網(wǎng)頁(yè)制作外文翻譯

1、畢業(yè)論文外文資料翻譯學(xué) 院：物理科學(xué)與電子技術(shù)學(xué)院專 業(yè)：物理學(xué)（光電技術(shù)）姓 名：陳金學(xué) 號(hào)：11223112外文出處：Website Design and Construction附 件：1、外文資料翻譯譯文；2、外文原文。指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語(yǔ)：陳金同學(xué)查閱的英文文獻(xiàn)與論文課題相近，符合論文外文資料翻譯要求，工作態(tài)度端正，英文翻譯較流暢，基本完成了翻譯任務(wù)。2015年4月16日簽名： 附件1：外文資料翻譯譯文網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與制作摘要 論文將對(duì)個(gè)人網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與制作的方法、工具等展開研究和探討。在介紹網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與制作語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)上，著重使用JavaScript作為工具語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與制作的實(shí)際操作，分別對(duì)基于對(duì)

2、象的JavaScript語(yǔ)言、內(nèi)部對(duì)象系統(tǒng)的使用及WEB頁(yè)面信息交互窗口和框架進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描述，并利用具體的實(shí)例進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。1.前言隨著21世紀(jì)的到來(lái)，人們更深切地感受到計(jì)算機(jī)在生活和工作中的作用越來(lái)越重要，越來(lái)越來(lái)的職業(yè)需要具有計(jì)算機(jī)的應(yīng)用技能。掌握計(jì)算機(jī)是職業(yè)的需要，更是事業(yè)發(fā)展的需要。網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)與制作是計(jì)算機(jī)能力的具體表現(xiàn)，本章主要介紹網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)知識(shí)。 1.1 網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)概述 網(wǎng)站是企業(yè)向用戶和網(wǎng)民提供信息(包括產(chǎn)品和服務(wù))的一種方式,是企業(yè)開展電子商務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和信息平臺(tái)，離開網(wǎng)站（或者只是利用第三方網(wǎng)站）去談電子商務(wù)是不可能的。企業(yè)的網(wǎng)址被稱為“網(wǎng)絡(luò)商標(biāo)”，也

3、是企業(yè)無(wú)形資產(chǎn)的組成部分，而網(wǎng)站是INTERNET上宣傳和反映企業(yè)形象和文化的重要窗口。 1.2 網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的要素 網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的兩大要素是：整體風(fēng)格和色彩搭配。 一、確定網(wǎng)站的整體風(fēng)格 第二章  HTML網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 2.1 HTML語(yǔ)言介紹 HTML（HyperText Mark-up Language）即超文本標(biāo)記語(yǔ)言或超文本鏈接標(biāo)示語(yǔ)言，是目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)上應(yīng)用最為廣泛的語(yǔ)言，也是構(gòu)成網(wǎng)頁(yè)文檔的主要語(yǔ)言。 HTML文本是由HTML命令組成的描述性文本，HTML命令可

4、以說(shuō)明文字、圖形、動(dòng)畫、聲音、表格、鏈接等。HTML的結(jié)構(gòu)包括頭部（Head）、主體（Body）兩大部分，其中頭部描述瀏覽器所需的信息，而主體則包含所要說(shuō)明的具體內(nèi)容。  HTML語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn) HTML文檔制作不是很復(fù)雜，且功能強(qiáng)大，支持不同數(shù)據(jù)格式的文件鑲?cè)耄@也是WWW盛行的原因之一，HTML語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)如下： 1、簡(jiǎn)易性，HTML版本升級(jí)采用超集方式，從而更加靈活方便。 2、可擴(kuò)展性，HTML語(yǔ)言的廣泛應(yīng)用帶來(lái)了加強(qiáng)功能，增加標(biāo)識(shí)符等要求，HTML采取子類元素的方式，為系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展帶來(lái)保證。 3、平臺(tái)無(wú)關(guān)性。雖然PC機(jī)大行其道，但使用M

