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1、文檔供參考,可復(fù)制、編制,期待您的好評(píng)與關(guān)注! 1. 所謂分辨同義詞或近義詞,是指通過(guò)分辨四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中詞形相異但意思相近的詞語(yǔ),當(dāng)然也有少數(shù)同義詞的含義是等同或幾乎等同的。這類(lèi)題主要是測(cè)試考生對(duì)同義詞或近義詞之間細(xì)微差別的掌握情況。同義詞或近義詞雖然概念相同或相近,但在含義和用法上仍存在差別。   2解題思路這類(lèi)題相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較難,它要求考生不單單掌握每個(gè)詞的含義,還要從用法、使用場(chǎng)合和詞與詞的搭配關(guān)系上進(jìn)行分析,最后作出正確的判斷。  The shop assistant was dismissed as she was_of cheating customers.

2、     A) accused  B) charged  C)scolded  D)cursed選A)。此題測(cè)試的動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配。accuse sb .of doing sth. 控告某人作了某事情; charge sb with sth表示類(lèi)似的意思;scold sb.for doing表示斥責(zé)某人做某事情;be cursed with表示遭難的意思。全句的意思是:那位店員因?yàn)楸恢缚仄垓_顧客而被解雇。2His wife is constantly finding_with him,which makes him very

3、 angry. A)errors  B)shortcomings  C) fault  D) flaw    選C)。四個(gè)詞都有“錯(cuò)誤,短處”的意思。find fault(with sb./sth.)是固定搭配,意思是“挑的毛病,找某人的岔;挑剔”。全句的意思是:他妻子對(duì)他總是很挑剔,這使得他很生氣。全句的意思是:他妻子經(jīng)常挑他的錯(cuò),這使得他很生氣。3The Police are trying to find out the_of the woman killed in the traffic accident evdence B) recog

4、nition  C) status  D), identity選D)。identity身份,如:The police are still uncertain of the murderer's identity.警察尚未證實(shí)殺人犯的身份。evidence證據(jù),證物;status地位,身份相對(duì)于其他人的位置,狀況;recognition 承認(rèn),認(rèn)可。全句的意思是;警方正在全力查找車(chē)禍遇害婦女的身份。4.John doesnt believe in_medicine;he has some remedies of his own. A) standard  B

5、) regular  C) routine   D) conventional  選D) 。standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的,權(quán)威的,第一流的;regular規(guī)則的,有秩序的,經(jīng)常的;routine例行的;常規(guī)的;conventional慣例的,常規(guī)的,習(xí)俗的,傳統(tǒng)的。只有conventional符合題意,意思是:傳統(tǒng)藥物。全句的意思是;約翰不相信傳統(tǒng)藥物(療效),他有自己的治療方法。5The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _supplies petroleu

6、m. proficient  B) efficient  C)potential  D)sufficie選D)。 proficient(熟練的,精通的);efficient(能干的,有效率的);potential(有潛力的);sufficient(充分的,足夠的)。全句的意思是:歐盟曾經(jīng)擔(dān)心石油供應(yīng)不足。6. During the process,great care has to be taken to protect the_ silk from damage        

7、60;   A) sensitive  B) tender  C)delicate  D)sensible  選C)。sensitive敏感的,靈敏的;tender嫩的,溫柔的,軟弱的,如:tender meat嫩肉,a tender mother慈母,tender care細(xì)心的照顧,a tender heart心腸軟的,富于同情心的等;delicate精美的,精致的,精巧的,如:a delicate piece of embroidery精致的刺繡品;sensible明智的,有判斷力的。全句的意思是:在加工過(guò)程中,要格外小心,避免

8、精致的絲綢受到損傷。7The clothes a person wears may express his_or social position                                 A) curiosity  B)status C)deter

9、mination  D)significance  選B)。curiosity好奇心,求知欲;status身份,地位;determination決心;significanoe意義,重要性。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選B)。另外,or后面的social position實(shí)際上是對(duì)前面并列的status的解釋?zhuān)彩且粋€(gè)重要的選項(xiàng)線索。全句的意思是:一個(gè)人的衣著可以表示他的身份或社會(huì)地位。8My father seemed to be in no_to look at my school report  feeling  B) attitude  C)emotion

