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1、 詞尾有l(wèi)y 與無ly 的區(qū)別 (1)late,lately late 意為“遲、晚”,它僅置于句未或動(dòng)詞后:He goes to bed late and gets up late; lately 意為“最近、近來”,它既可置于句首,也 可置于句未:Lately,I have read much of Shelley's poemHere is a song composed lately (2)pretty,prettily pretty 的意思與rather 相近,意為“相當(dāng)、頗、十分”,如:It's pretty cold outdoors today另外,副詞 pre

2、tty 常用于下列短語中: pretty much=very,pretty nearly=almost,pretty well=almost,sit pretty=be in a very good position;prettily 的意思為“漂亮的、有 禮貌的”,如:The little girl was prettily dressedThe pupil asked his teacher prettily (3)hard,hardly hard 意為“努力地、猛烈地、緊緊地”,它置于動(dòng)詞后,如:It is raining hardhardly 意為“幾乎不、簡直不”,它常置于行為動(dòng)詞之

3、 前或連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞之后,還可置于句首,引出一個(gè)狀 語從句hardly。when,如:I'm so tired that I can hardly walkHardly had he arrived when it began to rain (4)large,largely large 作副詞意為“夸大、自夸”,如:He often talks large它 還用于下列習(xí)語中:write large(顯而易見),sail large(頂風(fēng)航行), by and large(總的說來),另外,large 只可置于動(dòng)詞之后; largely 意為“主要的、大量的、廣泛的”,

4、它既可置于動(dòng)詞前,也可置于動(dòng)詞 后,如:He drinks largelyHis theories were largely adopted by working men (5)false,falsely false 作副詞時(shí),僅用于 play sbfalse(=betray or cheat sb) 中,并且只可置于句未,如:His wife played him falsefalsely 意 為“冤枉、虛假、虛偽”,它可置于動(dòng)詞前后,如:He was falsely accusedHe treated me falsely (6)clean,cleanly clean 作副詞意為“完全地、

5、徹底地”,它用于非正式文體中,常和 它連用的有動(dòng)詞forget,介詞over 和through,副詞away 和out,它習(xí) 慣置于所修飾的詞之前,但在習(xí)語come clean 中,它卻放在動(dòng)詞后。 aI clean forgot it bThe bullet went clean through his heart cThe prisoner got clean away dI'm afraid I'm clean out of food cleanly 意為“干凈利落、沒弄糟、準(zhǔn)確地”,它常放在動(dòng)詞后。 eThe butcher's knife cut cleanl

6、y through the meat fHe caught the ball cleanly (7)new,newly new 作副詞一般用在某些合成詞中,常與過去分詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞, 兩個(gè)詞之間一般都有連字符號(hào),如 a newborn baby(新生兒),a new laid egg(剛生的蛋),newfound land(新發(fā)現(xiàn)的大陸),newmown hay(剛割下的草),newfallen snow(剛下的雪),a newfound friend(新交的朋友); newly 意為“新近”,僅用于過去分詞之前, 它與過去分詞之間無連字符號(hào)(名詞 newlywed 除外),如 a newl

7、y mar-ried couple,on the newly painted chair。 (8)low,lowly low 是個(gè)常用副詞,意為“低、低聲”,除了構(gòu)成合成詞lownecked, lowminded,lowpitched 以外,它僅用于動(dòng)詞后,如 bought low and sold high。 The cloud hand lowlowly 常作形容詞,它作副詞時(shí)意為 “卑賤地、低下地”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞后,也可置于過去分詞之前。 aHe bowed lowly before the Queen bThey were lowly paid workers (9)last,las

8、tly last 作副詞意為“上一次”,它既可放在動(dòng)詞之前,也可放在動(dòng)詞 之后;lastly 意為“最后(一點(diǎn))”,它置于句首。 aIt's a long time since I saw you last bWhen did you last go to the cinema? cLastly,let me mention the great support I've had from my wife (10)express,expressly express 意為“作為快件寄運(yùn)”,它僅用于動(dòng)詞之后。 aSend your trunk express to Boston ex

9、pressly 意為“清楚地、專門地”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞前,也可置于 動(dòng)詞后。 bI expressly told him I wouldn't go cI came expressly to bring it to you (11)even,evenly even 意為“甚至、即使、連?都、比?更”,它作副詞時(shí)可以置于 名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞比較級(jí)、副詞、介詞短語等之前,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。 aEven a child can understand the book bEven he was in a heavy mood cShe even helped me to do the work