5、AC等其他機(jī)器的大有人在，HTML可以使用在廣泛的平臺(tái)上，這也是WWW盛行的另一個(gè)原因。  HTML語(yǔ)言的編輯軟件 HTML的本質(zhì)是文本，需要瀏覽器的解釋，HTML的編輯器大體可以分為三種： 1、基本編輯軟件，使用WINDOWS自帶的記事本或?qū)懽职娑伎梢跃帉?，?dāng)然，如果你用WPS來(lái)編寫，也可以。不過(guò)存盤時(shí)請(qǐng)使用.htm或.html作為擴(kuò)展名，這樣瀏覽器就可以解釋執(zhí)行了。 2、半所見即所得軟件，這種軟件能大大提高開發(fā)效率，它可以使你在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)做出Homepage，且可以學(xué)習(xí)HTML，這種類型的軟件主要有HOTDOG，還有國(guó)產(chǎn)的軟件網(wǎng)頁(yè)作坊。&

6、#160;3、所見即所得軟件，使用最廣泛的編輯器，完全可以一點(diǎn)不懂HTML的知識(shí)就可以做出網(wǎng)頁(yè)。        第二章  HTML網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用    JavaScript技術(shù)在網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)用 一、JavaScript概述 JavaScript是一種基于對(duì)象(Object)和事件驅(qū)動(dòng)(Event Driven)并具有安全性能的腳本語(yǔ)言。使用它的目的是與HTML超文本標(biāo)記語(yǔ)言、Java 腳本語(yǔ)言（Java小程序）一

7、起實(shí)現(xiàn)在一個(gè)Web頁(yè)面中鏈接多個(gè)對(duì)象，與Web客戶交互作用。從而可以開發(fā)客戶端的應(yīng)用程序等。它是通過(guò)嵌入或調(diào)入在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的HTML語(yǔ)言中實(shí)現(xiàn)的。它的出現(xiàn)彌補(bǔ)了HTML語(yǔ)言的缺陷，它是Java與HTML折衷的選擇，具有以下幾個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)：  1、是一種腳本編寫語(yǔ)言 JavaScript是一種腳本語(yǔ)言，它采用小程序段的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)編程。像其它腳本語(yǔ)言一樣,JavaScript同樣已是一種解釋性語(yǔ)言,它提供了一個(gè)易的開發(fā)過(guò)程。 它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)形式與C、C+、VB、Delphi十分類似。但它不像這些語(yǔ)言一樣，需要先編譯，而是在程序運(yùn)行過(guò)程中被逐行地解釋。它與HTML標(biāo)識(shí)結(jié)合

8、在一起，從而方便用戶的使用操作。  2、基于對(duì)象的語(yǔ)言。 JavaScript是一種基于對(duì)象的語(yǔ)言，同時(shí)以可以看作一種面向?qū)ο蟮?。這意味著它能運(yùn)用自己已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象。因此，許多功能可以來(lái)自于腳本環(huán)境中對(duì)象的方法與腳本的相互作用。  3、簡(jiǎn)單性 JavaScript的簡(jiǎn)單性主要體現(xiàn)在：首先它是一種基于Java基本語(yǔ)句和控制流之上的簡(jiǎn)單而緊湊的設(shè)計(jì), 從而對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)Java是一種非常好的過(guò)渡。其次它的變量類型是采用弱類型，并未使用嚴(yán)格的數(shù)據(jù)類型。  4、安全性 JavaScript是一種安全性語(yǔ)言，它

9、不允許訪問(wèn)本地的硬盤，并不能將數(shù)據(jù)存入到服務(wù)器上，不允許對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)文檔進(jìn)行修改和刪除，只能通過(guò)瀏覽器實(shí)現(xiàn)信息瀏覽或動(dòng)態(tài)交互。從而有效地防止數(shù)據(jù)的丟失。  5、動(dòng)態(tài)性的 JavaScript是動(dòng)態(tài)的，它可以直接對(duì)用戶或客戶輸入做出響應(yīng)，無(wú)須經(jīng)過(guò)Web服務(wù)程序。它對(duì)用戶的反映響應(yīng)，是采用以事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的方式進(jìn)行的。所謂事件驅(qū)動(dòng)，就是指在主頁(yè)(Home Page)中執(zhí)行了某種操作所產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，就稱為“事件”(Event)。比如按下鼠標(biāo)、移動(dòng)窗口、選擇菜單等都可以視為事件。當(dāng)事件發(fā)生后，可能會(huì)引起相應(yīng)的事件響應(yīng)。  6、跨平臺(tái)性 JavaS

