英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主謂一致ppt課件

1、Subject-Verb Agreement主謂一致主謂一致一、名詞1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)那么:1以s,x,ch和sh結(jié)尾的2以輔+y結(jié)尾的3元+y結(jié)尾的4以f/fe結(jié)尾的(5)以0結(jié)尾的2.幾個(gè)不規(guī)那么的復(fù)數(shù)名詞如:man,woman,child,foot,tooth,sheep,deer, Englishman,Frenchman,Japanese,Chinese,3.只用復(fù)數(shù)方式的名詞如:people,clothes,goods,police,trousers4.一些集體名詞如:class,team,family,school5.不可數(shù)名詞如:news,information,wood,fo

2、od,work,weather,room, space,population,metal,glass,cotton,silk,bread,meat,water,coffee,milk, porridge,money,fun,etc.6.名詞一切格如:Womens Day, Teachers Day,a map of China, a few minutes walk, Lucy and Lilys father, Lucys and Lilys shoes a friend of mine ,todays newspaper , at the doctors , etc.7.與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用的單

3、詞如:many, (a )few , a number of , these,those,two,different,one of-;與不可數(shù)名詞連用的單詞如:much,(a)little;都可連用的如：some,any,no,enough,a lot of,lots of,etc.8.不可數(shù)名詞及其量的表示法，如：a cup of tea,two glasses of milk等。 1. These girls will become when they graduate from the medical college. A. woman doctors B. womens doctors

4、 C. women doctors D. the women doctors2. Usually are very careful in doing exercises. A. girl students B. girls students C. girls students D. girls students3. The waiter brought us . A. glasses of juices B. glasses of juice C. glass of juices D. glass of juices4. The news reporter has collected abou

5、t it. A. lots of informations B. a lot of information C. much of information D. many information5. Finally Billy got as a waiter in a restaurant. A. a job B. a piece of job C. a work D. some work6. Please give me . A. a few papers and two newspapers B. some paper and some newspaper C. a paper and a

6、newspaper D. a piece of paper and two newspapers 7. The ship went down and many were lost. A. lifes B. lives C. life D. live8. Its about to the zoo. A. two hours ride B. two hours ride C. two-hours ride D. two hours ride9. Jack showed me . A. some stamps of him B. the stamps of his C. some his stamp

7、s D. some stamps of his10. These are and those are . A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japaneses, Germen D. Japanese, Germans在英語(yǔ)句子里，謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配，其動(dòng)詞必需在英語(yǔ)句子里，謂語(yǔ)受主語(yǔ)支配，其動(dòng)詞必需和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上堅(jiān)持一致，這就叫主謂一和主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上堅(jiān)持一致，這就叫主謂一致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個(gè)原那么，即致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個(gè)原那么，即語(yǔ)法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原那么。語(yǔ)法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原那么。一語(yǔ)法一致

8、原那么：語(yǔ)法上一致就是謂語(yǔ)一語(yǔ)法一致原那么：語(yǔ)法上一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在單、復(fù)數(shù)方式上堅(jiān)持一致。動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在單、復(fù)數(shù)方式上堅(jiān)持一致。1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞普通用單數(shù)方式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)普通用單數(shù)方式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)方式。動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)方式。 His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all.

9、 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. (6) The number of the errors is suprising 2、Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers.由銜接詞由銜接詞and或或bot

10、h and銜接起來(lái)的銜接起來(lái)的合成主語(yǔ)后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)方式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。合成主語(yǔ)后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)方式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。留意：留意： 假設(shè)假設(shè)and所銜接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，所銜接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)， 它后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就運(yùn)用單數(shù)方式。它后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就運(yùn)用單數(shù)方式。如：如：The writer and artist has come. 由由and銜接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前假設(shè)分別有銜接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前假設(shè)分別有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)方式。修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)方式。如：如：Every student

11、 and every teacher was inthe room.No boy and no girl likes it. 主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，雖然后面跟有主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，雖然后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)方式；等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)方式；假設(shè)主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)方式。假設(shè)主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)方式。3、 Mr Green, together with

12、his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4、either, neither, each, every 或no +單數(shù)名詞和由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，都作單數(shù)對(duì)待。如：Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter.留意： 在口語(yǔ)中當(dāng)either或neither后跟有“of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代

13、詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 假設(shè)none of后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù)；假設(shè)它后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞that, who, which等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。I am not one who is afraid of difficulty. 我是個(gè)不怕困難的人。He is one of my friends who are