10、dEven at night,he seldom relaxed eEven now I don't know him fThis book is even more useful than that 另外,even 還用于下面一些短語:even as(正當(dāng)?時(shí)候),even if/though(即使),even so(盡管如此),even now/then(甚至此時(shí) /那時(shí))。 evenly 意為“均勻地、平均地”,它可置于動(dòng)詞后或過去分詞之前。 gSpread the butter on the bread evenly hSupplies of ordinary commodit

11、ies must be evenly distributed (12)easy,easily easy 作副詞和easily 意義相同,但它僅用于某些慣用語中,如take it easy(別著急),easy come,easy go(來得容易去得快),easier said than done(說來容易做來難),easy does it(慢慢干),get off easy(沒受太大懲罰),go easy with/on(不要吃得太多),stand easy (稍息);easily 意為“容易地、輕松地、隨便地”,它可置于動(dòng)詞之 后,也可置于過去分詞之前。 aThey lost their te

12、mper easily bAnd he is easily hurt; he is not tough (13)firm,firmly firm 作副詞與firmly 意義相同,它僅置于動(dòng)詞之后,但它僅用于某 些搭配中,如hold firm(抓牢),stand firm(立穩(wěn))。 aWhether I lose my job through this strike,I stand firm by you bAlways hold firm to your beliefs firmly 意為“牢牢地、堅(jiān)定地”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞之前,也可置于 動(dòng)詞之后。 aI firmly believe in c

13、ollective leadership bI had to speak firmly to him (14)full,fully full 作副詞意為“直接、迎面”,它不可置于動(dòng)詞之前。此外,它 還用于下面短語中:full many(很多),full well(很好)。 aThe blow hit him full in the face fully 意為“完全、全部、充分、整整”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞之前,也 可置于動(dòng)詞之后。 bEven now I don't fully understand why cI answered the question fully (15)bright,

14、brightly bright 作副詞意為“明亮”,它只能和shine 連用,并且只可放在 shine 之后。 aThe sun shone bright bShe asked which of the two lamps shone brighter brightly 意為“明亮、鮮艷”,它可置于動(dòng)詞之后,也可置于過去 分詞之前。 cThe stars are shining brightly dThe temple is colourful and brightly painted (16)just,justly just 作副詞常表示強(qiáng)調(diào),意為“就在、正好、正要、剛才”,它常 放在所強(qiáng)調(diào)

15、或修飾的詞前。 aHe is just a child bHe lives just round the corner justly 意為“正當(dāng)?shù)亍⒐亍?,它可以放在?dòng)詞后,也可放在過 去分詞之前。 cHe was treated justly dHe was justly punished for his crimes (17)sound,soundly sound 作副詞意為“熟睡”,它常與asleep 連用。另外,它有時(shí)可 置于sleep 后代替soundly。 aThe child was sound asleep bHe was sleeping sound soundly 除了“

16、熟睡”之外,還可以表示“痛打、大敗、健康地”, 可置于動(dòng)詞之后或過去分詞之前。 aThough he slept soundly,he awoke instantly bIn the football match Oxford was soundly beaten by Cambridge cThe national economy of our country is developing steadly and soundly (18)dead,deadly dead 作副詞的主要意思是“的確、完全”,它還可以表示“突然、 正好、極其”,如 dead right(完全對(duì)),dead sure

17、(的確有把握), dead certain(完全有把握),dead tired(極度疲勞),dead slow(極 慢),dead ahead(就在前面),dead drunk(酩酊大醉),dead straight (筆直); deadly 作副詞不是“致命”(致命要用fatally),而是“非 常、極其、死了似地”。 aThe play was deadly dull bHer face was deadly pale (19)dear,dearly dear 作副詞意為“昂貴、花很高價(jià)”,常與buy,sell,cost,play 連用,不可置于動(dòng)詞之前。 aYou will have t

18、o pay dear for that telephone bHe sells his goods very dear dearly 意為“深深地、非常”,它表示“昂貴”時(shí),常作比喻,它 既可置于動(dòng)詞前,也可置于動(dòng)詞后。 cHe loved his father dearly dVictory was dearly won (20)inward,inwardly inward 意為“向內(nèi)、向中心”,它只可置于動(dòng)詞后。 aThe door opened inward into the room inwardly 意為“在內(nèi)心里、暗自”,它可以放在句首、動(dòng)詞之后或 過去分詞之前。 bInwardl

