計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)作業(yè)及答案

1、計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)作業(yè)答案（供參考）計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)作業(yè)1第13章作業(yè)一 Vocabulary( 詞匯)(一)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(寫出下列詞組的漢語(yǔ)。) 1central processing unit（CPU）中央處理器 2.title bar 標(biāo)題欄 3operating system 操作系統(tǒng) 4personal computer 個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī) 5menu bar 菜單欄 6desk publishing 桌面排版 7electronic spreadsheet 電子表格 8hard disk 硬盤

2、 9database 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 10Cursor 光標(biāo) (二)Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)縮寫。)1隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器 RAM 2只讀存儲(chǔ)器 ROM 3傳輸控制協(xié)議 TCP 4數(shù)字視頻光盤 DVD 5通用串行總線 USB 6計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì) CAD 7計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造 CAM 8中央處理器 CPU (三)Translate the following Chinese into English.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)。) 1鍵盤 keybord 2鼠標(biāo) mouse 3掃描儀 scann

3、er 4打印機(jī) printer 5輸入 input 6輸出 output 7顯示器 monitor 8存儲(chǔ)器 storage 9數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) database 10操作系統(tǒng) operating system 11應(yīng)用軟件 application software 12字處理器 word processor 13網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器 web browser 二 Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).(判斷正誤。) 1As soon as you turn the computer off, the contents of RA

4、M will disappear. ()2Windows XP is Microsoft's most advanced desktop operating system. ( )3Software can be divided into two general classes: system software and application software. ()4Microsoft Word XP is a member of Microsoft office 2000 . (×)5Application software (also called end-user p

5、rogram) is designed to perform a specific function directly for the user. ()6. Without systems software, application software in a computer is useless. ()7. WinZip, WinRAR and Microsofts Internet Explorer are all data compression software. (× )8. Word doesnt have the feature to accessing to Wor

6、ld Wide Web. (× )9. Menu bar displays the names of the application and document. (× )10. Microsoft Word can help you design and manipulate spreadsheet electronically. (× ). 三 Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column

7、.(將左列的詞匯與右列相應(yīng)的漢語(yǔ)匹配。)（一）1. central processing unit（CPU）a.操作系統(tǒng)2. hardwareb.輸入.3. RAM(random access memory)c.只讀存儲(chǔ)器4. ROM(read-only memory)d.應(yīng)用軟件5. input e.中央處理器6. output f.系統(tǒng)軟件7. operating system g.硬件8. application software h.隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器9. system software i.內(nèi)存10. memory j.輸出1 e 6. j 2 g 7a 3 h 8. d 4 c 9. f

8、5 b 10. i (二) 1. binary systemaan input device2. printerba compression software3. Microsoft Wordcan operating system4.Winzipda numbering system based on the digits 0 and 15. Internet Explorerea part of Microsoft word interface6. mousefan electronic spreadsheet7. Microsoft Excellgan output device 8.

9、DOSha word processor9. title baria web browser1 d 6. a 2 g 7 f 3 h 8. c 4 b 9. e 5 i 四Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary. （從下面方框中選擇合適的詞或表達(dá)，以其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡＃?component heart result in speeddetermineThe central processing unit

10、 (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component , responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instr

11、uctions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, while its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in microcomputers that are small enough to fit on your desk or your l

12、ap.2.Microsoft Word printer DBMS(database management system) Spreadsheet disk cell value Microsoft Excel documentWord processor, _Spreadsheet _, Database are all application software. Word processor, a special program can enable a computer user to create a _dobument_, store it on a _disk_, display i

13、t on a screen, even print it on a _printer_. The software such as _ Microsoft Word _, WPS, StarOffice are word processors. Spreadsheet is different from a simple table, for whose _ value _ have predefined relationship to each other, and each of them sits in a _cell_. Among the spreadsheet applicatio