10、  D)mood  選D)。be in the mood/no mood to do something是固定搭配,表示 “有(沒(méi)有)做的心情”。根據(jù)題意,只有D)符合題意要求。其他三個(gè)名詞都不能形成be in no搭配。全句的意思是:我父親似乎沒(méi)有心情看我的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)單。 9.A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial_.  mark  B)feature  C) trace D) appearance  選B)。注意原句中的兩個(gè)形容詞:memorable(令人難忘的)

11、和  facial(面部的)。然后再?gòu)乃膫€(gè)選項(xiàng)中挑出可以被“令人難忘”  和“面部的”修飾的名詞。四個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:mark標(biāo)記,記號(hào);feature特征;trace痕跡,蹤跡;appearance外貌,外表。惟有B)最合題意。全句的意思是:獨(dú)特的尖下巴是他最令人難忘的面部特征。10. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchenThey are a thorough_.A) nuisance  B) trouble  C) worry  D)anxiety  選A)。nuisance意

12、為“令人討厭的人(東西,情況等)”(a person,thing or situation that annoys you or causes problems);trouble  意為“麻煩,苦惱”(problems that make something diffcult, spoil your plan, make you worry, etc.);worry意為“擔(dān)心,發(fā)愁;anxiety意為“焦慮”,與worry意義相近。螞蟻是“令人討厭的東西”,而不是“問(wèn)題,難題(problem)”,更不是“擔(dān)優(yōu)”,“焦慮”等。故A)是正確答案。全句的意思是:大量的媽蟻老是進(jìn)人我的廚房,

13、螞蟻是非常令人討厭的東西。11 When people become unemployed,it is_which is often worse than lack of wages.  laziness  B) poverty  C) idleness D) inability  選C)。laziness懶惰;poverty貧窮;idleness無(wú)事可干,閑待;  inability無(wú)能力,無(wú)辦法。失業(yè)引起的什么狀況比失去工資更糟糕呢?不可能是poverty,更不可能是laziness或inability,因?yàn)槭I(yè)本身就可能意味著貧窮,而懶惰

14、和無(wú)能是某些人的本性,不是失業(yè)引起的。所以是idleness。全句的意思是:當(dāng)人們失業(yè)時(shí),無(wú)所事事比失去工資更糟糕。12In previous times,when fresh meat was in short_pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food. A)store B)provision  C) reserve D) supply  選D)。store意為“儲(chǔ)存的東西”或“商店”,短語(yǔ)in store的意思是“存儲(chǔ)備用”;provision意為“提供,供應(yīng)”,常與of搭配,但沒(méi)有in

15、short provision這樣的搭配;reserve意為“儲(chǔ)備物,儲(chǔ)量”,in reserve的意思是“留待后用”;supply意為“供應(yīng),供應(yīng)量”,短語(yǔ)in shoat supply是“供應(yīng)短缺”的意思。根據(jù)原句句意,D)是答案。全句的意思是:在過(guò)去,當(dāng)鮮肉短缺時(shí),許多家庭靠養(yǎng)鴿子作為食物的來(lái)源。13 Professor Taylor's talk has indicated that science has a very strong_on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientistsA) motivatio

16、n  B) perspective  C) impression  D) impact選D) 。 motivation動(dòng)機(jī);perspective看法,觀點(diǎn),觀察,前景;motivation印象;impact影響,沖擊。根據(jù)辨析可見(jiàn),選項(xiàng)impact符合題意要求。全句的意思是:泰勒教授的談話已表明,科學(xué)已對(duì)科學(xué)家以及非科學(xué)家的日常生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。14. The manager spoke highly of such_a loyalty,courage and truthfulness shown by hisemployees.  A) 

