建筑、規(guī)劃、景觀(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)常用的英語(yǔ)術(shù)語(yǔ)

1、草圖 Draft drawing/sketch平面 Plan總平面 master plan剖面 Section立面 Elevation正立面 Facade透視圖 Perspective軸測(cè)圖 Axonometric view示意圖/分析圖 Diagram地圖分析/制圖 mapping/ mapping diagram圖表 chart/table容積率 floor area ratio覆蓋率 Coverage城市設(shè)計(jì) Urban design; civic design區(qū)域規(guī)劃 Regional planning總體規(guī)劃 comprehensive planning/ master planni

2、ng/ overallplanning分區(qū)規(guī)劃 District planning/ zoning act控制性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃 Regulatory Plan修建性詳細(xì)規(guī)劃 Site planning (constructive-detailed planning)場(chǎng)地規(guī)劃 Site planning近期建設(shè)規(guī)劃 Immediate planning步行軸 Walking axis概念設(shè)計(jì) conceptual design方案設(shè)計(jì) schematic design擴(kuò)初設(shè)計(jì) design development詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)、細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì) Detail Design城市城市化 Urbanization城市生態(tài)

3、 Urban ecology城市農(nóng)業(yè) urban farming/ urban agriculture經(jīng)濟(jì)能量來(lái)源 Economy energy sources可持續(xù)發(fā)展 Sustainable development歷史性城市的保護(hù)規(guī)劃 Preservation Plan of historic cities舊城更新、改造 Urban Regeneration/Urban Revitalization/Retrofitting Plan城市再開(kāi)發(fā) Urban Redevelopment開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū) Development area城市化水平 Urbanization level城市群 Urban

4、Agglomeration/ Metropolitan Area/ Metropolitan Coordinating Region/mega region城市系統(tǒng) Urban system衛(wèi)星城市（城鎮(zhèn)） Satellite town/ affiliate township城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 Urban infrastructure市政基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 Municipal Infrastructure綠色基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 Green Infrastructure生態(tài)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 Ecological Infrastructure居民點(diǎn) Settlement城市 City市 Municipality; city城鎮(zhèn) T

5、own城市管理區(qū)域 Administrative region of a city商業(yè)區(qū) Commercial district民政區(qū)域 Civil district居住區(qū)規(guī)劃 Residential area planning護(hù)林區(qū) Ranger district城市主義/城市過(guò)程 urbanism新城市主義 new urbanism可持續(xù)城市主義 sustainable urbanism景觀(guān)都市主義 landscape urbanism生態(tài)城市主義 ecological urbanism參數(shù)化城市主義 parametric urbanism反城市主義 post urbanism日常城市主義

6、 everyday urbanism基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展 infrastructural urbanism建筑為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展 architectural urbanism農(nóng)業(yè)為先導(dǎo)的城市發(fā)展 agrarian urbanism生態(tài)安全格局 ecological security pattern城市統(tǒng)計(jì)區(qū) metropolitan (statistical) area公共事業(yè)私營(yíng)化關(guān)系 PPP public private partnership規(guī)劃本底 Planning Baseline世界城市 global city發(fā)展中城市 developing city膨脹城市 booming c

7、ity緊縮城市 shrinking city公交系統(tǒng)為導(dǎo)向的開(kāi)發(fā) TOD transit oriented development傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)為導(dǎo)向的開(kāi)發(fā) TND traditional neighborhood development服務(wù)設(shè)施為導(dǎo)向的開(kāi)發(fā) SOD service oriented development規(guī)劃理性預(yù)期為導(dǎo)向的開(kāi)發(fā) AOD anticipation oriented development建筑Parlor 客廳Washroom; toilet 衛(wèi)生間、洗手間Balcony 陽(yáng)臺(tái)、包廂Bathroom 浴室Cabinet 櫥柜Courtyard building 庭院建