14、ns, lotus 1-2-3 and _ Microsoft Excel _ are the most famous. To access information from a database, the computer user need a _ DBMS(database management system) _.3. margin standard toolbar ruler title bar menu bar incorporateintoMicrosoft Word XP is the current Window version of Word, and documents

15、created in Word XP can be easily _ incorporated into _ Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the _title bar_ displays the name of the current application and name of the current document; the _menu bar_lists the names of the menus available; the _toolbar _gives the user quic

16、k access to frequently used editing functions; the _ruler_enables the user to change left and right _ margin _. 五 Translation.（翻譯。）（一）Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。）1Most microcomputer printers print one character at a time, usually at rates varying from 30 to perhaps 18

17、0 characters per seconds.大多數(shù)的微型計(jì)算機(jī)打印機(jī)一次打印一個(gè)字符，通常以每秒30180個(gè)字符的速度打印。2Windows XP has a wide range of entertainment features and multimedia support designed to fully integrate digital media into the PC.Windows XP具有很多娛樂(lè)性能，并支持多媒體技術(shù)，將數(shù)字媒體集成于PC之中。3An application software is any program designed to perform a

18、specific function directly for the user or, in some cases, for another application program.應(yīng)用軟件是為用戶設(shè)計(jì)的具有專門功能的軟件，或在某些情況下，為另一種應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)的軟件。4A word processor enables you to create a document, store it electronically on a disk, display it on a screen, modify it by entering commands and characters from the

19、keyboard, and print it on a printer.字處理器使你能夠創(chuàng)建文檔，并將它存在磁盤上，在顯示器上顯示，通過(guò)從鍵盤輸入命令和字符進(jìn)行修改，并在打印機(jī)上輸出。5There are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access the World Wide Web, two of the most popular being Netscape Navigator and Microsofts Internet Explorer.有一些叫做網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器的應(yīng)用軟件可以使我們?cè)L問(wèn)萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)，

20、其中兩個(gè)比較流行的是Netscape Navigator 和Microsoft Internet Explorer.6Spreadsheet applications are computer programs that let you create and manipulate spreadsheets.電子表格軟件（有時(shí)簡(jiǎn)稱為電子表格）是能夠使你創(chuàng)建和操縱電子表格的計(jì)算機(jī)程序。7Word offers many features, including desktop publishing and access to the World Wide Web.Word提供很多功能，包括桌面排版和

21、訪問(wèn)萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)。8As you create a specific document, such as a business letter or resume, Word provides wizards, which ask questions and then use your answers to format the document before you type the text of the document.當(dāng)你要產(chǎn)生一個(gè)文件，如一封商業(yè)信函或一份簡(jiǎn)歷時(shí)，Word會(huì)提供向?qū)?，它先提出一些?wèn)題，然后在輸入文字之前，根據(jù)你的回答規(guī)定該文件的格式。9Users often save th

22、eir work frequently onto nonvolatile secondary storage devices such as diskettes or hard disks.用戶經(jīng)常在保存工作在非易失性的二級(jí)存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備上例如磁帶或硬盤。10When editing in Word, a user can change left and right margins with the Ruler.在Word中進(jìn)行編輯時(shí)，用戶可以用標(biāo)尺改變左邊距和右邊距。（二）Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（將下列各段翻譯成漢語(yǔ)）。1T

23、he central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system acti

24、vities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, while its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in microcomputers that are small enough to f

25、it on your desk or your lap.中央處理器（CPU）是計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的心臟。一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)相對(duì)于其它計(jì)算機(jī)的速度是快還是慢，除了別的因素外，CPU的配置起著決定的作用。CPU是最復(fù)雜的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)備，它根據(jù)提供的指令負(fù)責(zé)指揮協(xié)調(diào)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的全部活動(dòng)。當(dāng)老一代計(jì)算機(jī)被新的一代計(jì)算機(jī)代替的時(shí)候，CPU的實(shí)際尺寸往往變得越來(lái)越小，而其速度和能力卻增加了許多。這種變化的結(jié)果就使得微機(jī)縮小得可以放在你的桌子上或你的膝上。2Personal computer software is based on specific operating systems and machines. Oper