17、; virtues  B) features C) properties  D) characteristics 選A)。四個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:virtues美德;features特征; properties特性,財(cái)產(chǎn);characteristics(性格等方面的)特征。原句中l(wèi)oyalty(忠誠(chéng)),courage(勇氣)和truthfulness(誠(chéng)實(shí))等詞都屬于“美德”的范疇,A)是正確答案。全句的意思是:經(jīng)理高度贊揚(yáng)他的雇員表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的諸如忠誠(chéng)、勇氣和坦率等美德。15 Housewives who do not go out to work often fee

18、l they are not working to their full_.A)capacity  B)strength C) length  D) possibility選A)。capacity能力,才能;strength力量;length長(zhǎng)度;possibility可能性。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)A) 是正確答案。選項(xiàng)B)的干擾性最強(qiáng)。strength指的是人的“力氣,體力”,也可以指人或團(tuán)體的“實(shí)力”、本題表達(dá)的是要發(fā)揮能力,而不是施展力氣。全句的意思是:不外出上班的家庭主婦們往往覺(jué)得沒(méi)有充分發(fā)揮自己的能力。16 The newspaper did not mention th

19、e_of the damage caused by the fire.range  B) level  C) extent  D) quantity選C)。range“范圍,區(qū)域”,表示可以達(dá)到或探測(cè)到的最大范圍;level“水平,程度”,指一個(gè)量表或序列中的位置;extent“程度”,the extent of the damage意為“損失的程度”;quantity“數(shù)量”;根據(jù)本題句意,要表示的不是火災(zāi)的范圍,水平和數(shù)量,而是火災(zāi)造成的損壞程度。全句的意思是:報(bào)紙沒(méi)有報(bào)導(dǎo)這次大火造成的損壞程度。17Shall had prepared carefully f

20、or her bidogy examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first_ intention  B) attempt  C) purpose  D) desire選B)。intention意圖,意向;attempt試圖,努力;purpose目的,意圖;desire愿望,欲望。全句的意思是:雪莉?yàn)樯飳W(xué)考試做了精心準(zhǔn)備,以便有把握地一次通過(guò)。18. I caught a_of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner

21、 of the streetA) vision  B)glimpse  C) look  D) scene  選B)。vision視力,洞察力(power of seeing or imaging)”;glimpse“一瞥(quick ,imperfect view of something/somebody)”,catch a glimpse of (瞥見(jiàn)),這是一固定搭配;look“外觀,臉色(appearance);scene”景象(view ,something seen)。全句的意思是:那輛出租車(chē)在街道拐角處消失之前我瞥了它眼。19The ma

22、nager lost his _just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A) mood  B) temper  C)mind  D) passion選B)。mood“心情、情緒”;temper意為“脾氣、情緒”,lose ones temper意為“發(fā)脾氣,生氣”;mind“頭腦,精神,理智”lose ones mind 意為“發(fā)瘋,發(fā)狂”;passion “強(qiáng)烈的感情,熱情”。全句的意思是:僅僅因?yàn)槊貢?shū)遲到了10分鐘,經(jīng)理就發(fā)脾了。20. A_to this problem is expected to b

23、e found before long. A)result  B)response  C) settlement  D)solution選D)。result結(jié)果,成績(jī),答案; 產(chǎn)生,起于,致使;response 反應(yīng),回答,響應(yīng);settlement。解決,處理;  solution解決,解答。solution和to搭配,表示“解決某問(wèn)題的方法”  21You have nothing to_by refusing to listen to our advice.A)gain   B) grasp   C

24、)seize   D)earn 選A)。gain得到,獲得,獲利;grasp抓住,緊握,領(lǐng)會(huì);seize抓錢(qián)、突然抓住; earn賺得,獲得,博得。句中的by refusing to listen to our advice求選擇A)。全句的意思是:拒絕聽(tīng)取我們的建議,你得不到任何好處。22He made such a_contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.A)generous   B) minimum 