10、cript是依賴于瀏覽器本身，與操作環(huán)境無(wú)關(guān)，只要能運(yùn)行瀏覽器的計(jì)算機(jī)，并支持JavaScript的瀏覽器就可正確執(zhí)行。從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了“編寫一次,走遍天下”的夢(mèng)想。  實(shí)際上JavaScript最杰出之處在于可以用很小的程序做大量的事。無(wú)須有高性能的電腦，軟件僅需一個(gè)字處理軟件及一瀏覽器，無(wú)須WEB服務(wù)器通道，通過(guò)自己的電腦即可完成所有的事情。 總之，JavaScript 是一種新的描述語(yǔ)言，它可以被箝入到 HTML 的文件之中。 JavaScript語(yǔ)言可以做到回應(yīng)使用者的需求事件 (如：form的輸入) 

11、，而不用任何的網(wǎng)路來(lái)回傳輸資料，所以當(dāng)一位使用者輸入一項(xiàng)資料時(shí)，它不用經(jīng)過(guò)傳給伺服端 (server)處理，再傳回來(lái)的過(guò)程，而直接可以被客戶端 (client) 的應(yīng)用程式所處理。第三章  WEB頁(yè)面信息的交互窗體與框架 要實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)頁(yè)的動(dòng)態(tài)交互，必須掌握有關(guān)窗體對(duì)象（Form）和框架對(duì)象（Frames）更為復(fù)雜的知識(shí)。 3.1窗體基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 窗體對(duì)象可以使設(shè)計(jì)人員能用窗體中不同的元素與客戶機(jī)用戶相交互，而用不著在之前首先進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)輸入，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)改變Web文檔的行為。 3.1.1窗體對(duì)象 窗體（F

12、orm）：它構(gòu)成了Web頁(yè)面的基本元素。通常一個(gè)Web頁(yè)面有一個(gè)窗體或幾個(gè)窗體，使用Forms數(shù)組來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)不同窗體的訪問(wèn)。 窗體對(duì)象的方法 窗體對(duì)象的方法只有一個(gè)-submit()方法，該方法主要功用就是實(shí)現(xiàn)窗體信息的提交。 窗體對(duì)象的屬性 窗體對(duì)象中的屬性主要包括以下：elements name action target encoding method。 除Elements外，其它幾個(gè)均反映了窗體中標(biāo)識(shí)中相應(yīng)屬性的狀態(tài)，這通常是單個(gè)窗體標(biāo)識(shí)；而elements常常是多個(gè)窗體元素值的數(shù)組。

13、60;訪問(wèn)窗體對(duì)象 在JavaScript中訪問(wèn)窗體對(duì)象可由兩種方法實(shí)現(xiàn)： （1）通過(guò)訪問(wèn)窗體 在窗體對(duì)象的屬性中首先必須指定其窗體名，而后就可以通過(guò)下列標(biāo)識(shí)訪問(wèn)窗體如：document.Mytable()。 （2）通過(guò)數(shù)組來(lái)訪問(wèn)窗體 除了使用窗體名來(lái)訪問(wèn)窗體外，還可以使用窗體對(duì)象數(shù)組來(lái)訪問(wèn)窗體對(duì)象。但需要注意一點(diǎn)，因窗體對(duì)象是由瀏覽器環(huán)境的提供的，而瀏覽器環(huán)境所提供的數(shù)組下標(biāo)是由0到n。 引用窗體的先決條件 在JavaScript中要對(duì)窗體引用的條件是：必須先在頁(yè)面中用標(biāo)識(shí)創(chuàng)建窗體，并將定義窗體部分放在引用之前。 

14、;3.2 窗體中的基本元素 窗體中的基本元素由按鈕、單選按鈕、復(fù)選按鈕、提交按鈕、重置按鈕、文本框等組成。 在JavaScript中要訪問(wèn)這些基本元素，必須通過(guò)對(duì)應(yīng)特定的窗體元素的數(shù)組下標(biāo)或窗體元素名來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。每一個(gè)元素主要是通過(guò)該元素的屬性或方法來(lái)引用。3.3框架 框架Frames最主要功用是"分割"視窗，使每個(gè)"小視窗"能顯示不同的HTM L文件，不同框架之間可以互動(dòng)(interact)，這就是說(shuō)不同框架之間可以交換訊息與資料。例如:假設(shè)您開了兩個(gè)frames，第一個(gè)frame可顯示書的目錄，第二個(gè)fr

