公共管理學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯整理

1、公共管理學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯目標(biāo) mission/ objective 內(nèi)部環(huán)境internal environment 外部環(huán)境external environment集體目標(biāo)group objective 計(jì)劃 planning 組織 organizing人事 staffing 領(lǐng)導(dǎo) leading 控制 controlling步驟 process 原理 principle 方法 technique經(jīng)理 manager 總經(jīng)理 general manager行政人員 administrator主管人員supervisor 企業(yè) enterprise 商業(yè) business產(chǎn)業(yè) industry

2、公司 company 效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency 企業(yè)家 entrepreneur 權(quán)利 power職權(quán) authority 職責(zé) responsibility 科學(xué)管理scientific management現(xiàn)代經(jīng)營(yíng)管理 modern operational management行為科學(xué) behavior science生產(chǎn)率 productivity 激勵(lì) motivate 動(dòng)機(jī) motive法律 law 法規(guī) regulation 經(jīng)濟(jì)體系economic system管理職能managerial function 產(chǎn)品 product 服務(wù) servi

3、ce利潤(rùn) profit 滿意 satisfaction 歸屬 affiliation尊敬 esteem 自我實(shí)現(xiàn)self-actualization 人力投入human input盈余 surplus 收入 income 成本 cost 資本貨物capital goods機(jī)器 machinery 設(shè)備 equipment 建筑 building 存貨 inventory經(jīng)驗(yàn)法 the empirical approach 人際行為法the interpersonal behavior approach集體行為法the group behavior approach 協(xié)作社會(huì)系統(tǒng)法the coo

4、perative social systemsapproach社會(huì)技術(shù)系統(tǒng)法the social-technical systems approach 決策理論法the decision theory approach數(shù)學(xué)the the mathematical approach系統(tǒng)法 the systems approach隨機(jī)制宜法 the contingency approach管理任務(wù)法 the managerial roles approach 經(jīng)營(yíng)法 the operational approach人際關(guān)系 human relation心理學(xué) psychology 態(tài)度 attit

5、ude 壓力 pressure 沖突 conflict招聘 recruit 鑒定 appraisal 選拔 select 培訓(xùn) train報(bào)酬 compensation 授權(quán) delegation of authority 協(xié)調(diào) coordinate 業(yè)績(jī) performance考績(jī)制度merit system 表現(xiàn) behavior 下級(jí) subordinate 偏差 deviation檢驗(yàn)記錄inspection record 誤工記錄record of labor-hours lost 銷售量 sales volume 產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量 quality of products 先進(jìn)技術(shù)advan

6、ced technology 顧客服務(wù)customer service策略 strategy 結(jié)構(gòu) structure 領(lǐng)先性 primacy 普遍性 pervasiveness 憂慮 fear 忿恨 resentment 士氣 morale 解雇 layoff批發(fā) wholesale 零售 retail 程序 procedure 規(guī)則 rule規(guī)劃 program 預(yù)算 budget 共同作用synergy 大型聯(lián)合企業(yè)conglomerate 資源resource 購(gòu)買 acquisition 增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)growth goal 專利產(chǎn)品proprietary product 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手 riv

7、al 晉升 promotion 管理決策managerial decision 商業(yè)道德business ethics 有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格competitive price 供貨商 supplier 小販 vendor 利益沖突conflict ofinterests 派生政策derivative policy 開支帳戶expense account 批準(zhǔn)程序approvalprocedure病假 sick leave 休假 vacation 工時(shí) labor-hour 機(jī)時(shí) machine-hour 資本支出capitaloutlay 現(xiàn)金流量cash flow 工資率 wage rate 稅收

8、率 tax rate 股息 dividend 現(xiàn)金狀況cash position 資金短缺capital shortage總預(yù)算 overall budget 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility投入原則the commitment principle 投資回報(bào)return on investment 生產(chǎn)能力capacityto produce 實(shí)際工作者practitioner 最終結(jié)果end result 業(yè)績(jī) performance個(gè)人利益personal interest 福利 welfare 市場(chǎng)占有率market share 創(chuàng)新 innovati