26、ating systems software defines the personality of the computer by specifying the way in which programs are controlled, files are stored and retrieved, and how the systems hardware components are held together. Software written to run on a specific PC operating system cant run on another. To use PCs

27、effectively, one must understand the capabilities of their operating systems software.個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)軟件建立于特定的操作系統(tǒng)和計(jì)算機(jī)。操作系統(tǒng)軟件通過(guò)一系列措施定義了計(jì)算機(jī)的性能，包括如何控制程序執(zhí)行、文件如何存儲(chǔ)和讀取、系統(tǒng)硬件組件如何管理等?；谀骋惶囟ǖ腜C操作系統(tǒng)編寫的軟件不能用于其他操作系統(tǒng)。為了充分利用PC機(jī)，用戶必須了解操作系統(tǒng)的特性。3An application software (also called end-user program) is any program designed to

28、perform a specific function directly for the user or, in some cases, for another application program. Examples of application software include word processors; database programs; Web browsers; development tools; drawing, paint, and image editing programs; and communication programs. Figuratively spe

29、aking, application software sits on top of system software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system software.應(yīng)用軟件（又稱作終端用戶程序）是直接為用戶設(shè)計(jì)的具有專門功能的軟件，或在某些情況下，為另一種應(yīng)用程序設(shè)計(jì)的。應(yīng)用軟件的例子有：字處理器，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)程序，網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器，打發(fā)工具，繪圖和圖像編輯程序，通信程序等。比喻的說(shuō)，應(yīng)用軟件坐在系統(tǒng)軟件的上面，這是因?yàn)槿绻麤](méi)有操作系統(tǒng)和系統(tǒng)公用程序應(yīng)用軟件將不能運(yùn)行。計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)作業(yè)2第4-6章

30、作業(yè)一Vocabulary( 詞匯)(一)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(寫出下列詞組的漢語(yǔ)。)1database 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 2 flat-file database 平面數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 3relational database 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 4data structure 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu) 5built in 內(nèi)置 6 coding 編碼 7machine language 機(jī)器語(yǔ)言 8Property Window 屬性窗口 9software crisis 軟件危機(jī) 10object model 對(duì)象模式 11black

31、box testing 黑盒測(cè)試 12white box testing 白盒測(cè)試 13Bug 錯(cuò)誤 14software maintenance 軟件維護(hù) 15Requirements Analysis & Specification 需求分析和說(shuō)明 (二)Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)縮寫。)1結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語(yǔ)言 SQL 2關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) RDBMS 3集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 IDE 4多文檔界面 MDI 5單文檔界面 SDI 6面向?qū)ο蠓治?OOA 7面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì) O

32、OD 8面向?qū)ο缶幊?OOP (三)Translate the following Chinese into English.(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)。)1客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器 client/server 2二維的 two dimensional 3點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵 right click 4調(diào)試程序 debug the program 5高級(jí)語(yǔ)言 high-level language 6標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版 standard edition 7代碼窗口 code window 8軟件生命周期 software life cycle 9軟件測(cè)試 software testing 10數(shù)據(jù)流圖 data-flow d

33、iagram 二Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).(判斷正誤。)1Client/server database system is no longer in use now. ( × )2Flat-file style of database is suitable for large amounts of data. ( )3SQL Server can allow many users to visit the database at the same time. ( )4Maintenan

34、ce of programs is not as important as the development. ( × )5High-level language is popular, because it is directly executable in computer without compiling. (× )6. There are various languages for humans, whereas(然而)there is only one programming language for computer. (× )7. The windo

35、ws that are displayed when you start VB are known as the Visual Basic Integrated Development Environment (IDE). ( )8. Software engineering covers not only the technical aspects of building software systems, but also management issues. ( )9. OOD is the stage of creation and OOP is an implementation s

