外研版必修五module2重點(diǎn)知識(shí)與練習(xí)

1、.單詞薈萃1. _ adj.令人滿意的 _ adj.感到滿意的 satisfy v使人滿意 _ n. 滿意 2._ adj. 充滿壓力的，緊張的 _ adj.感到壓力的 stress n. 壓力 v強(qiáng)調(diào)3. volunteer n志愿者v. 志愿，自愿 _ adj. 志愿的，義務(wù)的4. direct v. 指揮，指導(dǎo)，指路adj.直接的，坦率的 adv.直接地 _ adv.直接地；立即，馬上 _ n. 指導(dǎo)，指揮，方向 _ n指導(dǎo)者，主管；董事；導(dǎo)演directory n. (電話)號(hào)碼簿5._ adj. 合格的，稱職的 _ v使具有資格，使合格 qualification n資格， 限制條件

2、6. _ v. 凍僵 ，凍??；使呆住n.(物價(jià)或工資的)凍結(jié) _ adj. 極冷的 _ adj.被凍住的，冷凍的freezer n. 冰箱7. _ vt.簽字；做手勢(shì)示意n. 跡象，征兆；標(biāo)牌；手勢(shì) signature n簽名8. apply v. 申請(qǐng) ，應(yīng)用 _n. 申請(qǐng)，申請(qǐng)書9. require v. 需要，要求 _ n. 要求，必要條件10. _ v. 遭受(痛苦)，經(jīng)歷suffering n痛苦，苦難 11._ n個(gè)性，性格 _ adj.私人的， 親自的 _ adv.就個(gè)人而言；親自 person n人.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)1尤其；特別 2平均 3. 脫離；墜落；分開 4理論上；從理論上來說

3、5實(shí)際上；實(shí)踐中 6遵守規(guī)則 7靠生活 8以為理所當(dāng)然 9經(jīng)過 10對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響 11志愿/主動(dòng)做某事 12要求某人來，召喚出動(dòng) 13一周又一周 14占據(jù) 15適合/有資格做某事 16. (未)注意到 17申請(qǐng) 18作為的回應(yīng) 19休假一天 20與有關(guān) in particular on average come off in theory in practice respect/obey the rules live on takefor granted pass by have an effect on volunteer to do sth. call out week in, week o

4、ut take up be qualified for sth./to do sth. take (no) notice of apply for in response to have a day off be related to .佳句再現(xiàn)1Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle _ the road _ . 盡管交通量不大，但平均每?jī)芍軙?huì)有一輛車掉下公路。2But often they just _,_ _ . 但他們經(jīng)常只是從他身邊駛過，把人體交通標(biāo)志看作理所當(dāng)然的事情。3. _ send me

5、more information about the post(s) available. 如果你們能把更多的有關(guān)這些工作的信息寄給我的話，本人將非常感激。4I _ your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter. 我現(xiàn)在寫信應(yīng)征你的廣告，求一份當(dāng)服務(wù)員的臨時(shí)工作。.詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1offervi. & vt. 主動(dòng)提出，提議；出價(jià) n. 建議；提供；出價(jià)(1)offer to do sth. 主動(dòng)提出做某事offer sb. sth.offer sth. to sb向某人提供某物(2)offer money for sth. 出錢買某

6、物offer sth. for money 要價(jià)賣某物【活學(xué)活用】1根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子He _ me. 他主動(dòng)提出幫助我。2單項(xiàng)填空Theyve _ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?Aprovided Bsupplied Cshown Doffered【解析】 D本題考查offer表示“出價(jià)”的意思。offer sb. some money for sth. 意為“向某人出價(jià)買某物”，又由“Shall we take it? ”可知offer最符合句意。 2applyvi. (to make a formal request)申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求

7、；(to have an effect on or to concern a particular person, group, or situation)適用(1)application n. 申請(qǐng)；申請(qǐng)書；應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用 applicant n. 申請(qǐng)人(2)apply (to sb./sth.) for sth.(向某人/某組織)申請(qǐng)某物apply to do sth. 申請(qǐng)做某事 apply sth. to sth. 將某物應(yīng)用于某物apply to適用于apply oneself to sth./doing sth.專心致力于(做)某事【活學(xué)活用】(1)Im going to _ . 我