19、y,he disliked his guest cHe spoke inwardly dHe was inwardly assured by her sincerity (21)deep,deeply deep 意為“深深地”,除了與過去分詞構(gòu)成合成詞 a deeprooted tradition(根深蒂固的傳統(tǒng)),deeprooted eyes(深陷的眼睛)之 外,它不可放在動(dòng)詞前面。 aThey dug deep for the treasure deeply 意為“深入地、深深地”,它常用來表示抽象的概念,它可 置于動(dòng)詞之后或過去分詞之前。 bI'm amazed to lear

20、n he's deeply in debt cPhilip was deeply touched by what the master said (22)direct,directly direct 意為“直接、一直”,它多用來表示時(shí)間或路程,注意它不 可置于動(dòng)詞之前。 aHe flew direct to New York directly 的意義比direct 多,它既可表示“直接”,也可表示“直 率、正對(duì)面、馬上”等意思,它既可置于動(dòng)詞后,也可置于過去分詞之 前。 bShe drove directly to school cShe answered me directly dI

21、'll be there directly eWe're not directly affected by the changes in taxation (23)flat,flatly flat 意為“平坦、直接了當(dāng)、不多不少、用降調(diào)唱”,除了在習(xí)語 flat broke(錢全花了)以外,它不可置于動(dòng)詞或過去分詞之前。 aSpread the map flat bShe told him flat cDinner will be ready in two minutes flat dShe sang the song flat flatly 意為“坦率、平坦無奇、堅(jiān)決”,它既

22、可置于動(dòng)詞前,也可 置于動(dòng)詞后。 eHe flatly refused my request fI tell you flatly I will not promise anything (24)loud,loudly loud 作副詞意為“大聲地”,常與talk,speak,sing,laugh 等詞 連用,注意它不可置于動(dòng)詞前。 aThey laughed loud and long bTry to sing louder cFacts speak louder than words loudly 除了表示“大聲”以外,還有“花哨”之意,它既可置于動(dòng) 詞后,也可置于過去分詞之前。 dHe

23、wept loudly eWhat a loudly dressed girl! (25)most,mostly most 意為“最、非?!?,注意它修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)不可置于動(dòng)詞與賓語之 間。 aI like rowing most mostly 意為“大多數(shù)、大部分、主要、在大多數(shù)情況下”。 bThe guests are mostly friends of the bride cThe medicine is mostly sugar and water dWe are mostly out on Sundays eHe enjoys a cigarette sometimes,but mostl

24、y he smokes a pipe (26)fine,finely fine 作副詞常用于口語中,相當(dāng)于 very well,它有時(shí)表示“細(xì)小”, 注意它不可置于動(dòng)詞之前。 aShe cooks fine bCut up the vegetables very fine fine 還可和過去分詞構(gòu)成合成詞,如finedrawn(畫得很好), fine-spoken(講得好),finespun(紡得精細(xì))。 finely 意為“不錯(cuò)、精細(xì)”,它可置于動(dòng)詞后,也可置于過去分詞 之前。 cI think he behaved finely dThese instruments are very f

25、inely set (27)cheap,cheaply cheap 和cheaply 意義完全相同,都是“便宜”,但在非正式文體中 或與buy,sell 連用時(shí),多用cheap。另外,動(dòng)詞之前只可用cheaply。 aHe sold it cheap bThe bus takes you there cheaply cThe radio was cheaply bought (28)first,firstly first 意為“首先、初次、開始時(shí)、第一次”,它可置于句首、句末、 動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后。 aFirst,apologize to him bWhere did you first meet

26、? first 還常用于下面一些習(xí)語中:first and foremost(首先),first and last(主要地),first come,first served(先來先買),first of all(首先),first off(首先),first things first(要事先干)。 firstly 意為“第一、首先”,它常用來列舉事例、理由等,還可用 first 代替,但它僅置于句首。 cFirstly,she didn't intend to marry at all;secondly,she meant to go on with her studies (29)h

27、igh,highly high 常用來表示具體的高度,它與某些動(dòng)詞搭配也可表示抽象,如 live high(過富裕生活),pay high(下高賭注),aim high(目標(biāo)高), run high(激昂)等,注意high 僅用來修飾動(dòng)詞。 aThe eagle flies high highly 常用于比喻,意為“高度、非?!?,它可以修飾動(dòng)詞、過去 分詞和形容詞。 bThe President highly praised the militant unity between the two countries cThis method of yours is highly scientif

