中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專題3：數(shù)詞

1、專題三 數(shù)詞 1.概念： 表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞叫數(shù)詞。 2.分類： 數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞；表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。 考點(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)歸納 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 考點(diǎn)一：基數(shù)詞考點(diǎn)一：基數(shù)詞 1.基數(shù)詞的基本構(gòu)成。1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten11eleven12twelve13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen19nineteen20twenty30thirty40forty50fifty60sixty70sevent

2、y80eighty90ninety100a hundred/one hundred1,000a thousand1,000,000ten million100,000,000a hundred million1,000,000,000 a billion 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 （1）13 19是由個(gè)位數(shù)加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。 注意其中13、15、18的拼寫是thirteen，fifteen和eighteen。 （2）20 90由個(gè)位數(shù)加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。 注意其中20 50的拼寫分別是twenty，thirty，forty和fifty；80的拼寫是eighty。 （3）其他非整十的兩位數(shù)21 99是

3、由整十位數(shù)加連字符“-”，再加個(gè)位數(shù)構(gòu)成。 如：81的拼寫是：eight-one （4）101 999的基數(shù)詞先寫百位數(shù)，后加and再寫十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)。 如：691的拼寫是：six hundred and ninety-one 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 （5）1 000以上的基數(shù)詞先寫千位數(shù)，后寫百位數(shù)，再加and，最后寫十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)。 如：5 893的拼寫是：five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three （6）在基數(shù)詞中只有表示“百” 、“千” 的單位詞，沒有單獨(dú)表示“萬” 、“億” 的單位詞，而是用thousand（千）和million（百萬）來表達(dá)。

4、 如：1萬=10 thousand；1億=100 million； 10億=a thousand million=a billion 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 1. I live with my younger sister, my elder brother, my parents and my grandparents. There are people in my family. A. four B. five C. six D. seven 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測D 2. 基數(shù)詞的讀法。 （1）1 000以上的多位數(shù)，要使用計(jì)數(shù)間隔或逗號(hào)“，” 。即從個(gè)位起，每隔三位加一個(gè)間隔或逗號(hào)。第一個(gè)間隔或逗

5、號(hào)前是thousand（千），第二個(gè)間隔或逗號(hào)前是million（百萬），第三個(gè)間隔或逗號(hào)前是a thousand million或a billion（十億）。 （2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了101 999。 讀的時(shí)候百位數(shù)的后面一般要加and。 如：888 000 000 的拼寫是： eight hundred and eighty-eight million 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 2. Helen loves reading. She has read books this month. (2015重慶市) A. five B. fifth C. five of D. fifth of 3.

6、Its reported that there are more than 300 smokers in China, nearly a third of all the smokers in the world. (2015云南省) A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測AA 3.基數(shù)詞的一些重要用法 （1）基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示大量的數(shù)目。 在這種情況下，表示單位的基數(shù)詞（hundred，thousand，million，billion）不能在詞尾加s。 如：two hundred students 二百個(gè)學(xué)生

7、 five thousand years 五千年 如果表示單位的基數(shù)詞詞尾加s，要與of短語連用。 如：hundreds of students 成百上千的學(xué)生 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 4. Im going to take this summer holiday in Taiwan. Oh, really? Taiwan is a beautiful island that people in Guangdong go to visit it every year. (2015汕尾市) A. so；thousands B. so；thousands of C. such；many thousand

8、 D. much；thousands of 5. Its reported that people throw plastic bags along this street every day. (2015南充市) A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds ofCD 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測 (2)時(shí)間的表達(dá)法 順讀法（先讀小時(shí)后讀分鐘） 如：6:36 讀成six thirty-six 12:53讀成twelve fifty-three 逆讀法（先讀分鐘后讀小時(shí)）： 分鐘小于30用past。 如：7:24讀成twenty-four past se

9、ven 分鐘大于30用to，且分鐘要用60減，小時(shí)要加1。 如：1:58讀成two to two 半小時(shí)用half，一刻鐘用quarter。 如：5:30讀成half past five 3:15讀成a quarter past three 10:45讀成a quarter to eleven 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 （3）一些時(shí)間段的表達(dá) half an hour 半小時(shí) one hour and a half=one and a half hours 一個(gè)半小時(shí) two more years=another two years 再多兩年 (4)世紀(jì)、年代的表達(dá)法 在80年代 in the eig

10、hties 在20世紀(jì) in the twentieth century 在20世紀(jì)90年代 in the 1990s或1990s 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 6. Lets go to the bookstore at half past nine tomorrow morning. Its too late. Lets make it . (2013莆田市) A. a quarter to nine B. twenty to ten C. a quarter to ten D. ten to twenty 7. About of the students in Grade Nine this yea