8、打算申請(qǐng)那個(gè)職位。(2)Do the same rules _ ? 同樣的規(guī)則是否適用于兼職工人？(3)The new technology _ farming. 這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)。3requirevt. 需要，要求(1)requirement n.所需要的東西；必要的條件，必備的條件meet/satisfy requirements 滿足需要/必備的條件 (2)require that sb.(should) do sth. 要求/需要某人做某事require sb. to do sth. 要求/需要某人做某事require sth. of sb.向某人要求某物 require doi

9、ng需要被做(3)as required按照要求 required reading指定讀物【易混辨析】require, request和demand不同點(diǎn)：(1) require意為“要求”，表示“要求所必需的東西；法律、協(xié)議、規(guī)章以及其他客觀情況的要求”。如：If you are required to do or have something, a law or rule says you must do it or have it. (2)request(to ask for sth. officially)意為“請(qǐng)求”，表示“有禮貌的請(qǐng)求；正式的請(qǐng)求”。 (3)demand(to as

10、k for something very firmly，especially because you think you have a right to do this)意為“要求”，表示“有正當(dāng)權(quán)利的要求”，因此含有“堅(jiān)決或強(qiáng)烈要求”的意思。(4)require 和demand 都可以表示“需要”的意思，而request 無此用法。如：This sport demands patience and strength. 這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)需要耐力和體力。The matter requires careful handling. 這件事情需要謹(jǐn)慎處理。(5)require/request sb. to d

11、obe required/requested to do；demand to do；demand sb. to do()(6)“require 動(dòng)名詞”時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式的動(dòng)名詞具有被動(dòng)意義，而demand，request無此種用法。如：My car requires ( wants/needs) repairing. 我的汽車需要修理。相同點(diǎn)：demand，require和request都可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，并且從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should 動(dòng)詞原形”形式，其中should可以省略?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)His health requires that _ . 照他的健康狀況而論，他需

12、要早睡。(2)I requested them _ such a noise. 我請(qǐng)求他們別這樣喧鬧。 (3)The house _ .這房子需要刷油漆。(4)I _ the truth. 我要求知道真相。4.demandn. & v. 要求；需要；查問(1)demanding adj. 要求高的，需要高技能(耐心等)的，費(fèi)力的；苛求的(2)demand that sb. (should)do sth.要求某人做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand sth. from/of 向要求，向索取(3) in demand非常需要的； 受歡迎的 meet/satisfy o

13、nes demands滿足某人的需要 (the/a great)demand for對(duì)的需求【活學(xué)活用】(1) He demands that _ everything. He demands _ everything.他要求將一切都告訴他。(2)“Where are you going？”she _ . “你要去哪里？”她氣勢(shì)洶洶地問。(3)Good secretaries are always _ . 好的秘書總是非常需要的。(4)This is a _ job. So there is _ skilled workers.這是一份要求很高的工作。因此很需要技術(shù)熟練的工人。5sufferv

14、i.&vt. (to experience physical or mental pain or sth. unpleasant )遭受/經(jīng)歷(痛苦等)；吃苦頭，受損害(1)suffering n. 疼痛，苦難，痛苦(2)suffer from 受之苦，患之病suffer pain/damage/loss/a defeat遭受痛苦/損害/損失/失敗【活學(xué)活用】(1) Your studies will suffer if you play too much football. (英譯漢) 你要是總踢足球， _。 (2)Do you _ headaches?你受頭痛的困擾嗎？6available

15、adj. (of things) that can be used or obtained (指物)可用的或可得到的；(of people) free to be seen, talked to, etc.(指人)可會(huì)見的，有空的【活學(xué)活用】(1) _ from the box office. 在售票處可以買到票。(2) _ in the afternoon. 我下午有空。 【活學(xué)活用】(1)We like to read Lu Xuns essays _ . 我們特別喜歡讀魯迅的文章。(2)He is very _ food. 他吃東西特別挑剔。.短語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)1in particular(esp

16、ecially)尤其，特別be particular about/over sth. 對(duì)某事挑剔；對(duì)某物講究2pass by(sb./sth.)to go past a person, place, vehicle, etc.經(jīng)過(1)passerby n. 過路者(復(fù)數(shù)passersby) (2)pass away 去世(委婉的說法)pass sth. down (from sb. to sb.)把往下傳,傳給后人pass sth. on (to sb.) 把某物傳給(某人)【活學(xué)活用】(1)Somebody _ asked me the way to the square. 一個(gè)過路人向我

