jié)尾，

3、那么這樣的單詞在后面加上es，如box, dress, watch等。c）如果單詞是用輔音+y結(jié)尾，變復(fù)數(shù)的時(shí)候就把y改為i再在后面加上es，如fly要變?yōu)閒lies。但是要注意的是有的單詞如boy, toy等是以元音字母+y結(jié)尾在變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)不能去掉y而是直接加s即boys, toys。d）部分以f/fe結(jié)尾的單詞，把f/fe變?yōu)関es，這里有一首打油詩(shī)可以幫你總結(jié)復(fù)合這條規(guī)律的單詞：妻子騎牛拿起刀, wife-wives; calf-calves; knife-knives;追得賊狼滿街跑, thief-thieves; wolf-wolves碰倒架子喪己命, shelf-shelves; s

4、elf-selves; life-lives手帕樹葉半空飄. leaf-leaves; half-halves e）如果是以o結(jié)尾的單詞有兩種情況：第一，如果是有生命的人或者是物，就在后面加上es，這樣的單詞也可以組成一句順逗留：黑人英雄愛(ài)吃土豆和西紅柿，也就是里面的hero, negro, tomato and potato它們的后面要加es；第二，如果是沒(méi)有生命的物，那么就在后面加上s，比如photo, radio等。2.特殊規(guī)律：a）外部變化child-children ox-oxen內(nèi)部變化foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-w

5、omen b）單復(fù)數(shù)同形，有的英文單詞單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)的形式是一樣的，這樣的單詞有fish, deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, people(人)，我們可以說(shuō)a fish,也可以說(shuō)two fish。c）集合名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如： people，police，cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說(shuō) a people，a police，a cattle。the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí)，作復(fù)數(shù)用。3.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)帶有man，wom

6、an的復(fù)合名詞的兩個(gè)部分都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，例如：man doctor-men doctors當(dāng)前面的名詞作為后面的名詞的定語(yǔ)時(shí)，只將后面的單詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，例如：toy shop-toy shop當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的名詞是sports或clothes時(shí)，此復(fù)數(shù)形式要保留，例如：sports meeting-sports meetings, clothes shop-clothes shops四名詞的格 1. 表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加 s,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s，例如：a students room, students rooms, fathers shoes。2. 如其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加 s，如：C

7、hildrens Day。3. 在表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量、價(jià)格、世界、國(guó)家等名詞的所有格要用 s，例如：a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，a boats length，two pounds weight, ten dollars worth。4. 無(wú)生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。5. 雙重所有格，例如：a friend of my fathers。【注意】 如

8、果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有 s，則表示“分別有”，例如：Johns and Marys rooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；Toms and Marys bikes（兩人各自的自行車）。兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè)s，則表示“共有”，例如：John and Marys room（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）；Tom and Marys mother（即Tom與Mary是兄妹）?！緦?shí)例解析】1. These _ have saved many childrens lives. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman docto

9、r 答案：C。該題考查的是名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的變化。woman 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要和被修飾的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。2. This is _ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Anne and Jane B. Annes and Janes C. Annes and Jane D. Anne and Janes 答案：D。該題考查的是并列名詞的所有格。兩人共有一個(gè)房間時(shí)，只在后面的名詞后加s。3. -Are there any _ on the farm? -Yes, there are some. A. horse B. duck C. chicke

10、n D. sheep 答案：D。該題考查的是特殊名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。從謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)判斷，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只有sheep可用作復(fù)數(shù)名詞。4. -What would you like to drink, _ or orange? -Orange, please. A. hamburger B. chip C. tea 答案：C。該題考查的是名詞的類別。三種東西中只有tea能喝。專題二 冠詞和數(shù)詞1.不定冠詞a與an的用法 2.定冠詞the的用法 3.零冠詞4.基數(shù)詞的用法 5.序數(shù)詞的用法冠詞冠詞是虛詞，放在名詞之前，用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。A(an)叫不定冠詞，the叫定冠詞。A用

11、在輔音之前，an用在元音之前。1. 不定冠詞的用法(1) a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。例如：John is a student. Mary is an English teacher.(2) 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。例如:A steel worker makes steel. Pass me an apple, please.(3) 指某人或某物，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或和物。例如：A student wants to see you. A girl is waiting for you outside.(4) 表示“每一”的意思，相當(dāng)于every。例如：Take the