25、60; C)modest   D)genuine選A)。generous.慷慨的,大量的;minimum 最少的,最低的;  modest.謙遜的,羞怯的,適度的;genuine.真實(shí)的,真正的,誠(chéng)懇的。全句的意思是:他給了大學(xué)大量的捐贈(zèng),大學(xué)也因此以他的名字命名了一座大樓。23.Mose nurses are women , but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _scarcity  B)minority  C)minimum  D) sho

26、rtage選B)。scarcity缺乏,不足,缺少;minimum最小量;minority 少數(shù),少數(shù)民族;shortage不足,缺乏。be in the minority是習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),一,意思是:占少數(shù)。24President Bench's background as a doctor has given him_into the medical problems that face the country. A)a view   B)a vision   C) an insight   D)a sight

27、0; 選C)。view視野,風(fēng)景,見(jiàn)解;insight洞察力,見(jiàn)識(shí);vision視覺(jué),:先見(jiàn)之明,光景;sight景觀,視力,眼界。have/give/gai an insight into是固定的搭配,意思是:對(duì)有深刻的見(jiàn)解。25.However,at time this balance in nature, is_,resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects A) troubled  B) disturbed  C) confused   D) puzzled 選B)。troub

28、led麻煩的,混亂的,不平靜的;disturbed被擾亂的,妨礙;confused困惑的,煩惱的;puzzled困惑的。根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)this balance in nature的提示,應(yīng)該選擇B)。26.The newcomers found it impossible to_themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the countryA) suit   B) adapt  C) rebate  D)coordinate  選B)。suit適合,取悅,

29、滿足;adapt(to)使適應(yīng),regulate規(guī)定,調(diào)節(jié);coordinate協(xié)調(diào),整合,綜合。adapt oneself to是固定搭配,意思是:使某人適應(yīng)。27.As a result of careless washing the jacket_to a childs size.A) compressed  B) shrank  C) dropped  D) decreased 選B)。通過(guò)原因“careless washing”推出正確選項(xiàng);shrank,意思是“收縮”。注意四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B)項(xiàng)表示“衣服縮水”的意思:其他各項(xiàng)的意思是:A)緊壓,壓縮;c

30、)下降; D)減少。28 It was felt that he lacked the_to pursue a difficult task to the very end A) petition B) engagement  C) commitment D) qualification選C)。在這道題中,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均屬于含義抽象的英語(yǔ)單詞。  選項(xiàng)A) petition意為“請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?shū)” 、“懇求”、“祈禱”;選項(xiàng)D)  qnalification意為“資格,品格”上述兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)其實(shí)都是陪襯,其含義均與正確選項(xiàng)C) commitment(獻(xiàn)身、介人;承諾)差之甚遠(yuǎn)。只有

31、選項(xiàng)B)engagement(允諾、約)有些相近,但其含義重在“預(yù)約”、“訂約”,而不在于精神上的“獻(xiàn)身”、“投身”或“(事實(shí)上的)承諾、保證?!?#160;           四 常用動(dòng)詞、形容詞與名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)的搭配1.考點(diǎn)分析 固定搭配、動(dòng)詞詞組、介詞詞組等都是英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法。  眾多的英語(yǔ)學(xué)者認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法無(wú)規(guī)律可循,其實(shí)不盡其然。例如,若從構(gòu)詞法、冠詞、介詞的某些用法規(guī)則入手,亦有助于掌握一些英語(yǔ)的固定搭配。2解題思路 從搭配關(guān)系人手尋找最佳答案。若

32、難以判斷,有時(shí)可利用and ,or或but等連詞推理之。3.例題祥解All her energies are_upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.  A) guided  B) aimed  C) directed D) focused選D)。這也是一道測(cè)試動(dòng)詞和介詞搭配題。Focus(on)使集中在焦點(diǎn)上;guide帶領(lǐng),引導(dǎo);direct(to)指明方向,指導(dǎo)等;aim (at)瞄準(zhǔn),對(duì)準(zhǔn)。全句的意思是:她把所有的精力都集中在她的孩子們身上,因而她好像沒(méi)有時(shí)