17、打聽去廣場(chǎng)的路。(2)Please _ the other students. 請(qǐng)把口信傳給其他的同學(xué)。3take sb./sth. for granted視某人/某事為當(dāng)然take it for granted that (to believe that sth. is true without making sure)理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為【活學(xué)活用】(1)Dont _ . 不要把他的幫助視為理所當(dāng)然。(2)I _ that youd want to come with us, so I bought you a ticket. 我理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為你想和我們一起去，所以給你買了一張票。4take u

18、p占據(jù)(時(shí)間/空間)；開始從事(愛好或工作)；接受(挑戰(zhàn)等)；繼續(xù)講/做；站好位置以備take back承認(rèn)說了錯(cuò)話；收回某言語(yǔ)；退回 take down記下take in欺騙/蒙騙； 吸入； 收留；領(lǐng)會(huì)，理解take on呈現(xiàn)(某種性質(zhì)、樣子等)；雇用；接受(工作)；承擔(dān)(責(zé)任等)【活學(xué)活用】1根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇take up合適的意義afill or occupy (the specified space or time)bto become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing itc.to start a new job o

19、r have a new responsibilityd. to accept an offer, or a challenge e. to move to the exact place where you should be, so that you are ready to do sth.f. to continue a story or activity that you or somebody else has begun, after a short break(1)When did you take up gardening? _(2)The little time I had

20、outside of school was taken up with work. _(3)Rick took up the challenge and cycled the 250mile route alone. _(4)Ill take up the story where you left off. _(5)Peter will take up the management of the finance department. _(6)The runners are taking up their positions on the starting line. _2根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用take短

21、語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Her face _ a fierce expression. (2)Dont _too much workthe extra cash isnt worth it. (3)Youd better _ that remark!(4)He _ his first teaching post in 1990. 3單項(xiàng)填空The crazy fans of Jay Chou arrived at his concert hall two hours earlier to _ the front row seats. Atake out Btake off Ctake on Dt

22、ake up【解析】 D本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。take up意為“占據(jù)(位置)，占用(時(shí)間)”；take out意為“帶出去，領(lǐng)取”；take on意為“呈現(xiàn)，承擔(dān)，聘用，接納”；take off意為“起飛，脫下，休假”。句意為：周杰倫的歌迷提前兩個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)演唱會(huì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，是為了占前排的座位。5live on以某物為食；靠生活；繼續(xù)生活或存在live up to符合(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))；不負(fù)(盛名)；履行(諾言)live by doing sth. 靠做某事為生【活學(xué)活用】(1) Mozart is dead but his music _ . 莫扎特人已作古， 但他的音樂作品卻萬(wàn)世流傳。(2)My sala

23、ry isnt enough for us _ . 我的薪水不夠我們生活。(3)He failed to _ his parents expectations/his principles. 他辜負(fù)了父母的期望/沒有遵守自己的原則。6call out要求某人來，召喚出動(dòng)(尤指處理緊急情況)；大聲說出(1)call by/round順路拜訪，短暫地訪問call at a place 訪問某地 call on sb. 拜訪某人(2)call for sb./sth. 去接某人；需要，要求 call on/upon sb. to do sth.邀請(qǐng)某人講話等；號(hào)召或促使某人做某事call in 召來

24、，叫來；請(qǐng)來幫忙call sb./sth. up給某人打電話/使回憶起、使想起某物【注意事項(xiàng)】call的短語(yǔ)較多，也很容易混淆，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的例句及其短語(yǔ)的英語(yǔ)解釋體會(huì)其含義，并掌握用法。(1)The army has been called out to help fight fires. 軍隊(duì)已經(jīng)被派出協(xié)助滅火。(to ask sb. to come, especially to an emergency)(2)The situation calls for prompt action. 形勢(shì)所迫， 必須立即采取行動(dòng)。(require, demand or need sth.)(3)I no

25、w call upon the chairman to address the meeting. 我現(xiàn)在邀請(qǐng)主席向大會(huì)致辭。(to formally invite or ask sb. to speak, etc.)(4)So I call on all to help those who are suffering. 所以我號(hào)召所有的人來幫助那些正在受苦的人。(to appeal to or urge sb. to do sth.)(5)We must call in a doctor. 我們必須請(qǐng)位醫(yī)生。(to ask for the services of sb.)【活學(xué)活用】1根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)