36、tage. ()10. White box testing requires the tester to have knowledge of the internal structure. ()三 Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column.(將左列的詞匯與右列相應(yīng)的漢語(yǔ)匹配。)（一）1. DBMSa.結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語(yǔ)言2. relational databaseb.維護(hù)3. SQL (Structured Query L

37、anguage)c.高級(jí)語(yǔ)言4. compile the program d.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)5. High-level language e.多文檔界面6. MDI(Multi-Document Interface)f.關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)7. Maintenanceg.編譯程序8. Object-oriented Design (OOD) h.軟件測(cè)試9. software testing i.黑盒測(cè)試10. black box testing j.面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)1 d 6. e 2 f 7 b 3 a 8. j 4 g 9. h 5 c 10. i (二) 1machine languagea.調(diào)試2

38、assembly languageb.功能測(cè)試3. debuggingc.窗體4. functional testingd.匯編語(yǔ)言5. white box testinge.機(jī)器語(yǔ)言6. formf.白盒測(cè)試7. project windowg.表記錄8. fieldh.結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計(jì)9. .structured programmingi.工程窗口10. table recordj字段1 e 6. c 2 d 7i 3 a 8. j 4 b 9. h 5 f 10. g 四Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from t

39、he list given below, and change the form where necessary. （從下面方框中選擇合適的詞或表達(dá)，以其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?。?system group dimensional name designcatalog location right Like many other RDBMSs, SQL Server uses two dimensional tables to store data. These tables are called catalogs or dictionaries. It is a secure system and

40、allow you to assign right to individual users. By default, it use a group to distinguish among different SQL Severs. To create a new database, you need to specify a name . And you may also change the location of the database during this process. A new database comes with over 10 system tables. To cr

41、eate a new table, you can use a table design window.2 high-level language assembly language written machine language facilitate notation constructA programming language, designed to _ facilitate _ the communication between human and computers, is a _ notation _ for describing computation in readable

42、 form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are_ machine language , which can be run directly by computer; _ assembly language _ and machine language _. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of _ construct _ in common and vary on

43、ly in the way that these must be _ written _ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job.3black box testing internal bug thorough reveal output faults valid white box testing Software testing, which is defined as the executio

44、n of a program to find its_ faults _, is a vital part of the software lifecycle. There are different types of testing, mainly, they are _ black box testing or functional testing, which tests whether the _ output _ is the expected result with the _ valid _ input; and _ white box testing _ (or glass b

45、ox testing) which is performed to _ reveal _ problems with the_ internal _ structure of a program . Debugging is the process of analyzing and locating bugs when software does not behave as expected. Software testing is a much more _ thorough _ means of identifying software _ bugs _. Therefore, debug

46、ging supports testing other than replacing testing.四 Translation.（翻譯。）（一）Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。）1. A database system is a software system which can manage a database stored in computer files.一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)是能夠管理計(jì)算機(jī)中存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的軟件系統(tǒng)。2. Relational databases also have functions

47、"built in" that help them to get, sort and edit the data in many different ways.關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)還具有“內(nèi)置”的功能幫助其用多種方式獲取、排序和編輯數(shù)據(jù)。3. SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client/server database system.SQL Server 被設(shè)計(jì)為允許數(shù)千用戶同時(shí)訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并且是真正的客戶

48、機(jī)/服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)。4. During the last few years, it has been realized that maintenance of programs is more expensive than development, so reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them.在過(guò)去的一些年里，人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到維護(hù)一個(gè)軟件比開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)軟件還要昂貴，所以人們讀程序和寫程序一樣重要。5. Programming languages are designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers.程序設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言用于使人和計(jì)算機(jī)之間的交流變得容易。6. Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of constructs in common and vary only in the way that these must be written.幸運(yùn)的是程序設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言之前在結(jié)構(gòu)上有許多相同之處，不同之處是它們書寫的方式。7. Some applications, such as Wo