33、間做別的事情。The film provides a deep_into a wide range of human qualities and feelings.          A)insight  B) imagination  C) fancy  D) outlook  選A)。insight洞察力,見(jiàn)識(shí);imagination想象,空想;fancy迷戀,想象力;outlook見(jiàn)解,展望,前景,其中只有insight能和into  搭配,take(have

34、)an insight into意思是“了解,熟悉;看透等”  全句的意思是:這部電影使我們更深刻地了解到范圍廣泛的人類(lèi)品德和感情。3 You would be_a risk to let your child go to school by himself    A) omitting  B) attaching  B)affording  D)running 選D)。本題測(cè)試固定搭配run/take a risk (s),意思是冒險(xiǎn)。omit(省略,遺漏);attach(附加,附屬等) ;afford(提供,買(mǎi)得起)。全

35、句的意思是:讓孩子獨(dú)自一人上學(xué)是一種冒險(xiǎn)。4 I can_some noise while I'm studying,but I can't stand loud rises.A) come up with B) catch up with  C) put up with  D) keep up with  選C)。come up with提出;拿出;catch up with趕上;put up with  忍受;容忍;keep up with跟得上。全句的意思是:在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候,我可以忍受一點(diǎn)噪音,但是我不能忍受強(qiáng)烈的噪音。5 I hav

36、e had great deal of trouble_the rest of the class  coming up against B) making up for  C) keeping up with D) living up to  選C)。 come up against遭遇;make up for補(bǔ)償;keep up with跟得上;live up to遵守;配得上。全句的意思是:跟上班里的其他同學(xué),對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),很辛苦。6 We had to_a lot of noise when the children were at home A)g

37、o in for  B) hold on to  C) put up with  D) keep pace with  選C)。put up with忍受;go in for愛(ài)好;參予;hold on to握緊;等候;keep pace with保持相同步調(diào)。全句的意思是:孩子在家里時(shí),我們不得不忍受吵鬧。7Advanced computer technology has_an answer to accurate  weather forecasting.set up B)come up with  C) filled in

38、0; D) faced up to選B)。set up建立;提出;come up with提出;拿出;fill in 填寫(xiě);face up大膽面對(duì);承認(rèn)。全句的意思是:先進(jìn)的計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)已經(jīng)能夠做出準(zhǔn)確的天氣預(yù)報(bào)。8 Very few scientists_completely new answers to the world's problem.A)come out  B)come up with  C)come round   D)come up to  選B)。come out出現(xiàn);真相大白;come up with提出;拿出;co

39、me round拜訪,蘇醒;come up to達(dá)到。全句的意思是:很少有科學(xué)家能就世界的所有問(wèn)題提出完全新穎的解決辦法。9 If you happen to_my lost papers while you're locking for your book, .please let me know at once by telephone. come across  B)come to  C)come up D)come over選A)。come across不期而遇;交付;come to想起;共計(jì);come up上升;討論,出現(xiàn);come over過(guò)來(lái),抓住。全

40、句的意思是:如果你在尋找你的書(shū)本的時(shí)候,碰巧看到我遺失的文件,請(qǐng)馬上電話通知我。10The car _halfway for no reason. A) broke off  B) broke down G)broke up D) broke out選B)。brake off 終止;break down拋錨;損壞,不能抑制感情;break up打碎;停止,解散;break out突發(fā);發(fā)生,打開(kāi)。全句的意思是:那輛車(chē)不知什么原因中途拋錨了。11 . Having decided to rent a flat,we_contacting all the accommodations&#

41、160; in the city.  A) set about  B) set down  C) set out   D) set up  選A)。set about開(kāi)始;著手;set down放下;制定;set out啟程;展示;set up建立;提出。全句的意思是:決定下來(lái)租一套公寓之后,我們著手了解城里所有的膳宿機(jī)構(gòu)。12 . We love peace,yet we are not the kind of people to yield_any military threatA)up  B)to  C)in