26、意思完成句子(1)She _ to her father for help. 她大聲向她爸爸喊救命。(2)Ill _ you at 7 oclock.我7點(diǎn)鐘到你家接你。(3)Ive been promoted.This _ a celebration!“我升職了?！薄澳堑脩c祝一下！”(4)The sound of happy laughter _ memories of his childhood. 這歡笑聲使他回憶起了童年時(shí)代的情景。2單項(xiàng)填空Ill _ and see my mother on my way home. A. call on B. call out C. call at

27、D. call by【解析】 D句意為：我要在回家的路上順便看看我的媽媽。A、C、D三項(xiàng)都可以表示“拜訪”，call on和call at分別要加人和地點(diǎn)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，call by則不能加賓語(yǔ)，因此D正確。.句型學(xué)習(xí)Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on. 有時(shí)候司機(jī)們給他一點(diǎn)小費(fèi)，使他能夠維持生活。句型公式“名詞to do”，不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞【注意事項(xiàng)】(1)不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，與其所修飾的詞之間在邏輯上有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系、主謂關(guān)系等。試比較：He needs a room to

28、live in. (動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)他需要有一間房子住。He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (主謂關(guān)系)他總是第一個(gè)來，最后一個(gè)走。The meeting to be held tomorrow is about quality education. (不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示將來的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作)明天要開的會(huì)是關(guān)于素質(zhì)教育的。(2)當(dāng)不定式和所修飾的名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，不及物動(dòng)詞后面的介詞不能遺漏。I need a room to put all my things in. 我需要一個(gè)房間把我所有的東西都放進(jìn)去?！净顚W(xué)活用】1根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思

29、完成句子John is a pleasant fellow _ .約翰是一個(gè)容易相處的好伙伴。2單項(xiàng)填空I would like to buy an expensive camera. Well，we have several models_.Ato choose from Bto choose Cto be chosen Dfor choice【解析】 AB、C兩項(xiàng)有較大干擾性。根據(jù)上文buy an expensive camera可以得知導(dǎo)購(gòu)在此讓“我”從several models中選一款。to choose from 在此意為to choose one from several mod

30、els。本句中to choose from似乎沒有邏輯主語(yǔ)， 然而本句相當(dāng)于We have several models for you to choose from。 .選詞填空l(shuí)ive on，apply for，pass by，in particular，in response to1.I like many science subjects and _ physics is my favorite. 2. You cant _ your parents since you are grown up.3. The man hid behind a tree, ready to attack

31、 whoever might_.4. I am writing _ your letter of June 1st. 5. Many college graduates would like to _ a job as a teacher.單項(xiàng)填空12010湖北卷 Had she _ her promise，she would have made it to Yale University. Alooked up to Blived up to Ckept up with Dcome up with【解析】 B本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。這里是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，句意為：如果她履行她的諾言的話，她就在耶魯大學(xué)

32、讀書了。look up to表示“尊敬”；live up to實(shí)踐，遵守，不辜負(fù)；keep up with跟上；come up with提出(辦法)。2When getting around in a new city alone, you should take particular _ of the road signs so as not to get lost. Apride Bcare Cnotice Dcharge【解析】 Ctake notice of留意，注意到。3Old memories are often _ when you hear a particular song

33、or a piece of music. A. called in B. called on C. called for D. called up【解析】 D本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。call up使回想起，符合語(yǔ)境。call in召來，請(qǐng)來；call on拜訪，號(hào)召； call for需要，要求。4The air is deadly polluted because some factories dont _ the rules to protect the environment. Aappreciate Bregard Chonor Drespect【解析】 D本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。respect 除表示“對(duì)某人的意見、行為、品德及才華等的尊重”外，還表示“遵守某事物”。appreciate 強(qiáng)調(diào)“理解并欣賞其價(jià)值”；regard指“十分尊重”，并含有“愛戴”之意；honor指“公開表示尊重”。由題意可知，“空氣被嚴(yán)重污染是由于一些工廠沒有遵守保護(hù)環(huán)境的制度”，故選D。5I am sick and tired of my husband _ me fo