8、筑Dining-room ; dining hall 餐廳Entrance 入口Kitchen 廚房Roof 屋頂Kid room 兒童房Dollhouse 兒童游樂(lè)室Living room 起居室Pavilion 亭、閣Private garden 私家花園Resident 住宅Shared zone 共享空間Toilet 洗手間Servants hall 用人房Scale 比例Element 要素、自然環(huán)境conference center 會(huì)議中心Retail shop 零售商店Theatre 劇院綠地Percentage of greenery coverage綠化覆蓋率Ratio o

9、f green space綠地率Landscaping within factory工廠(chǎng)綠化Landscaping of square廣場(chǎng)綠化Landscaping of residential area居住區(qū)綠化Improved vegetation & wildlife谷底植栽場(chǎng)Landscaping around public building公共建筑綠化Indoor garden室外綠化Urban green 城市綠化Urban green space system城市綠化系統(tǒng)Public green space公共綠地Park公園Green belt 綠地Specified

10、green space專(zhuān)用綠地Green buffer防護(hù)綠地景觀(guān)Arbor喬木Shrub灌木Band stone鋪石Car park below地下車(chē)庫(kù)Carved paving bands曲線(xiàn)形鋪地Cartilage Garth 庭園Courtyard identification sign標(biāo)志牌Courtyard 庭院Fall瀑布Feature景色Footpath步道Garden bridge園橋Garden and park園林Herbage草本植物L(fēng)iana藤本植物Natural cut stone砌石Pave鋪地Pavilion 亭、閣Pavilion on terrace榭Pla

11、nting植被Planting beds 花壇Plaza大廣場(chǎng)Platform臺(tái)Deck promenade棧道Pole lights燈柱Pool小水池Sculpture雕塑園林中國(guó)古典園林 classicalChinese garden 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)園林 traditionalChinese garden 中國(guó)古代園林 ancientChinese garden 中國(guó)山水園 Chinesemountain and water garden 帝王宮苑 imperial palace garden 皇家園林 royal garden 私家園林 private garden 江南園林 garden o

12、n the Yangtze Delta 西方古典園林 western classical garden 英國(guó)式園林 English style garden 中英混合式園林 Anglo-Chinese style garden 意大利式園林 Italian style garden 西班牙式園林 Spanishstyle garden 法蘭西式園林 Frenchstyle garden 勒諾特爾式園林 LeNotre's style garden 文藝復(fù)興莊園 Renaissancestyle garden 洛可可式園林 Rococostyle garden 巴洛克式園林 Baroqu

13、estyle garden 莊園 manor,villa garden 廊柱園 peristyle garden, patio 綠廊 xystus 迷陣 maze,labyrinth 靈囿 Ling You Hunting Garden 周代術(shù)語(yǔ) 靈沼 Ling ZhaoWater Garden 周代術(shù)語(yǔ) 靈臺(tái) Ling TaiPlatform Garden 周代術(shù)語(yǔ) 阿房宮 E-PangPalace 秦代術(shù)語(yǔ) 上林苑 Shang-LinYuan 漢代術(shù)語(yǔ) 未央宮 Wei-YangPalace 漢代術(shù)語(yǔ) 洛陽(yáng)宮 LuoyangPalace 魏代術(shù)語(yǔ) 華清宮 Hua-QingPalace 唐代術(shù)

14、語(yǔ) 艮岳 GenYue Imperial Garden 宋代術(shù)語(yǔ) 圓明園 Yuan-MingYuan Imperial Garden 頤和園 Yi-HEYuan Imperial Garden 承德避暑山莊 ChengdeImperial Summer Resort 蘇州園林 Suzhoutraditional garden 懸園 HangingGarden 又稱(chēng)“懸空?qǐng)@”，“架高園”。 英國(guó)皇家植物園 RoyalBotanical Garden, Kew garden 又稱(chēng)“邱園”。 凡爾賽宮苑 VersaillesPalace Park 楓丹白露宮園 FontainebleauPalace