15、ame則顯示章節(jié)的具體內(nèi)容。 框架可以將屏幕分割成不同的區(qū)域，每個(gè)區(qū)域有自己的URL，通過(guò)Frames數(shù)組對(duì)象來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)不同框架的訪問(wèn)。實(shí)際上框架對(duì)象本身也一類窗口，它繼承了窗口對(duì)象的所有特征，并擁有所有的屬性和方法。利用框架的例子具體說(shuō)明3.4 框架的訪問(wèn) 在前面我們介紹過(guò)使用document.forms實(shí)現(xiàn)單一窗體中不同元素的訪問(wèn)。而要實(shí)現(xiàn)框架中多窗體的不同元素的訪問(wèn)，則必須使用window對(duì)象中的Frames屬性。Frames屬性同樣也是一個(gè)數(shù)組，他在父框架集中為每一個(gè)子框架設(shè)有一項(xiàng)。3.5 本章小結(jié)本章主要介紹框架中的基本元素的主要功能和使用，利用JavaSc

16、ript腳本可以非常方便、靈活地實(shí)現(xiàn)Web頁(yè)面更為復(fù)雜的信息交互，這是HTML標(biāo)識(shí)語(yǔ)言所不能具備的。從中可以了解到JavaScript是Web涉及人員的良好工具。Web design and productionSummary   Papers will expand the personal web design and production methods, tools and other research and discussion. Based on the introduction of web design and production of lan

17、guage, the emphasis on using the JavaScript language as a tool for the actual operation of web design and production of, respectively, based on the object of the JavaScript language, the use of internal object system and WEB pages of information exchange - windows and frameworks Detailed description

18、 of the use of specific examples and verified.1. IntroductionWith the advent of the 21st century, people are more and more important to feel the life and work of the computer's role in the increasingly professional needs to have a computer application skills deeply. Is required to master the com

19、puter profession, but also career development needs. Web design and production is a concrete manifestation of the ability of a computer, this chapter introduces the relevant knowledge of web design.1.1 Web Design OverviewWebsite is a way businesses and users to provide information (including product

20、s and services) to the user, is the enterprise e-commerce infrastructure and information platform, leave the site (or just use a third-party site) is not possible to talk about e-commerce . Corporate web site called "network brand", also part of intangible assets, and the site is an import

21、ant window of publicity and reflect the corporate image and culture on the INTERNET.Web Design Elements 1.2Two elements of web design are: overall style and color matching. First, determine the overall style of the siteApplication chapter HTML web design technology2.1 HTML language descriptionHTML (

22、HyperText Mark-up Language) ie, HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, is currently the most widely used language network, but also constitute the primary language of the document pages.HTML text is composed by HTML commands descriptive text, HTML commands can explain text, graphics, animation, sound,

23、tables, links, and so on. HTML structure includes a head (Head), the specific content of the body (Body) into two parts, of which the head of the description of the browser you want, and the body contains the desired note.Features 2.1.1 HTML languageHTML document production is not very complex and p

24、owerful, supporting different data file formats insert, which is one of the reasons for the prevalence of WWW, HTML language characteristics are as follows:1, simplicity, HTML version upgrade using a superset of the way, which is more flexible and convenient.2, scalability, widely used in HTML langu

25、age brings to strengthen capabilities and increase identifiers and other requirements, HTML elements take the form of a subclass, bring assurance system expansion.3, platform independence. While the PC is popular, but the use of MAC and other machines out there, HTML can be used on a wide range of p

26、latforms, and this is another reason for the prevalence of WWW.2.1.2 HTML language editing softwareHTML is the essence of the text, you need to explain your browser, HTML editor can be roughly divided into three types: 1, the basic editing software, using WINDOWS notepad or write version can be writ

27、ten, of course, if you use WPS to write, you can. However, please use .htm or .html as the extension, so the browser can interpret save when executed.2, semi-WYSIWYG software, which can greatly improve development efficiency, it can make you make a Homepage in a very short period of time, and you ca