12、medicine three times a day. They go to see their parents once a week.2. 定冠詞用法 (1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如： The book on the desk is an English dictionary. Beijing is the capital of China. (2) 指說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)話人都熟悉的人或事物。例如： Open the door, please. Jack is in the library. (3) 上文提到過(guò)的人或事物。例如： Yesterday Johns father bough

13、t him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan. (4) 表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)之前。例如： Shanghai is the biggest city in China. January is the first month of the year. (6) 用在某些形容詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。例如： The nurse is kind to the sick. We should take good care

14、 of the old. (7) 用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。例如： the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。 (8) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫婦”。例如： the Browns, the whites等。3. 不用冠詞的情況 (1) 某些專有名詞，抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。例如： China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。 (2) 名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的this, that, my, your, whose, s

15、ome, any, no, each, every等代詞時(shí)，不用冠詞。例如： That is my cap. I have some questions. Go down this street.(3) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)，不用冠詞。They are workers. We are students.(4) 稱呼語(yǔ)前不用冠詞，表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。例如：I dont feel well today, Mother. Bush was made president of the U.S.(5) 三餐飯的名稱前，球類活動(dòng)，學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前，常不用冠詞。例如：I have lun

16、ch at home. He often plays football after class.We have English and maths every day.(6) 在某些固定詞組里，名詞之前常不用冠詞。例如：By air, at night, at home, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。數(shù)詞數(shù)詞分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目，序數(shù)詞表示順序。1. 基數(shù)詞的用法(1) 基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)，例如： Thirty of them are Party member

17、s.（主語(yǔ)） We four will go with you.（同位語(yǔ)） - How many would you like？ - Three ，please（作賓語(yǔ)） The nine boys are from Tianjing.（定語(yǔ)） Six plus four is ten.（表語(yǔ)）(2) 表示一個(gè)具體數(shù)字時(shí)，hundred, thousand, million一律不用復(fù)數(shù)；在表示一個(gè)不確定數(shù)字時(shí)則用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：Our country has a population of 1,300 million people.After the war, thousands of peopl

18、e became homeless.Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the world.(3) 表示“十”的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來(lái)表示人的歲數(shù)或年代，例如： He is in his early thirties He died still in his forties This took place in 1930s(4) 表示時(shí)刻用基數(shù)詞。例如：We get up at six. The workers begin work at eight. 2. 序數(shù)詞的用法 （1）序數(shù)詞主要用作定語(yǔ)，前面要

19、加定冠詞，例如： The first truck is carrying a foot basketsJohn lives on the fifteenth floor （2）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)前面可加不定冠詞來(lái)表示“再一”，“又一”這樣的意思，例如： Well have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak（3）由幾個(gè)序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞在拼寫時(shí)不對(duì)應(yīng)，很容易寫錯(cuò)，應(yīng)特別注意。它們是：one-first, two-second, three-third,

20、 five-fifth, eight-eighth, nine-ninth, twelve-twelfth。（4）表示年，月，日時(shí)， 年用基數(shù)詞表示，日用序數(shù)詞表示。例如：1949年十月一日讀作: October (the) first, nineteen sixty2004年九月十日讀作：September (the) tenth, two thousand and four（5）表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時(shí)，分母加-s。例如： three fourths, one second, two fifths（6）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)用縮寫形式： first1st secon

21、d2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-second22nd【實(shí)例解析】1. About _ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths 答案：A。該題考查的是分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法。分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時(shí)，分母應(yīng)加-s，因此應(yīng)選A。2. Nine _ pounds a week? Thats very good. A. hundred of B. hundreds

22、 of C. hundreds D. hundred 答案：D。該題考查的是數(shù)詞的用法。Nine hundred是一個(gè)具體的數(shù)量，這是數(shù)詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后面也不能加of。所以應(yīng)選D。3. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _ basketball. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的用法。球類運(yùn)動(dòng)之前不加冠詞，因此應(yīng)選D。4. This is _ song Ive told you about. Isnt it _ beautiful one? A. the; the B. a;

23、 a C. the; a D. a; the 答案：C。該題考查的是冠詞的用法。第一個(gè)空是特指，特指我給你說(shuō)過(guò)的那首歌，第二個(gè)空是表示某一個(gè)類別。所以應(yīng)選C。練習(xí)： 1. This morning I had _ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast. A. an B. a C. the D./ 2. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _one. A. three B. third C. forth D. / 3. -Have you seen _ pen? I left it h