14、 working hard. He is the only one of my friends who isworking hard.6、假設(shè)集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；假設(shè)它指集體的成員，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)方式。這些詞有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。留意：people, police, cattle等名詞普通都用作 復(fù)數(shù)。如：The police are looking for the lost child.Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four

15、are unable to agree upon a monitor. 7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語(yǔ)中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。留意： a number of“許多，作定語(yǔ)修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；the number of“的數(shù)量，主語(yǔ)是number，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture is wonderfu

16、l. 50% of the students in our class are girls.8、在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語(yǔ) 一致。There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures. Such is the result. Such are the facts.二邏輯意義一致原那么：邏輯意義一致就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必需和主語(yǔ)的意義一致因有時(shí)主語(yǔ)方式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)；有時(shí)方式為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義為單數(shù)。1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思來(lái)決議。如：Which is y

17、our bag? / Which are your bags? / All have gone to .2、表示“時(shí)間、分量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值等的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)方式,這是由于作主語(yǔ)的名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、假設(shè)英語(yǔ)是書(shū)名、片名、格言、劇名、報(bào)名、國(guó)名等的復(fù)數(shù)方式，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)方式。如： “The Arabian Nightsis an interesting story-book.4、表數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)“one and a half后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)方式也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如

18、:One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.5、算式中表示數(shù)目字的主語(yǔ)通常作單數(shù)對(duì)待，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)方式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.6、一些學(xué)科名詞是以 ics 結(jié)尾，如：politics, mathematics, physics 以及news, works等，都屬于方式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實(shí)踐意義為單數(shù)名詞，它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)方式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. I thi

19、nk physics isnt easy to study.7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，但假設(shè)這些名詞前有a (the) pair of等量詞修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：My glasses are broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his.8、“定冠詞the + 描畫詞或分詞，表示某一類人時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。三就近一致原那么：在英語(yǔ)句子中，有時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。1、當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)由either or, neither nor, whether or , n

20、ot only but also銜接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和臨近的主語(yǔ)一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither he nor they wholly right?2、there be句型be動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語(yǔ)。假設(shè)其后是由and銜接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，那么應(yīng)與接近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room.留意：Here引導(dǎo)的句子用法同上。1.I, who_ your f

21、riend, will try my best to help you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be2. The rich _ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.have3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neith

22、er my father nor I _ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.beExercises22.He is the only one of the students who _ elected.A. are B.have C.has D.is23.This is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A.have B.has C. have been D.has been24.Many a man _ come to help us.A.have B.has C.is D.are25.All_ prese

23、nt and all_ going on well, our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)方式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)方式填空。1. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads _ (keep) rising these days.2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ (repair) at the garage. 3. What we used to think _ (be) imposs

24、ible does seem possible now. 4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ (declare) open, the whole world cheered. keepsis being repairedwaswere declared5. The use of credit cards in place of cash _ (increase) in recent years.6. Newton _ (explain) the movements of the moon from the attraction of the earth

25、.7. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ (phone) to ask how I am going to spend the money. has increasedhas explainedare phoning考點(diǎn)分析：考點(diǎn)分析：1. At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch Asitting Bhaving

26、 sat Cto sit Dsat此題調(diào)查并列謂語(yǔ)的選擇。此題調(diào)查并列謂語(yǔ)的選擇。found與與sat down應(yīng)為并列謂語(yǔ)，而其他各項(xiàng)均為非謂應(yīng)為并列謂語(yǔ)，而其他各項(xiàng)均為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞方式不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，解題時(shí)務(wù)必語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞方式不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，解題時(shí)務(wù)必留意并列連詞的作用。留意并列連詞的作用。 2. Professor Smith，along with his assistants，_ on the project day and night to meet the deadline Awork Bworking Cis working Dare working此題調(diào)查主謂一致用法。當(dāng)此題調(diào)查主謂一

27、致用法。當(dāng)“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+along with/ with/ together with + n. / pron 構(gòu)造作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與構(gòu)造作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。主語(yǔ)堅(jiān)持一致。 因因Professor Smith作主作主語(yǔ)，故運(yùn)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)，故運(yùn)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is working。3. The evening news comes on at seven oclock and _only thirty minutes.A. keepsB. completes C. finishes D. lasts4.-Has Sam finished his homewor

28、k today? -I have no idea. He_ it this morning. A. didB. has done C. was doingD. had done5. The forest guards often find campfires have not been _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put awayD. had done6. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _visiting a museum when the earthquake s

29、truck. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A.are;are B.am;am C.am;are D.is;is7. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _

30、peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are9. The population of China _ larger than that of any other country in the world. A.is B.are C.has D.have10. Every means 方法_ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule. A. was punished B. punished C. were punis