42、  D)at選B)。yield to是固定詞組。意思是:屈服,讓步,對(duì)妥協(xié)。全句的意思是:我們熱愛(ài)和平,但是我們不會(huì)向任何軍事威脅  屈服。13 It is not easy to learn English well,but if you_,you will succeed in the end. A)hang up  B)hang about   C) hang on  D)hang onot 選C)。hang up 吊起;hang about留在附近;hang on 堅(jiān)持下去,緊握不放;hang on to緊緊握住。全

43、句的意思是:學(xué)好英語(yǔ)并不容易,但如果你堅(jiān)持不懈,最終就會(huì)成功。  14I didn't know the wordI had to_a dictionaryA)look out  B) make out  C) refer to   D)go over選C)。look out警惕;照料;make out做;了解;refer to查閱,提到,談到,打聽(tīng);go over越過(guò);檢查。全句的意思是:我不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)詞,我得查字典。  15The early pioneers had to_many hardships. to settle

44、 on the new land.A) go along with  B) go back on  C)go through D)go into 選C)。go along with結(jié)伴而行;go beck on 毀約;背叛;gothrough經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受.審查;go into從事,討論。全文意思是:早期的美洲移民不得不經(jīng)歷了許多艱辛才在新大陸上安頓下來(lái)。 16. A lorry_Jane's cat and sped away.  A) ran over   B) ran into  C) ran through D)

45、 ran down  選A)。run over輾過(guò);run into陷人;run through浪費(fèi);刺人;run down 誹謗;向下跑(流);(被)耗盡;減少。全句的意思是:一輛卡車(chē)碾過(guò)一只貓后,加速開(kāi)走了。 17The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could_.  stand up to  B)make up for  C)come up with D)put up with  選B)。stand up to勇敢

46、地抵抗;make up for補(bǔ)償;come up with  提出;拿出;put up with忍受;容忍。全句的意思是:對(duì)這些財(cái)富的破壞是人類(lèi)的一大損失,這是任何金錢(qián)都無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)的。18. Then the speaker_the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.A)went after   B)went for  C) went into   D) put up with選C)。go after追求;go for攻擊;盡力想求得;go into從事;討論

47、;put up with忍受,容忍。全句的意思是:接著講話者詳細(xì)闡述了導(dǎo)致目前經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的各種因素19 He does nothing that_the interests of the collectiveruns for B)runs against C)runs over  D)runs in選B)。本題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的主干動(dòng)詞均是runs,用法區(qū)分主要靠動(dòng)詞后的介詞決定。正確答案為選項(xiàng)B),runs against的含義為 “與背道而弛”其含義不難設(shè)想出來(lái)。難度亦屬一般。Runs into“不期而遇”; ran over(車(chē)輛)碾過(guò)”;run for“競(jìng)選”。20Anyone bre

48、aking the rules will be asked to leave_. A) on the spot  B) at the spot  C)in the spot  D)fer tbe spot 選A)。全句的意思是:“任何人違反規(guī)定將被要求離開(kāi)。”四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為介詞和the spot的組合,測(cè)試考生辨認(rèn)成語(yǔ)on the spot(當(dāng)場(chǎng)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)、陷于困境)的能力。五  短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主干詞與其后跟的副詞小品詞或介詞短語(yǔ)的用法辨析 1.考點(diǎn)分析根據(jù)朗曼短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞典的說(shuō)法,短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(phrasalverbs)包括三種基本類(lèi)型。即:動(dòng)詞副詞

49、(v.+adv.)型,如look out(注意)動(dòng)詞介詞(v.+prep.)型,如look after(照料)動(dòng)詞副詞介詞(v.+adv.+prep)型,如look forward  to(盼望)其他一些動(dòng)詞的固定搭配都作為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)看待。對(duì)我們這些把英語(yǔ)當(dāng)作外國(guó)語(yǔ)來(lái)學(xué)的人來(lái)說(shuō),短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)中最重要、最難掌握的部分之一,也是考生最感頭疼的難點(diǎn)之一。 但也應(yīng)當(dāng)明白,這方面的命題難度是有限的,也就是基本不超出大綱詞匯部分所附的動(dòng)詞詞組表所列詞匯的范圍。英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中動(dòng)詞與其附加部分凝結(jié)為一體,獲得一個(gè)新的詞義,相當(dāng)于單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的含義。如: use up = consume