9、on 生產(chǎn)率 productivity 利潤(rùn)率 profitability社 會(huì) 責(zé) 任 public responsibility 董 事 會(huì) board of director 組 織 規(guī) 模 size of the organization 組織文化organizational culture 目標(biāo)管理managementby objectives 評(píng)價(jià)工具 appraisal tool 激勵(lì)方法motivational techniques 控制手段control device 個(gè)人價(jià)值 personal worth 優(yōu)勢(shì) strength 弱點(diǎn) weakness 機(jī)會(huì) opportu

10、nity 威脅 threat 個(gè)人責(zé)任personal responsibility 顧問 counselor 定量目標(biāo)quantitative objective 定性目標(biāo) qualitative objective 可考核目標(biāo)verifiable objective 優(yōu)先 priority 工資表 payroll策略 strategy 政策 policy 靈活性 discretion 多種經(jīng)營(yíng)diversification 評(píng)估 assessment一致性 consistency應(yīng)變策略consistency strategy 公共關(guān)系public relation 價(jià)值 value 抱負(fù)

11、 aspiration 偏見 prejudice 審查 review 批準(zhǔn) approval 主要決定major decision 分公司總經(jīng)理division general manager 資產(chǎn)組合距陣portfolio matrix 明星 star 問號(hào) question mark現(xiàn)金牛 cash cow 賴狗 dog 采購(gòu) procurement 人口因素demographic factor 地理因素geographic factor 公司形象company image產(chǎn)品系列product line 合資企業(yè)joint venture 破產(chǎn)政策liquidation strategy

12、緊縮政策retrenchment strategy 戰(zhàn)術(shù) tactics 追隨 followership個(gè)性 individuality 性格 personality 安全 safety 自主權(quán) latitude 悲觀的 pessimistic 靜止的 static 樂觀的 optimistic 動(dòng)態(tài)的 dynamic 靈活的 flexible 抵制 resistance 敵 對(duì) antagonism 折中 eclectic 激勵(lì) motivation 潛意識(shí) subconscious 地位 status 情感 affection 欲望 desire 壓力 pressure滿足 satisfa

13、ction自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需要needs for self-actualization 尊敬的需要esteem needs 歸屬的需要affiliation needs 安全的需要security needs 生理的需要physiological needs 維持maintenance 保 健hygiene 激 勵(lì) 因 素 motivator 概 率 probability 強(qiáng) 化 理 論reinforcement theory 反饋 feedback 獎(jiǎng)金 bonus 股票期權(quán)stock option 勞資糾紛labor dispute 缺勤率 absenteeism人員流動(dòng) turnover 獎(jiǎng)

14、勵(lì) reward 特許經(jīng)營(yíng) franchise 熱誠(chéng) zeal 信心 confidence 鼓舞 inspire 要素 ingredient忠誠(chéng) loyalty 奉獻(xiàn) devotion 作風(fēng) style 品質(zhì) trait適應(yīng)性 adaptability 進(jìn)取性aggressiveness 熱情enthusiasm毅力 persistence 人際交往能力interpersonal skills行政管理能力administrative ability智力 intelligence 專制式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)autocratic leader 民主式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)democratic leader 自由放任式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)free-

15、rein leader 管理方格圖the managerial grid 工作效率 work efficiency 服從 obedience 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)行為leader behavior支持型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)supportive leadership 參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)participative leadership指導(dǎo)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)instrumental leadership成就取向型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)achievement-oriented leadershipAutomated inspection 自動(dòng)化檢驗(yàn)automatic assembly system自 動(dòng)化裝酉己系統(tǒng)applied biomechanics 應(yīng)用生物力學(xué)C

16、AD/CAM 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)與制造computer integrated manufacturing system 計(jì)算機(jī)整合制造系統(tǒng)data structure 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)data base management systerm（據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)decision analysis 決策分析engineering economy 工程經(jīng)濟(jì)engineering statistics 工程統(tǒng)計(jì)facilities planning 設(shè)施規(guī)劃factory diagnoisis and improvement method 工廠診斷與改善方法financial and cost analysis貝才務(wù)與

17、成本分析fuzzy theory and application 模糊理論與應(yīng)用human-compute門nteraction (HCI)人因工程與計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)human factors engineering 人因工程human information processing 人類訊息處理human-machine system design 人機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)human resource managemen隊(duì)力資源管理human system diagnosis and improvemen隊(duì)體系統(tǒng)診斷與改善industrial environment evaluation 工業(yè)環(huán)境評(píng)估indus

18、trial organizations and management!業(yè)組織與管理industrial safety 工業(yè)安全information technology 信息技術(shù)intellectual property laws 智慧財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)法knowledge engineering 知識(shí)工程linear algebra 線性代數(shù)manufacturing automation 制造自動(dòng)化manufacturing engineering 制造工程manufacturing management 制造管理manufacturing process 制造程序manufacturing sys

19、tems and managemen制造系統(tǒng)與管理market and marketing 市場(chǎng)與行銷material flows automation 物流自動(dòng)化mathematical programming 數(shù)學(xué)規(guī)劃multicriteria decision making 多目標(biāo)規(guī)劃multi-criteria decision methods 多準(zhǔn)則決策分析network analysis 網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析numerical analysis 數(shù)值分析organization and management組織與管理product and technology development mana

20、gemen 產(chǎn)品與技術(shù)開發(fā)管理production management 生產(chǎn)管理production planning and control 生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃與管制quality control 質(zhì)量管理quality engineering 品質(zhì)工程quality management techniques and practic磊質(zhì)管理queueing theory 等候線理論reliability engineering 可靠度工程research, development and innovation managemen研究發(fā)展管理semiconductor production mana

21、gement半導(dǎo)體生產(chǎn)管理sequencing and scheduling 排序與排程simulation 模擬分析statistical method 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法stochastic processes® 機(jī)系統(tǒng)strategic management of technology 技術(shù)策略system analysis and design in large scal次型系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計(jì)system performance evaluation系統(tǒng)績(jī)效評(píng)估技術(shù)system quality assurance engineering統(tǒng)品質(zhì)保證工程systems engineering

22、系統(tǒng)工程systems simulation 系統(tǒng)仿真vision and colors 視覺與色彩work physiology 工作生理學(xué)work study 工作研究Accounting Assistant 會(huì)計(jì)助理Accounting Clerk 記帳員Accounting Manager 會(huì)計(jì)部經(jīng)理Accounting Stall 會(huì)計(jì)部職員Accounting Supervisor 會(huì)計(jì)主管Administration Manager 行政經(jīng)理Administration Staff 行政人員Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative C

23、lerk 行政辦事員Advertising Staff 廣告工作人員Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座員Airlines Staff 航空公司職員Application Engineer 應(yīng)用工程師Assistant Manager 副經(jīng)理Bond Analyst 證券分析員Bond Trader 證券交易員Business Controller 業(yè)務(wù)主任Business Manager 業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理Buyer 采購(gòu)員Cashier 出納員Chemical Engineer 化學(xué)工程師Civil Engineer 土木工程師Clerk/Receptionist

24、 職員/接待員Clerk Typist & Secretary 文書打字兼秘書Computer Data Input Operator 計(jì)算機(jī)資料輸入員Computer Engineer 計(jì)算機(jī)工程師Computer Processing Operator#算機(jī)處理操作員Computer System Manager計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)部經(jīng)理Copywriter 廣告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副總經(jīng)理Economic Research Assistant 經(jīng)濟(jì)研究助理Electrical Engineer 電氣工程師Engineering Technician 工程

25、技術(shù)員English Instructor/Teacher 英語教師Export Sales Manager 外銷部經(jīng)理Export Sales Staff 外銷部職員Financial Controller 財(cái)務(wù)主任Financial Reporter 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外匯部職員F.X. Settlement Clerk 外匯部核算員Fund Manager 財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理General Auditor 審計(jì)長(zhǎng)General Manager/ President 總經(jīng)理General Manager Assistant 總經(jīng)理助理General

26、Manager's Secretary總經(jīng)理秘書Hardware Engineer 計(jì)算機(jī)硬件工程師Import Liaison Staff 進(jìn)口聯(lián)絡(luò)員Import Manager 進(jìn)口部經(jīng)理Insurance Actuary 保險(xiǎn)公司理賠員International Sales Staff 國(guó)際銷售員Interpreter 口語翻譯Legal Adviser 法律顧問Line Supervisor 生產(chǎn)線主管Maintenance Engineer 維修工程師Management Consultant 管理顧問Manager 經(jīng)理Manager for Public Relation

27、s 公關(guān)部經(jīng)理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程師Manufacturing Worker 生產(chǎn)員工Market Analyst 市場(chǎng)分析員Market Development Manager 市場(chǎng)開發(fā)部經(jīng)理Marketing Manager 市場(chǎng)銷售部經(jīng)理Marketing Staff 市場(chǎng)銷售員Marketing Assistant 銷售助理Marketing Executive 銷售主管Marketing Representative 銷售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市場(chǎng)調(diào)研部經(jīng)理Mechanical Engineer 機(jī)械工

28、程師Mining Engineer 采礦工程師Music Teacher 音樂教師Naval Architect 造船工程師Office Assistant 辦公室助理Office Clerk 職員Operational Manager 業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理Package Designer包裝設(shè)計(jì)師Passenger Reservation Sta俅客票位預(yù)訂員Personnel Clerk 人事部職員Personnel Manager 人事部經(jīng)理Plant/ Factory Manager 廠長(zhǎng)Postal Clerk 郵政人員Private Secretary 私人秘書Product Manager

29、生產(chǎn)部經(jīng)理Production Engineer 產(chǎn)品工程師Professional Staff 專業(yè)人員Programmer 電腦程序設(shè)計(jì)師Project Staff 項(xiàng)目策劃人員Promotional Manager 推售部經(jīng)理Proof-reader 校對(duì)員Purchasing Agent 采購(gòu)進(jìn)貨員Quality Control Engineer 質(zhì)量管理工程師Real Estate Staff房地產(chǎn)職員Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘協(xié)調(diào)人Regional Manger 地區(qū)經(jīng)理Research .Development Engineer 研究開發(fā)工程師Rest

30、aurant Manager 飯店經(jīng)理Sales and Planning Staff銷售計(jì)劃員Sales Assistant 銷售助理Sales Clerk 店員、售貨員Sales Coordinator 銷售協(xié)調(diào)人Sales Engineer銷售工程師Sales Executive 銷售主管Sales Manager銷售部經(jīng)理Salesperson 銷售員Seller Representative 銷售代表Sales Supervisor 銷售監(jiān)管School Registrar 學(xué)校注冊(cè)主任Secretarial Assistant 秘書助理Secretary 秘書Securities

31、Custody Clerk 保安人員Security Officer 安全人員Senior Accountant 高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)Senior Consultant/Adviser 高級(jí)顧問Senior Employee 高級(jí)雇員Senior Secretary 高級(jí)秘書Service Manager 服務(wù)部經(jīng)理Simultaneous Interpreter 同聲傳譯員Software Engineer 計(jì)算機(jī)軟件工程師Supervisor 監(jiān)管員Systems Adviser 系統(tǒng)顧問Systems Engineer系統(tǒng)工程師Systems Operator系統(tǒng)操作員Technical Edito

32、r 技術(shù)編輯Technical Translator 技術(shù)翻譯Technical Worker 技術(shù)工人Telecommunication Executive 電訊（電信）員Telephonist / Operator 電話接線員、話務(wù)員Tourist Guide 導(dǎo)游Trade Finance Executive貿(mào)易貝才務(wù)主管Trainee Manager 培訓(xùn)部經(jīng)理Translation Checker 翻譯核對(duì)員Translator 翻譯員Trust Banking Executive 銀行高級(jí)職員Typist 打字員Wordprocessor Operator文字處理操作員Aacces

33、s discrimination 進(jìn)入歧視action research 動(dòng)作研究adjourning 解散 adhocracy 特別結(jié)構(gòu)administrative principle 管理原則artifacts 人工環(huán)境artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠avoiding learning 規(guī)避性學(xué)習(xí)ambidextrous approach 雙管齊下策略Bbalance sheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表bcg matrix波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)矩陣 bona fide occupation qualifications 善意職業(yè)資格審查bounded rationality 有限理

34、性bureaucracy 官僚機(jī)構(gòu)benchmarking 標(biāo)桿瞄準(zhǔn)bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法boundary-spanning roles 跨超邊界作用Ccomputer-aided design and computer-automated manufacturing(cad/cam)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算機(jī)自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)confrontation 對(duì)話 consortia 企業(yè)聯(lián)合change agent變革促進(jìn)者 chaos theory 混沌理論charismatic leaders 魅力型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者 charity principle 博愛原則

35、coercive power 強(qiáng)制權(quán) cohesiveness 凝聚力collaborative management合作型管理 comparable worth 可比較價(jià)值competitive benchmarking 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性基準(zhǔn)confrontation meeting 碰頭會(huì)constancy of purpose永久性目標(biāo) contingency approach 權(quán)變理論corporate social performance公司社會(huì)表現(xiàn) corporate social responsibility公司社會(huì)責(zé)任corporate social responsivenes公司社會(huì)反

36、應(yīng) critical incident 關(guān)鍵事件current assets流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) current liabilities 流動(dòng)負(fù)債culture strength 文化強(qiáng)度 creative department創(chuàng)造性部門craft technology 技藝性技術(shù)contextual dimension 關(guān)聯(lián)性維度continuous process production連續(xù)力口工生產(chǎn) collectivity stage 集體化階段clan control 小團(tuán)體控制clan culture 小團(tuán)體文化coalition 聯(lián)合團(tuán)體collaborative 協(xié)作網(wǎng)絡(luò)centrality

37、 集中性centraliazation 集權(quán)化charismatic authority 竭盡忠誠(chéng)的權(quán)力Ddecentralization 分權(quán) democracy management 民主管理departmentalization 部門化 differential rate system 差別報(bào)酬系統(tǒng)dialectical inquiry methods 辯證探求法division of labor 勞動(dòng)分工downward mobility 降職流動(dòng) dynamic engagement動(dòng)態(tài)融合dynamic network 動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)domain 領(lǐng)域direct interlock 直

38、接交叉divisional form 事業(yè)部模式differentiation strategy 差別化戰(zhàn)略decision premise 決策前提dual-core approach 二元核心模式Eelectronic data-processing(edp)電子數(shù)據(jù)處理 employee-oriented style 員工導(dǎo)向型風(fēng)格 empowerment 授權(quán) encoding 解碼end-user computing 終端用戶計(jì)算系統(tǒng)entrepreneurship 企業(yè)家精神equity 凈資產(chǎn) equity theory 公平理論espoused value信仰價(jià)值ethnoce

39、ntric manager種族主義的管理者expectancy theory 期望理論 expense budget支出預(yù)算expense center費(fèi)用中心 external audit夕卜部審計(jì)external stakeholders夕卜部禾益相關(guān)者 extrinsic rewards夕卜部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)ethic ombudsperson 倫理巡視官external adaption 外部適應(yīng)性elaboration stage 精細(xì)階段 entrepreneurial stage倉(cāng)U業(yè)階段escalating commitment 頑固認(rèn)同F(xiàn)family group 家庭集團(tuán)financia

40、l statement 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表flat hierarchies 扁平型結(jié)構(gòu)flexible budget 彈性預(yù)算force-field theory 場(chǎng)力理論formal authority 合法權(quán)力formal systematic appraisal 正式的系統(tǒng)評(píng)估franchise 特許經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)formalization stage 規(guī)范化階段functional grouping 職能組合formal channel of communication 正式溝通渠道Ggame theory 博弈論 general financial condition 一般財(cái)務(wù)狀況geocentric

41、 manager全球化管理者 general manager總經(jīng)理globalization 全球化 gossip chain 傳言鏈grapevine 傳言網(wǎng) global strategic partnership 全球戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系general environment 一般環(huán)境generalist 全面戰(zhàn)略geographic grouping 區(qū)域組合global company 全球公司global geographic structure 全球區(qū)域結(jié)構(gòu)Hhawthorne effect 霍桑效應(yīng)heuristic principles 啟發(fā)性原理hierarchy 科層制度hiri

42、ng specification 招聘細(xì)則horizontal linkage model 橫向聯(lián)系模型hybrid structure 混合結(jié)構(gòu)high tech 高接觸 high-velocity environments 高倍速環(huán)境Iimpoverished management放任式管理 income statement 損益表 information transformation 信息轉(zhuǎn)換infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施integrative process 整合過程intelligent enterprises 智力企業(yè)internal audit 內(nèi)部審計(jì)internal

43、stakeholder 內(nèi)部相關(guān)者internship 實(shí)習(xí) intrapreneurship 內(nèi)部企業(yè)家精神intrinsic reward 內(nèi)在報(bào)酬inventory 庫(kù)存 , 存貨internal integration 內(nèi)部整合interorganization relationship 組織間的關(guān)系intergroup conflict 團(tuán)體間沖突interlocking directorate 交叉董事會(huì)institutional perspective 機(jī)構(gòu)的觀點(diǎn)intuitive decision making 直覺決策idea champion 構(gòu)思倡導(dǎo)者 increment

44、al change漸進(jìn)式變革 informal organizational structure 非正式組織結(jié)構(gòu)informal performance appraisal 非正式業(yè)績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)Jjob description 職務(wù)描述job design 職務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)job enlargement 職務(wù)擴(kuò)大化job enrichment 職務(wù)豐富化job rotation 職務(wù)輪換job specialization 職務(wù)專業(yè)化Kkey performance areas關(guān)鍵業(yè)務(wù)區(qū) key result areas 關(guān)鍵績(jī)效區(qū)Llabor productivity index 勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)力指數(shù) lais

45、sez management 自 由化管理large batch production 大批量生產(chǎn)lateral communication 橫向溝通leadership style 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)風(fēng)格 least preferred co-worker(lpc)!l不喜歡的同事legitimate power 合法權(quán)力liability 負(fù)債liaison 聯(lián)絡(luò)者 line authority 直線職權(quán)l(xiāng)iquidity 流動(dòng)性 liaison role 聯(lián)絡(luò)員角色long-linked technology 縱向關(guān)聯(lián)技術(shù)losses from conflict 沖突帶來的損失low-cost lea

46、dership 低成本領(lǐng)先Mmanagement by objective 目標(biāo)管理 Managerial Grid 管理方格 matrix bosses 矩陣主管 management champion管理倡導(dǎo)者 materials-requirements planning(MRP) 物料需求計(jì)劃Mslow,s hierarchy of needs 馬斯洛需求層次論marketing argument 管理文化多元化營(yíng)銷觀multiculturalism 文化多元主義multidivisional firm 多部門公司moral rules 道德準(zhǔn)則management by walkin

47、g around(MBWA) 走動(dòng)式管理matrix structure 矩陣結(jié)構(gòu)multinational enterprise(MNE) 跨國(guó)公司moral relativism 道德相對(duì)主義mechanistic system 機(jī)械式組織middle-of-the-road management 中庸式管理 meso theory 常態(tài)理論 multidomestic strategy 多國(guó)化戰(zhàn)略mediating technology 調(diào)停技術(shù)Nna?ve relativism 樸素相對(duì)主義 need-achievement 成就需要norming 規(guī)范化 norms 規(guī)范nonpro

48、grammed decisions非程序化決策 nonsubstitutability 非替代性nonroutine technology 非例行技術(shù)niche 領(lǐng)地Ooff-the-job training 脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)on-the-job training 在職培訓(xùn)operational budget 運(yùn)營(yíng)預(yù)算order backlog 訂單儲(chǔ)備organic system 有機(jī)系統(tǒng)organizational development(OD) 組織發(fā)展orientation 定位 outcome interdependence結(jié)果的相互依賴性outplacement services夕卜延服務(wù)

49、 organization ecosystem組織生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Pparadox of authority 權(quán)威的矛盾paradox of creativity 創(chuàng)造力的矛盾paradox of disclosure 開放的矛盾paradox of identify 身份的矛盾paradox of individuality 個(gè)性的矛盾paradox of regression 回歸的矛盾partial productivity 部分生產(chǎn)率 participative management 參與式管理path-goal model 路徑目標(biāo)模型peer recruiter 同級(jí)招聘political

50、 action committees(PACs) 政治活動(dòng)委員會(huì)polycentric manager 多中心管理者portfolio framework 業(yè)務(wù)組合框架portfolio investment 資產(chǎn)組合投資positive reinforcement 正強(qiáng)化production flexibility 生產(chǎn)柔性profitability 收益率programmed decisions 程序化決策 psychoanalytic view 精神分析法paradigm 范式 personal ratios 人員比例pooled dependence集合性依存 professional

51、 bureaucracy專業(yè)官僚機(jī)構(gòu)problem identification 問題識(shí)別problemistic search 問題搜尋population ecology model 種群生態(tài)模型Qquality 質(zhì)量 quality circle 質(zhì)量圈question mark 問題類市場(chǎng)quid pro quo 交換物Rrational model of decision making 理性決策模式realistic job preview(RJP) 實(shí)際工作預(yù)覽reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性resource dependence® 源依賴?yán)碚搑outine technology 例行技術(shù)retention 保留rational approach 理性方法rational model 理性模型rational-legal authority 理性 合法權(quán)威Ssemivariable cost 準(zhǔn)可變成本 sense of potency力量感sens