28、ic (30)close,closely close 意為“接近、挨近、靠近”,多用于指具體的東西,注意該詞 不可置于動(dòng)詞或過去分詞之前。 aStand close to the wall bThere is a bus stop close to the school closely 多用于比喻,表示“仔細(xì)、緊密、嚴(yán)密”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞 前,也可置于動(dòng)詞后,還可置于過去分詞之前。 cLet's unite still more closely dThe little baby was closely looked after by her mother (31)clear,clear

29、ly clear 和某些詞連用時(shí)意思與 clearly 相同,如 speak loud and clear(大聲清楚地說),shine clear(照得很亮),但如有表示程度 的副詞修飾時(shí),則要用 clearly。 aHe speak quite(very)clearly clear 還可與某些介詞短語連用,表示“完全、一直”。 bThe bullet went clear through the door 另外,除了在合成詞clearcut 中以外,clear 不可放在動(dòng)詞或過 去分詞之前。 clearly 意為“清楚、明顯”,它可置于句首、句末、動(dòng)詞后或過去 分詞之前。 cClearly

30、she no longer included him among her friends dI expressed myself clearly (32)fair,fairly fair 作副詞表示“公道、直接”,它一般置于動(dòng)詞之后,并常用于 下面幾個(gè)搭配和短語中:play fair(公平對(duì)待或公平比賽),fight fair (以適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▽?duì)付敵手),bid fair to(似乎可能),fair and square (老實(shí))。 fairly 意為“公道地、完全地、相當(dāng)?shù)亍?,它可置于?dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞 后,并可修飾形容詞。 aHe was treated quite fair bHis sugge

31、stion fairly took my breath cIt was a fairly large house of yellow brick (33)wide,widely wide 意為“廣大、廣闊、全部、偏斜”,它只可置于動(dòng)詞之后。另 外,它還用于短語far and wide(到處)中。 aOpen your mouth wide bThe arrow fell wide of the mark widely 意為“到處、廣泛”,它可置于動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后,還可修飾 過去分詞或形容詞。 cHe is widely known dThey differ widely eHe has trav

32、elled widely (34)tight,tightly tight 和tightly 意義相同,都表示“緊緊地”,它們的區(qū)別在于: 動(dòng)詞后多用tight,但也可用tightly;動(dòng)詞和過去分詞前只可用 tightly。另外,習(xí)語sit tight(堅(jiān)持觀點(diǎn)、原地不動(dòng))中的 tight 不 可改為tightly。 aThe door was shut tight bThe luggage was tightly packed cFasten it tightly (35)short,shortly short 作副詞意為“突然地”,它僅置于動(dòng)詞后,例:He stopped shortsho

33、rtly 意為“簡短、明快”,它可以置于動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后,還 可置于介詞短語前。 aHe explained his meaning shortly but clearly bShortly after that the police arrived cHe answered me rather shortly (36)sharp,sharply sharp 作副詞意為“突然、急劇、準(zhǔn)時(shí)”,它僅置于動(dòng)詞后。 aTurn sharp left bHe came here at seven o'clock sharp sharply 意為“急劇、嚴(yán)厲、機(jī)警”,它可置于動(dòng)詞前或動(dòng)詞后,還 可放

34、在過去分詞前。 cThe road turns very sharply dHe sharply criticized them 注意下面兩個(gè)句子的意思不同: Look sharp!當(dāng)心(趕快)! Look sharply!警惕地看著! (37)slow,slowly slow 作副詞僅和go,drive,等幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞連用,除了和how 連用可 放在動(dòng)詞前外,它只可置于動(dòng)詞后。 aTell the driver to go slower bHow slow the time passes! slowly 意思和slow 相同,但比slow 用得更廣泛,它既可置于動(dòng)詞 之前,也可置于動(dòng)詞之后。 c

35、He slowly realized his position dThe leaves browned slowly (38)rough,roughly rough 作副詞用得較少,意為“粗暴、簡單”,它只可置于動(dòng)詞之后。 另外,在下面習(xí)語中,rough 不可改為 roughly:live rough(過簡單生 活),sleep rough(露宿),cut up rough(生氣);roughly 意為“粗 暴、粗略、粗糙、大致”,它既可置于動(dòng)詞前,也可置于動(dòng)詞后。 aHe treated her rough bIt won't stand being handled roughtly (39)near,nearly near 意為“近、在附近、臨近、接近”。它僅置于動(dòng)詞后。另外, 還用于下面短語中:as near as = nearly,near at hand = within easy reach,not near = far from,near by = not far off,come near to almost,far and near = everywhere; nearly 意為“幾乎

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