50、0;    take in = absorb     carry along = convey  give off =emit         set up = establish    rule out = eliminatego beyond = exceed     fill up = occupy 在做短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析題的時(shí)候,一靠平時(shí)對(duì)所考短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

51、含義的掌握情況,二要靠對(duì)句子上下文的整體理解。解題思路在理解短語(yǔ)在上下文中的含義時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)注意短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞兩部分或幾個(gè)部分詞義的相加相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單個(gè)動(dòng)詞。但它的這種整體意義并非總是其各部分含義的簡(jiǎn)單相加,而是通過(guò)讀者語(yǔ)言的長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)用逐漸演變引申轉(zhuǎn)化而形成的。實(shí)際上,一個(gè)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的含義往往定于:其動(dòng)詞部分的本來(lái)詞義;附加于其詞后的副詞或介詞的含義;在上下文中為語(yǔ)言環(huán)境所決定的該詞的含義。        請(qǐng)看下列各組例句·Adversity can bring out a person's bast qualities.

52、(逆境可使人看出一個(gè)人最可貴的品質(zhì)。bring意為“帶來(lái)”;out意為“出來(lái)”)· The flowers are coming out in the gardens. (花園中鮮花在怒放。come“來(lái)” ; out“出”)·The crowd was so thick that I had to fight my way out of the theatre(人群擁擠不堪,我?jiàn)^力地?cái)D才從劇場(chǎng)擠了出來(lái)。fight“戰(zhàn)斗,奮力”;out“出來(lái)”) He was clever enough to turn my question around so that it s

53、ounded foolish.(他真夠狡猾、竟然把我的問(wèn)題歪曲得聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人可笑。turn“轉(zhuǎn)向”;around“整整一圈,迂回)·please turn your radio down,Im trying to sleep.(請(qǐng)你把收音機(jī)關(guān)小一點(diǎn),我要睡覺(jué)了。turn“旋轉(zhuǎn);down“向下”)·If you stay in the car with engine turning over ,the police carnnot charge you with unlawful parkig(如果你呆在車(chē)?yán)镒尠l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)繼續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),警察就無(wú)法指責(zé)你違章停車(chē)。over“再次,反復(fù)”)&

54、#160; ·He took off his glasses and wiped them carefully.(他摘下眼鏡,細(xì)心地將它擦了擦。take off“取下”)為了提高短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的運(yùn)用能力,考生必須多做題,提高語(yǔ)感、并將短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與相應(yīng)單語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的含義進(jìn)行比較,以便加深印象??忌枰⒁獾氖牵嚎忌鷮?duì)英語(yǔ)的介詞性小副詞,即所謂的副詞小品詞理解不透徹。往往拿它們的第一義和第二義去推及構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞各種含義的其他意義。為改變考生這一不利于掌握短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣,現(xiàn)將英語(yǔ)中最常用的副詞小品詞的念義列示如下:       &#

55、160;                                                 &#

56、160;                                                 &#

57、160;                     in 1.在內(nèi),向內(nèi);    2. 到達(dá),進(jìn)入away離開(kāi);  2. 在遠(yuǎn)方; 3. 去掉; 4. 消失,終止5. 繼續(xù)up向上,在下;2. 接近目標(biāo);3 . 增長(zhǎng);4. 起來(lái),發(fā)展;5. 完全,徹底o(hù)ut在外,向外; 2 . 脫離正常狀態(tài);  3. 清楚;4. 結(jié)束,徹底o(hù)n1. 在進(jìn)行

