情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)案高三英語備課組 牛洪濤2012-10-14教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般時(shí)的基本用法，尤其是can/could/may/might/must表推測、canttoo、must表示“偏要”shall、should以及wont的用法。2.掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)的基本用法以及和虛擬語氣的聯(lián)系。3.掌握虛擬語氣的用法。1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could請根據(jù)例句歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/could的用法： She can drive, but she cant ride a bicycle.思考：be able to 和can/could怎么區(qū)別：The fire spread through

2、 the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out.Can I use your phone?思考：Could I use your phone? 是否正確？Can he be a student?He cant be a student. Children are generally lovely, but they can be tiring sometimes. Even experienced teachers can make mistakes. He is such a great man that we can no

3、t praise him too much. You can never be too careful.2. May & might的用法May I use your camera?思考:可否用can/could/Might代替上一句中的may？He may be a student.Since we have nothing better to do, we may/might as well go for a walk3. Must的用法-Must I wash the dishes at once? -Yes, you must. -No, you neednt. You mustnt

4、smoke here.He must be a student.Must you make so much noise while I am working?If you must know, Im going to help him look for an apartment.總結(jié)：can/may/must表示“推測”的區(qū)別： He may be a student, but I am not sure. He must be a student, I bet.4. need & dare的用法 You neednt tell him about it. She dare not do so

5、. I need to buy a book. She dares to do so. She dares not (to) do so.5. shall的用法： Shall we go out for a walk?Shall the driver wait outside？ You shall go to the front at once. He shall be sorry one day. I tell you. Dont worry. You shall get the answer this very afternoon. Nothing shall stop us from f

6、ighting against pollution.6.should的用法： You should apologize to him.We should attend the meeting. The photo should be ready by 12.The concert should be great fun. Im surprised that you should be so rude to the young lady.Its a pity that he should fail in the exam.7.Will的用法：I can lend the book to you

7、if you will read it.The door wont open. My car wont start.6. Would 的用法：Would you mind my opening the window?I would like to join in your discussion.I would often go skating when I was a child.We would often stay up all night talking about our future.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)的用法： can/could have done 的用法： Can/Could he

8、have left? He cant have forgotten it. You could have arrived earlier.2. May & Might have doneHe may/might have left. He may have arrived earlier.3. Must have doneIt must have rained last night, for the road is wet.注意：must 用于完成時(shí)只有這一個(gè)用法，不存在mustnt have done的用法。 4.其它一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞完成時(shí)的用法： You should have/should

9、nt have told her the truth. You ought to have told her the truth. You ought not to have told her the truth. You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house. 虛擬語氣的用法： 虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的運(yùn)用: 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)： 條件句： 主句： .If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. .If I knew the answer

10、, I would tell you.與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)：從句：主句： If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam. If I had known the answer then, I would have told you. 與將來事實(shí)相反條件句：主句： If it snowed/should snow/ were to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting. 錯(cuò)綜條件句If I had taken your advice then, I wouldnt have s

11、o much trouble now.注意：從句中的if有時(shí)可以省略，但要把were, had, should提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句。 If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. Were I you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. If you had taken my advice, you would have passed the exam. Had you taken my advice, you would have passed the exam.If it should

12、 snow/ were to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting. Should/Were it to snow tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.2.其它形式的虛擬語氣： wish后的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，表示一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。 I wish that I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. I wish that I had met the film star yesterday. I wish that I could meet the

13、 film star tomorrow.總結(jié)：表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)黼y以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，句子構(gòu)成為： 表示與過去難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，句子構(gòu)成為：if only的用法與wish相同。.If only I had met the film star yesterday. .If only I were a bird. He suggested that we (should) start off early in the morning. His suggestion is that we (should) start off early in the morning. He made a suggestion

14、that we (should) start off early in the morning. It is suggested that we (should) start off early in the morning. It is high/about time that 句型中，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形（其中should不能省略）。 It is (high) time that you _ (go) to school. It is (high) time that you _ (go) to school. as/as though引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)也要用虛擬語氣。 He walks as if he _(ill). He walks as if he _(ill) to escape being punished.4. 含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬的情況不以if引導(dǎo)的條件從句形式表現(xiàn)出來，而是通過一個(gè)介詞短語、連詞或其它形式表示。常用的連詞或介詞短語有：without, with, but for, otherwise, or, but等。 Without your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time. But for your help, we couldnt have fi