24、ere this morning. -Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 4. _ sun is shining brightly. A. A B. An C. The D. / 5. There is _ “h” in the word hour. A. a B. the C. an D./ 6. We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes. A. twenty-first B. twe

25、ntieth-first C. twenty-one D. twentieth-one專題三 代詞1. 人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及其主要用法；2. 名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞的形式、區(qū)別及其主要用法；3 反身代詞的形式、意義及其主要用法；4 常見(jiàn)不定代詞的一般用法；5. 指示代詞的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法；6. 相互代詞的基本用法；7. 疑問(wèn)代詞的基本用法。8. 關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。 代詞是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。按其意義、特征及其在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、不定代詞和關(guān)系代詞等。一. 人稱代詞1.人稱代詞的人稱、數(shù)和格。

26、主格: 單數(shù)I 、you 、he 、she 、it 復(fù)數(shù) we 、you 、they 賓格: 單數(shù)me 、you 、him 、her 、it 復(fù)數(shù)us 、you 、them 2.人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語(yǔ)，賓格作賓語(yǔ)。如： I like table tennis. （作主語(yǔ)）Do you know him?（作賓語(yǔ)）3.人稱代詞還可作表語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)時(shí)用賓格。如：-Who is knocking at the door?-Its me.4.人稱代詞在than之后與其他人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用主格和賓格都可以。如：He is older than me.He is older than

27、I am.二. 物主代詞1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their 名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs 2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box.3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 Our school is here, and t

28、heirs is there.（作主語(yǔ)） - Is this English-book yours? （作表語(yǔ)） - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作賓語(yǔ)）三. 指示代詞 指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用來(lái)指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these

29、days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過(guò)的事物，this 和these則是指下面將要講 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English3. 有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as g

30、ood as those made in Shanghai 4. this 在電話用語(yǔ)中代表自己，that 則代表對(duì)方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking?四. 反身代詞 英語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我們自己，你們自己等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，也有人稱之為自身代名詞。myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves 反身代詞可以在句中作賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)。 1. 作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)

31、人或一些人。He called himself a writer Would you please express yourself in English?2. 作表語(yǔ)。 It doesnt matterIll be myself soon The girl in the news is myself 3. 作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，表示親自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes（=I washed the clothes myself.）（作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)） You should ask the teacher himself（作賓語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)）五. 不定代詞 不是指明代替任何

32、特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)將幾個(gè)常用的不定代詞舉例說(shuō)明如下：1. some與any的區(qū)別1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個(gè)”作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. . Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑問(wèn)句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。 If you have any questio

33、ns, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle. Have you got any tea? 3）any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I cant see any. If you have no money, Ill lend you some. 注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, an

34、ybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別1）用作形容詞： 含義用法表示肯定表示否定用于可數(shù)名詞a few雖少，但有幾個(gè)few不多，幾乎沒(méi)有用于不可數(shù)名詞a little，雖少，但有一點(diǎn)little不多，沒(méi)有什么 Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glass. He has few friends. They

35、 had little money with them. 2）a little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 Im a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry) Let him sleep a little. (修飾動(dòng)詞sleep) Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級(jí)) She slept very little last night.3. other, the other, another, others, the others的區(qū)別。用 法代名詞形容詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)

36、復(fù)數(shù)不定another另一個(gè)others別人，其他人another (boy)另一個(gè)男孩other (boys)其他男孩特定the other另一個(gè)the others其余那些人、物the other (boy)另一個(gè)男孩the other (boys)其余那些男孩1）other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別的”。 Where are his other books? I havent any other books except this one. 2）other也可以用作代詞，與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”。常與one

37、搭配構(gòu)成“one ., the other .”句型。 He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 3）other作代詞用時(shí)，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ., others .”句型。 Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. This coat is too large

38、. Show me some others, please. 4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。 We got home by 4 oclock, but the others didnt get back until 8 oclock. In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞one. You can see another ship in the sea, cant you? Mary doesnt want

39、to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個(gè)”。 Im still hungry after Ive had this cake. Please give me another.4. every與each的區(qū)別。eachevery1)可單獨(dú)使用1)不可單獨(dú)使用2)可做代名詞、形容詞2)僅作形容詞3)著重“個(gè)別”3)著重“全體”，毫無(wú)例外4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物4)用于三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物 The teacher gave a toy to each chil

40、d. Each ball has a different colour. 當(dāng)我們說(shuō)each child, each student或each teacher時(shí)，我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說(shuō)every child和every student時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。 Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.5.