58、中;2 . 向前;3. 繼續(xù);4. 作為預(yù)定的活動(dòng)off1. 離開(kāi);2. 停止;3 . 斷掉;4. 完,光through1. 自始至終;2. 徹頭徹尾,完全;3. 接通over超過(guò)(上面);2. 滿,溢;3. 自一端到另一端,遍及;4. 翻轉(zhuǎn);5. 再一次;6. 結(jié)束across1. 橫過(guò);2. 成十字形地;3. 與相遇  動(dòng)詞about (about表示“局圍,到處”或“關(guān)于,涉及”)如:   bring about引起,產(chǎn)生             i

59、nquire about詢問(wèn)  care about關(guān)心,照顧              set about著手,開(kāi)始動(dòng)詞across(across表示“偶然”)如:  cut across抄近路,穿過(guò)            get across通過(guò),被理解散run across偶然碰見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞after(after表示“以后;仿照;追逐”)

60、如:  ask after問(wèn)候,詢問(wèn)            go after追逐   look after照顧,照料             take after長(zhǎng)得像動(dòng)詞against(against反對(duì),靠著,依著)如: compete against競(jìng)爭(zhēng),對(duì)抗       hold

61、against責(zé)備        fight against和.斗爭(zhēng)           run against背叛,和競(jìng)選    5)  動(dòng)詞+at(at:向,對(duì),即動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作所瞄準(zhǔn)的目標(biāo)或目的物)如:    drive at意思           

62、0;        worder at驚訝    glance at掃視                   work at從事,致力于6)  動(dòng)詞away(away:離開(kāi),去掉)如:    carry away拿走;無(wú)法自持    

63、60;   die away變?nèi)?#160;   give away贈(zèng)送;出賣(mài)            wear away磨損;消耗    例題詳解 1Our manager is_an important customer new and he will be back this afternoonA) calling on   B) calling in  C) callin

64、g up   D) calling for選A)。call on拜訪;號(hào)召;呼吁等;call up召集;動(dòng)員;打電話等;call in收集;收回等;call for需求;要求。全句的意思是:我們的經(jīng)理去拜訪一位重要的客戶,他下午回來(lái)。  2;The doctor had almost lost hope at one patient,but the patient finally _. A) pulled out        B) pulled throughC)pulled up 

65、        D)pull over  選B) 。pull out撤離;離開(kāi);pull over 把(車(chē))靠在路邊;(車(chē)輛)停在路邊;pull through脫離危臉期,恢復(fù)健康,渡過(guò)難關(guān) ; pull up使停下或停下。全句的意思是:醫(yī)生曾經(jīng)幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了希望,然而,病人最終脫離了危除期。3. I would never have_a court of law if I hadn't been so desper ate. sought for   B) accounted for&

66、#160;  C)turned up   D) resorted to  選D)。seek for尋找,追求,探索; account for導(dǎo)致,做出解釋?zhuān)岢隼碛桑籺urn up,出現(xiàn),到達(dá);resort to采用,使用(手段);訴諸(法律)。全句的意思是:如果我不是如此絕望的話,我是決不會(huì)訴諸法律的。4One day I_a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.  A)come across 

67、; B)come about  C)come after   D)come  at  選A)。come across偶然碰見(jiàn);無(wú)意中找到;come about發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生,改變方向;come after來(lái)取,尋找;追趕,爭(zhēng)取;come at襲擊,達(dá)到,得到。根據(jù)句意,偶然看到一則新聞報(bào)道。因此,應(yīng)選擇A)。5 A person's calorie requirements vary_his life  across  B) throughout  C)over  D) within  選B

68、)?!耙粋€(gè)人的一生中”使用介詞throughout和life構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。全句的憊思是:一個(gè)人一生中需要的卡路里量是不同的。6 We'll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working _my ProjectA) with   B)on    C) in   D) about    選B)。成語(yǔ)working on 在這里的含義是:“對(duì)-進(jìn)行研究”,故此句的意思是,“我一結(jié)束這一項(xiàng)目的研究就去度假?!边x項(xiàng)  A) work with:“用-干活”,選項(xiàng)C)和D)均不是固定詞組。7 The Govemment has therefor agreed to pay authorities extra sum

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