11、r were born in the . (2012銅仁市) A. three five；1996 B. three fifths；1990s C. third fifth；1997 D. third fifths；1990sAB 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測 (5) 編號(hào)的表達(dá)法(注意大小寫的變化) Lesson One=the first lesson Picture Two=the second picture Bus No.5=the No.5 bus Line Six=the sixth line Room 301讀作：room three o one Page 23讀作：page twenty

12、-three 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 8. Boys and girls, please turn to Page and look at the picture. (2015呼和浩特市) A. Fifth；five B. Five；five C. Fifth；fifth D. Five；fifth 9. Jack, I want to go to to see a dentist. Could you tell me the address? No problem. (2014山西省) A. Room 606 B. No.2 Hospital C. Fifth Avenue D. Class El

13、even 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測DB (6)百分?jǐn)?shù)、小數(shù)和倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法 30%: thirty percent 0.47%: zero point four seven percent 100%: one hundred percent 0.01: zero point zero one 3.14159: three point one four one five nine This box is three times as large as that one.=This box is twice larger than that one. =This box is three times the

14、 size of that one. 這個(gè)盒子是那個(gè)盒子的三倍大。（這個(gè)盒子比那個(gè)盒子大兩倍。） 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 10. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen we speak. (2012杭州市) A. as twice much as B. twice as much as C. as much as twice D. as much twice as 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測B (7)加、減、乘、除的表達(dá)法 1+1=2: one plus one is two 8-5=3: eight minus five is three

15、65=30: six times five is thirty (six multiplied by five is thirty) 102=5: ten divided by two is five （8）表示整體概念（時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、重量、數(shù)目、數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等）的詞或短語做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 Fifty years has passed, but he still looks young. 五十年過去了，他看起來依然年輕。 One million dollars is a large number for me. I cant afford the house. 一百萬美元對我來說是個(gè)

16、大數(shù)目，我買不起這個(gè)房子。 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 11. Two days enough for me to finish the work. I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 12. Ten kilometers a long way to him. He is too tired. A. are B. was C. is D. were 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測AC 4.由基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成的一些常用短語 （1）He is a six-year-old boy.=The boy is six years old. 他是個(gè)六歲大的男孩。 （2）T

17、he building is 200 meters high.=This is a 200-meter-high building. 這棟建筑物高200米。 （3）He got the prize in his thirties. 他30 多歲時(shí)獲獎(jiǎng)了。 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 13. No way! I dont think should be allowed to drive. I am worried about your safety. (2015遵義市) A. fifteen years old B. fifteen-year-olds C. fifteen-year-old D. fif

18、teen year olds 14. A quarter to four is . (2015張家界市) A. 3:15 B. 3:45 C. 4:15 D. 4:45BB 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測 考點(diǎn)二：序數(shù)詞 1.序數(shù)詞的基本構(gòu)成。數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞1onefirst8eighteighth2twosecond9nineninth3threethird12twelvetwelfth5fivefifth20twentytwentieth 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理30thirtythirtieth70seventyseventieth40fortyfortiet

19、h80eightyeightieth50fiftyfiftieth90ninetyninetieth60sixtysixtieth96ninety-sixninety-sixth 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 注意事項(xiàng)： 基變序，有規(guī)律，末尾加上th；“一、二、三” 特殊記，結(jié)尾字母tdd?！鞍恕?減t，“九” 減e，f要把-ve替，ty把y變ie。如果遇到幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就可以 (1)有幾個(gè)序數(shù)詞和基數(shù)詞在拼寫時(shí)很容易寫錯(cuò)，應(yīng)特別注意。 它們是：one first，two second， three third，five fifth， eight eighth，nine ninth，twelve twe

20、lfth。 (2)序數(shù)詞有時(shí)用縮寫形式： first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-second22nd 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 1. Kate is a school girl. She got many presents on her birthday. (2015涼山彝族自治州) A. nine B. the ninth C. ninetieth D. ninth 2. I live in Room 403. Sam lives in the room right above mine, on the floor. (2015廣東省) A. th

21、ird B. three C. fifth D. fiveDC 考點(diǎn)自測考點(diǎn)自測 2.序數(shù)詞的一些重要用法 （1）序數(shù)詞在使用時(shí)，一般在前面加定冠詞the或物主代詞等限定詞。 如：the second day 第二天 my first visit to Beijing 我第一次拜訪北京 （2）序數(shù)詞有時(shí)前面可加不定冠詞來表示“再一”，“又一” 。 如：Well have to do it a second time. 我們得做第二次。 When I sat down, a fourth man rose to speak. 我坐下時(shí)，第四個(gè)男人站起來說話。 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 （3）表示年，月，日時(shí)，年用基數(shù)詞表示，日用序數(shù)詞表示。（先寫月日或日月，再寫年份） 如：1949年十月一日讀作： October (the) first, nineteen forty-nine 2004年九月十日讀作： September (the) tenth, two thousand and four 考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)梳理 (4)表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時(shí)，分母加-s。 如：one second=one half=a half 二分之一 one fourth=one quarter=a quart