28、n learn HTML, this type of software has HOTDOG, as well as domestic Software web workshop.3, WYSIWYG software, the most widely used editor, can understand a little HTML knowledge can make pages.Application chapter HTML web design technology2.2.3 JavaScript technology in web designOne, JavaScript Ove

29、rviewJavaScript is an object-based (Object) and event-driven (Event Driven) and safety performance have scripting language. Its purpose is to use HTML and HTML, Java scripting language (Java applet) link together to achieve multiple objects in a Web page, the Web client interactions. Which can devel

30、op client applications. It is by embedding or transferred in standard HTML language implemented. It appears to make up for the shortcomings of HTML language, which is a compromise choice for Java and HTML, has the following basic characteristics:1, is a scripting languageJavaScript is a scripting la

31、nguage, which uses a small way to block implementation of programming. Like other scripting languages, JavaScript is an interpreted language is also, it provides an easy development process.Its basic structure with C, C +, VB, Delphi is very similar. But it is not like these languages, you need to c

32、ompile, but is interpreted line by line in the program is running. It is combined with HTML markup, so as to facilitate the user's operation.2, object-based language.JavaScript is an object-based language, but to be seen as an object-oriented. This means that it can use objects that they have cr

33、eated. Therefore, many functions can be derived from the interaction of methods and scripts scripting environment object.3. SimplicitySimplicity is mainly reflected in JavaScript: First, it is a Java basic statements and control flow above the simple and compact design based on order for Java is a v

34、ery good transition study. Secondly, it is the use of weakly typed variable type, did not use strict data types.4, securityJavaScript is a safe language, it does not allow access to the local hard disk, data can not be stored on the server, the network is not allowed to modify and delete documents,

35、can only be achieved through a dynamic interactive information browsing or browser. Thus effectively prevent the loss of data.5, the dynamic nature ofJavaScript is dynamic, it can respond directly to the user or customer input, without going through the Web service program. It reflects the user'

36、s response, is the use of event-driven manner. The so-called event-driven, meaning the implementation of certain actions arising from the action on the home page (Home Page), and is called the "event" (Event). For example, pressing the mouse button, move the window, select the menu and so

37、can be considered an event. When the event occurs, it may cause the appropriate incident response.6, cross-platformJavaScript is dependent on the browser itself, regardless of the operating environment, as long as the computer running the browser, and the browser supports JavaScript can be executed

38、correctly. In order to achieve the "write once, everywhere" dream.In fact the most prominent place JavaScript program that can be used to do a lot of little things. No need to have a high-performance computers, software is only a word processing software and a browser without WEB server ch

39、annels through their computer to complete everything.In short, JavaScript is a new description language, it can be among the clamp into the HTML file. JavaScript language can be done to respond to the needs of the user event (such as: form input) without any network transfer data back and forth, so

40、that when a user enters a material, it does not pass through the servo end (server ) processing, and transmits it back to the process, and can be directly handled by the client (client) apps.Chapter III WEB page interaction information - Forms and FrameworkTo achieve a dynamic interactive web pages,

41、 you must master the form object (Form) and the frame object (Frames) more complex knowledge.3.1 Form BasicsForm object allows designers can form different elements interact with client users, and do not need to carry out before the first data entry, you can dynamically change the behavior of Web do

42、cuments.3.1.1 Form objectForm (Form): It constitutes the basic element of a Web page. Usually a Web page has a form or several forms, using Forms array to achieve different forms of access.Methods 3.1.2 Form objectThe method of the form object is only one -submit () method, which main function is to

43、 achieve a form of information submitted.3.1.3 Form object propertiesForm object properties include the following: elements name action target encoding method. In addition Elements addition, several other forms of state are reflected in the corresponding attribute identifier, which is usually a form

44、 of individual identification; and the array elements are often more than one form element values.3.1.4 Access form objectAccess form object in JavaScript by two methods: (1) the form by visitingFirst, you must specify the name of the form in the property of a form object, and after you can access t

45、he form by following identifies as: document.Mytable ().(2) to access the form by the arrayIn addition to using the form name to access the form, you can also use the form to access the form object array of objects. But note that, due to the form object is to provide a browser environment, and the array subscript browser environment provided is from 0 to n.3.1.5 references prerequisite formConditions in JavaScript want to form reference is: you must first create a form on the page to identify with, and forms part of the place before the reference definition.3.2 The basic el