15、 Garden 景 view,scenery, feature 遠(yuǎn)景 distantview 近景 nearbyview 障景 obstructivescenery, blocking view 又稱(chēng)“抑景”。 借景 borrowedscenery, view borrowing 對(duì)景 oppositive scenery, view in opposite place 縮景 miniaturescenery, abbreviated scenery 漏景 leaking through scenery 框景 enframed scenery 尾景 terminal feature 主景 ma

16、in feature 副景 secondary feature 配景 objective view 夾景 vistaline, vista 又稱(chēng)“風(fēng)景線(xiàn)” 前景 frontview 背景 background 景序 orderof sceneries 景點(diǎn) featurespot, view spot 園林空間 gardenspace 開(kāi)敞空間 wideopen space, wide space 封閉空間 enclosuresspace 意境 artisticconception, poetic imagery 蒼古 antiquity 空靈 spaciousness,airiness 動(dòng)觀(guān)

17、 in-motion viewing 靜觀(guān) in-positionviewing 軸線(xiàn) axis,axial line 主軸 mainaxis 副軸 auxiliaryaxis 暗軸 hidden axis, invisible axis 又稱(chēng)“隱軸常用的景觀(guān)英文參考1.主入口大門(mén)/崗?fù)?車(chē)行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE main entrance gate/guard house(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) for vehicle& pedestrian2.次入口/崗?fù)?車(chē)行 & 人行 )

18、2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE 2nd entrance gate/guard house(FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商業(yè)中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. Entrance to shopping ctr.4.水景 WATER FEATURE water feature5.小型露天劇場(chǎng) MINI AMPHI-THEATRE mini amphitheatre6.迎賓景觀(guān) WELCOMING FEATURE welcoming feature7.觀(guān)景木臺(tái) TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) ti

19、mber deck (viewing)8.竹園 BAMBOO GARDEN bamboo garden9.漫步廣場(chǎng) WALKWAY PLAZA walkway plaza10.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE out door cafe11.巨大迎賓水景 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE grand welcoming feature12.木橋 TIMBER BRIDGE timber bridge13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、觀(guān)景臺(tái) ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S rock's cape waterfall'sGROTTO/ VIE

20、WING TERRACE grotto/ viewing terrace14.吊橋 HANGING BRIDGE hanging bridge15.休憩臺(tái)地(低處) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) lounging terrace (lower )16.休憩臺(tái)地(高處) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) Lounging terrace (upper )17.特色踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE feature stepping stone18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD river wild19.兒童樂(lè)園 CHILDREN'

21、S PLAYGROUND children's playground20.旱冰道 SLIDE Slide21.羽毛球場(chǎng) BADMINTON COURT badminton court 網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)Tennis court 22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE dry landscape23.日藝園 JAPANESE GARDEN Japanese garden24.旱噴泉 DRY FOUNTAIN dry fountain25.觀(guān)景臺(tái) VIEWING DECK viewing deck26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL swimming pool27.極可意 JACUZZI Jacu

22、zzi 28.嬉水池 WADING POOL wading pool29.兒童泳池 CHILDREN'S POOL children's pool30.蜿蜒水墻 WINDING WALL winding wall31.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE rock sculpture32.中心廣場(chǎng) CENTRAL PLAZA central plaza33.健身廣場(chǎng) EXERCISE PLAZA exercise plaza34.橋 BRIDGE bridge35.交流廣場(chǎng) MEDITATING PLAZA meditating plaza36.趣味樹(shù)陣 TREE BATTLE FORMATION tree battle formation37.停車(chē)場(chǎng) PARING AREA paring area38.特色花架 TRELLIS trellis39.雕塑小道 SCULPTURE TRAIL sculpture trail40.(高爾夫)輕擊區(qū) PUTTING GREEN putting green41.高爾夫球會(huì)所 GOLF CLUBHOUSE golf clubhouse42.每棟建筑入口 ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT entrance paving to unit43.籃球場(chǎng) BASKETBALL COURT basketba