41、all和both的用法。1）all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。 All of us like Mr Pope.（作主語(yǔ)） = We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語(yǔ)) All the water has been used up. (作主語(yǔ)) Thats all for today. (作表語(yǔ)) Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語(yǔ)) All the leaders are here. (作定語(yǔ)) 2）both作代詞。與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個(gè)都”。 Lucy

42、 and Lily both agree with us. They both passed on their sticks at the same time. How are your parents? Theyre both fine. 與“of +代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者都”。 Both of them came to see Mary. Both of the books are very interesting. 單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者（都）”。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I dont know which book is t

43、he better, I shall read both. 3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。 Both his younger sisters are our classmates. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.六. 相互代詞 表示相互關(guān)系的代詞叫做相互代詞。相互代詞有each other 和one another兩種形 式。在當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)中，each other和one another沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。相互代詞可在句中作賓語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)。作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，相互代詞用所有格形式。 We should learn

44、 from each other / one another. （作賓語(yǔ)） Do you often write to each other / one another? （作賓語(yǔ)） We often borrow each others / one anothers books. （作定語(yǔ)） The students corrected each others / one anothers mistakes in their homework. （作定語(yǔ)）七. 疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一

45、句子成分。例如：Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主語(yǔ)） What is that? (作表語(yǔ))Whose umbrella is this? (作定語(yǔ)) Whom are you waiting for? (作賓語(yǔ))八.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞是一種引導(dǎo)從句并起連接主句和從句作用的代詞。關(guān)系代詞有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它們?cè)诰渲锌捎米髦髡Z(yǔ),表語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),定語(yǔ). 在主句中,它們還代表著從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞。例如：I hate people who talk much but do little.Im looking

46、 at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster?【實(shí)例解析】1. Mary, please show _ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D. me 答案：D。該提考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。在本題中，動(dòng)詞show的后面要跟雙賓語(yǔ)，空白處缺少一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)選

47、me。2. -Whats on TV tonight? Is there _ interesting?-Im afraid not. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 答案：B。該提考查的是不定代詞的用法。這是一個(gè)疑問(wèn)句。在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用anything。3. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each 答案：D。該題考查的是不定代詞用法。因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式，所以Both和Some都不對(duì)。Every 不能作主語(yǔ)，所以只有Each合適。4.

48、-Where is my pen?-Oh, sorry. I have taken _ by mistake. A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers 答案：A。該題考查的是物主代詞的用法。根據(jù)題干的背景，我們可以判斷出錯(cuò)拿的鋼筆應(yīng)該是對(duì)方的，所以選yours。專題四 形容詞和副詞1. 形容詞的用法； 2. 副詞的用法；3. 形容詞和副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法； 4. 形容詞和副詞在句中的區(qū)別和位置。形容詞 (1) 形容詞在句中作定語(yǔ), 表語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定語(yǔ)） The fish

49、 went bad. （作表語(yǔ)）We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）(2) 形容詞修飾something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代詞時(shí),形容詞放在名詞后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3) 用 and 或 or 連接起來(lái)的兩個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old an

50、d young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the形容詞表示一類人或物 The rich should help the poor.副詞(1) 副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。He studies very hard. （作狀語(yǔ)）Life here is full of joy. （作定語(yǔ)） When will you be back? （作表語(yǔ)） 副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：1)時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間副詞有：now today, tomorr

51、ow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：He often comes to school late.What are we going to do tomorrow?He is never been to Beijing.2)地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。常見(jiàn)的地點(diǎn)副詞有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere

52、, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。例如：I met an old friend of mine on my way home.He went upstairs. Put down your name here.3)方式副詞方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的？”這類問(wèn)題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個(gè)形容詞加詞尾-ly構(gòu)成的, 有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly, 它們與形容詞同形。常見(jiàn)的方式副詞有：anxiously, badly, bravely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successful

53、ly, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。例如： The old man walked home slowly. Please listen to the teacher carefully.The birds are flying high. 4)程度副詞程度副詞多數(shù)用來(lái)修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的程度副詞有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply,