大學(xué)英語三級語法知識總結(jié)匯總

1、.三級語法考點歸納一 虛擬語氣1. if 句中虛擬形式if 引導(dǎo)的非真實條件句（純粹假設(shè)或發(fā)生的可能性不大）：條件 從句 主句與現(xiàn)在相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do與將來相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do與過去相反 had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadnt gone on vacation, th

2、eir house wouldnt have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虛擬：a. 表命令、決定、要求、建議等詞語之后的that-分句中，用動詞原形。suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire that (should) do例如 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him.b. It is (was)

3、形容詞/名詞that (should) do/例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3. 一些句型中的虛擬形式：1. Its (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) 動詞過去時 例如 Its time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed.2would rather/sooner 寧愿 as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 謂語用過去時 與現(xiàn)在或者將來相反as if/ though

4、謂語用過去完成時 與過去相反4練習(xí)1. I _ try it again if I_you.A. will； am B. should； am C. would； were D. would； had been2. If it _ not for the water， the plants _live.A. were； would not B. is； could not C. were； could D. did； could not3. If I _ that chance to show my ability, I _the president of this school.A. hav

5、e not had； could not become B. had not had； would not have become C. did not have； could not become D. doesnt have； will not become4. He _ by that burglar if you _ to save him.A. might have been killed； hadnt come B. will be killed； didnt comeC. may be killed； didt come D. could be killed； havent co

6、me5. If it _for your help， I _that hard time with so little money.A. were not； would not spend B. is not； can not spendC. had not been； would not have spent D. have not been； will not spend6. Where _ you go if war _"A. will； breaks out B. do； will break outC. would； were to break out D. will； i

7、s to break out7. She wishes she _ that humiliating thing.A. doesnt do B. didnt do C. havent done D. hadnt done8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _ put off.A. can be B. be C. is D. will be9. It is vital that he _ immediately.A. should go B. must go C. goes D. went 10. It is time we _do our ho

8、mework.A. begin to B. can begin to C. began to D. will begin to答案：1.選C。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)(指現(xiàn)在的假設(shè))(譯文; 如果我是你，我會再試一次)2選A。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)(指現(xiàn)在的假設(shè))。(譯文：要是沒有水，植物就不能存活。)3. 選B。表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。4 A。表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。(譯文：要不是你來救他，他早就被那個竊賊殺了。)5. C。與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。(譯：要沒有你幫忙，我那點兒錢是無法度過那段艱苦歲月的。)6.選C。表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè)。(譯文：要是戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了，你會上哪兒去.)7.選D

9、。虛擬語氣用于賓語從句。(譯文：她真希望自己沒有做過那件丟臉的事情。)8. 選B。虛擬語氣用于表示“建議”等意義的動詞后。(譯文：主席建議會議延期舉行。)9. 選A。虛擬語氣用于主語從句(It is was + 形容詞 + that 引導(dǎo)的分句)。10. 選C。虛擬語氣用于定語從句It is time (that).句型。(譯文：我們該開始做作業(yè)了。)二動詞的時態(tài)1. 各個時態(tài)動詞基本變形一般現(xiàn)在時be(is,am,are) do/does現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時be (is/am/are)+ doing現(xiàn)在完成時have/has done現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時have/has been doing一般過去時was

10、/weredid過去進(jìn)行時was/were doing過去完成時had done過去完成進(jìn)行時had been doing 一般將來時will do 將來進(jìn)行時will do 將來完成will have done將來完成進(jìn)行時will have been doing一般過去將來時would do 過去將來進(jìn)行時would be doing過去將來完成時would have done過去將來完成進(jìn)行時would have been doing 2. 時間狀語與動詞時態(tài)的搭配一定的時態(tài)往往和一定的時間狀語連用。always,usually,sometimes, 一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does am i

11、s arelast week,yesterday,a few days ago一般過去時 did was/ were next week, tomorrow,in a week, this year 一般將來時 will donow, at present, at this moment 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 be +doingso far, up to now, by the time, since的主句 現(xiàn)在完成時 has/have done3. 練習(xí)，用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. He _ (be) eighteen next year.2. It _ (rain) every day so far

12、this month.3. Mozart _ (write) more than 600 pieces of music.4. If it _ (rain) tomorrow，well have to stay at home.5. How fast _ he _ (drive) when the accident happened"6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he _ (teach) that course for twenty-five years.7. Perhaps he _ (finish) reading the book b

13、y this time tomorrow.1. 填will be。 next year為表示將來時態(tài)的時間狀語2. 填has rained。so far是“到目前為止”的意思，常和現(xiàn)在完成時搭配使用。3. 填wrote。Mozart (莫扎特)是已去世的音樂家，故應(yīng)使用過去時。4. 填rains。在條件狀語從句中，要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來發(fā)生的事情。5. 填was.driving。表示過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作要用過去進(jìn)行時。6. 填had taught。句中有by the time Mr. Smith left school，主語的謂語應(yīng)用過去完成時。7. 填will have finished。

14、句中有by this time tomorrow，主語的謂語應(yīng)用將來完成時。三 動詞的被動語態(tài)1. 各個時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時將來完成時主動doam/is/are doingdidwas/were doingwilldowould dohas/have donehad donehas/have been doingwillhave done被動am/is/are doneam/is/are being donewas/were donewas/were being donewillbe donewould

15、 be donehas/have been donehad been donewillhave been done1. The construction of the library_before the end of next month.A. must have completed B. must have been completedC. must be completed D. must complete 2. The subject of these lectures _ by the lecture committee.A. announces B. have been annou

16、ncedC. announced D. has been announced3. My pictures _ until next week.A. wont develop B. arent developingC. dont develop D. wont be developed4. They _ so that we wouldnt recognize them.A. costumed B. disguised C. were disguising D.were disguised 5. All the apparatus (器械) _ before the experiment beg

17、an.A. had been prepared B. were prepared C. had been prepared D. had prepared6. The worlds supplies of copper _ .A. have been gradually being exhausted B. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted7. The goods _ when we arrived at the airport.A. were just unloa

18、ding B. were just being unloaded C. had just unloaded D. were just been unloaded 8. Tom _ the best student in his class.A. regards B. regards as C. has regarded as D. is regarded as9. The sports meeting _ because of the bad weather.A. put off B. was put off C. was putted off D. has put off1. C。情態(tài)動詞的

19、被動語態(tài)為：情態(tài)動詞+be+done。(譯：到下月底圖書館的修建必須完工)2.D現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)為：have been+done (譯：講座的課題已由講座委員會宣布了。)3. D。一般將來時的被動語態(tài)為：will be+done，其否定形式為：will not be+done4.D一般過去時的被動語態(tài)為was/were+過去分詞(譯:為了不讓我們認(rèn)出來,他們偽裝了起來)5. C。過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成為：had been+過去分詞。6. D現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)為：are/is/am being+過去分詞。(譯:世界的銅資源正逐漸被耗盡)7.B。過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)為：waswere b

20、eing+過去分詞。(譯:我們到機(jī)場時正在卸貨物。) 8. D。 (譯文：湯姆被認(rèn)為是班里最好的學(xué)生。)9. B。(譯文：運動會因天氣不好被取消了。)四 定語從句1.定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。 關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。例題：The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two tru

21、st funds，_ could gopenniless by next year.A. the large one B. the larger of whichC. the largest one D. the largest of which選B。因為前面有two，所以不能選D， A沒有連接手段，也不能選。三級試題中定語從句的考題： 1、I tried to get of the business _ I found impossible to carry on. A) why B)which C)what D)where 2、Once more I have to leave Beiji

22、ng , _ I have been living for eight years. A) that B)where C)which D)as 3、This book is designed for the leaners_native languages are not English. A)whose B)which C)who D)what 4、She got to know the young man very well_she had worked for so long. A)to whom B)in whom C)whom D)with whom 5、The hotel_duri

23、ng the vacation was rather poorly managed. A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed 6、There are so many dresses there that I really dont know_to choose. A)whether B)when C)which D)why 7、I think that Anna is_far the most active member in our group. A)with B)at C)as D)by五倒裝1. 當(dāng)o

24、nly 放在句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，要用倒裝例：Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用這種方法，你才可以解決這個問題。Only yesterday did I finish the book. 到昨天我才讀完那本書。2. 具有否定意義的副詞或詞組用于句首，要用倒裝。常見的否定詞有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly等。例句：Never shall I forget the days

25、 when you were with us. 1、Olny when we had finished all the work_that it was too late to take a bus home. A)did we realize B)informing C)informed D)to inform 2、Not until the day before yesterday_to give a speech at the meeting. A)he agreed B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree 3、Young_he is, he

26、 has proved to be an able sale sman. A)that B)who C)as D)which 4、Not until yesterday_anything about the project that will be completed soon. A)did I learn B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I learnt 5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion_frightened. A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt 6、So_after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night. A)excited the mother was B)was the mother excited C)the mother was excited D)excited was the