2018年上海市靜安區(qū)中考一模試卷英語及答案解析

1、2018年上海市靜安區(qū)中考一模試卷英語Part 1 Listening（第一部分 聽力）（略）Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar（第二部分 語音、詞匯和語法）. Choose the best answer（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福ü?0分）26. Which of the following words is pronounced as /ga:d/?A. gardenB. goldC. guideD. guard解析：garden的音標(biāo)是'rdn；gold的音標(biāo)是gld；guide的音標(biāo)是gad；guard音標(biāo)是g:d；因此可知guard中

2、的劃線部分與其他三項不一樣，故選D。答案：D27. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A. We have a training program.B. The way you speak is very common.C. The doctor operated on him immediately.D. I have been in contact with him.解析：program的音標(biāo)是'prræm；common的音標(biāo)是'kmn；

3、operated的音標(biāo)是'pretd；contact的音標(biāo)是'kntækt；因此可知program中的劃線部分與其他三項不一樣，故選A。答案：A28. I cant go to _ sleep without doing a few minutes reading.A. aB. anC. theD. /解析：a ，an，the三者都是冠詞a，an是不定冠詞，表泛指，譯為“一個”，a用在輔音音素開頭的單詞前面；an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前；the是定冠詞，表特指譯為“這個，那個，這些，那些”sleep“睡眠”，是名詞，入眠，可譯為"go to sleep&q

4、uot; 是固定短語，所以空格不填，由題干“我沒有幾分鐘的閱讀不能入眠?！?，故答案選擇D。答案：D29. I was angry_ myself for making such a stupid mistake.A. ofB. atC. withD. for解析：考查介詞。A屬于，B在幾點或小地點，C和，D為了。be angry with生某人的氣選C。答案：C30. Last Friday, my aunt gave _and my brother two tickets to the rock concert.A. IB. meC. mineD. myself解析：I“我”，人稱代詞主格，

5、 me“我”，人稱代詞賓格，mine“我的”，是名詞性的物主代詞，myself“我自己”，是反身代詞。由gave 是動詞，后跟賓語，故空格用me。由題干“上個星期五，我姑姑給我和我弟弟兩張搖滾音樂會的票?！笨芍蚀鸢笐?yīng)選擇B。答案：B31. Some people think the Internet helps friendship, but_ dont.A. other B. anotherC. the otherD. others解析：another意思是“又一，再一”；other意思是“別的，其他的”；others是others的復(fù)數(shù)形式；the others是the other的復(fù)

6、數(shù)形式。根據(jù)Some people think the Internet helps friendship，but _ don't，可知這里表示一些怎么樣，而表示其他的用others。故選D。答案：D32. If you enjoy American stories, youll find that quite_ of them take place on the road.A. fewB. a fewC. littleD. a little解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你喜歡美國的故事，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)其中有不少是在路上發(fā)生的。few和a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，little和a litt

7、le修飾不可數(shù)名詞，a few和a little都表示“一點”，而few和little表示“幾乎沒有”。根據(jù)題干If you enjoy American stories，you'll find that quite _ of them take place on the road可知quite a few固定搭配，意為許多，這里說的是stories，名詞復(fù)數(shù)故選B。答案：B33. During my stay in Germany, I gained much _ of local customs and cultures.A. suggestionB. ideaC. knowled

8、geD. message解析：分析句子，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是我待在德國期間，我獲得了很多當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗和文化的知識。故選C知識。A建議，B想法，D信息。答案：C34. I like hiking at weekends. I have walked 10 miles _6 oclock.A. forB. sinceC. atD. from解析：分析句子，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是我喜歡周末徒步旅行，我從六點已經(jīng)走了10英里。主句是一個現(xiàn)在完成時，后面是一個時間點，通常用since，故選B自從。答案：B35. Tea is_ drink in the world besides water.A. popul

9、arB. more popularC. most popularD. the most popular解析：考查形容詞最高級辨析。除了水，還有很多飲品，茶只算是其中之一，所以應(yīng)該用形容詞最高級表示除水之外最受歡迎的飲品，因此選擇D。答案：D36. Jimmy set out early for the airport, _ he wouldnt catch the plane.A. andB. thenC. soD. or解析：分析句子，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是Jimmy很早就動身去機場了，否則他將趕不上飛機。故選D否則。A和，B然后，C因此。答案：D37. The restaurant is v

10、ery popular_ it offers a wide variety of delicious food at low prices.A. althoughB. becauseC. beforeD. until解析：分析句子，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是這家餐館非常受歡迎，因為它以低價提供各種各樣的美食。前后是一種因果關(guān)系，故選B因為。A盡管，C之前，D直到。答案：B38. Our road information system should be improved so that we_ know the road condition ahead of time.A. mustB. shoul

11、dC. canD. could解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。A必須，B應(yīng)該，C能、可以，D可以（can的過去式）。結(jié)合語境“完善道路信息系統(tǒng)以便我們_提前知道路況。”可知，應(yīng)該是“可以”，一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，用can。選C。答案：C39._ will we know the result of our physical examination?In about 2 weeks.A. How soonB. How oftenC. How longD. How far解析：分析句子，結(jié)合選項，推測意思是多久以后我們將知道物理考試的結(jié)果？大約兩周后。故選A多久以后，后面常跟in+一段時間連用。B多久一次，提問頻率，

12、C多長，D多遠。答案：A40. Oh, my god. The children_ an awful mess in the kitchen! I have to clean it.A. are makingB. have madeC. will makeD. made解析：現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響，或過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且已經(jīng)完成其構(gòu)成是"have/has+過去分詞"根據(jù)"an awful mess in the kitchen! I have to clean it"廚房里非常亂，我必須得整理一下了，因此可知在這句話之前的

13、一段時間內(nèi)，廚房內(nèi)慢慢地亂作一團，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時來填空，因此可知這句話的意思是“哦，天哪孩子們把廚房弄的非常亂，我必須得整理一下了?！惫蔬xB。答案：B41. After his death, the land_ equally among his sons.A. dividesB. dividedC. was dividedD. has divided解析：根據(jù)語境推測句意是“在他死后，領(lǐng)地被他的幾個兒子平分了?！本渥颖硎龅氖沁^去的事情，判斷句子中的謂語動詞用一般過去時，主語the land是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)，一般過去時被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成是：主語+was/were+動詞的過去分詞，

14、 故選C。答案：C42. The weather report has warned people _outdoor exercise in hazy caught.A. not doB. to not doC. not to doD. not doing解析：根據(jù)The weather report has warned people _ outdoor exercise in hazy caught，可知句子考查warn sb not to do sth表示警告某人不要做某事。故選C。答案：C43. The drunk driver didnt remember _ the old lad

15、y after being caught.A. knock downB. to knock downC. knocking downD. knocked down解析：根據(jù)空格前為remember后跟動詞，可聯(lián)想短語remember to do 記得去做某事（未做）；remember doing記得做過某事（已做），結(jié)合語境可知這個醉酒的司機撞過老人，但是事后不記得了，故用短語remember doing sth，故填入knock的動名詞形式，故選C。答案：C44.In my opinion, we should help the old when they are in trouble._A

16、. Congratulations!B. Yes, please.C. Best wishes!D. I think so, too.解析：Congratulations祝賀；Yes，please好的；Best wishes 最美好的祝福；I think so, too我也這樣認為。根據(jù)In my opinion, we should help the old when they are in trouble.下面同意這種說法，用I think so, too回答。故選：D。答案：D45.Ive been waiting for you for ages. What kept you so l

17、ong, John?_, but I have been caught in a traffic jam for nearly an hour.A. Not at allB. Never mindC. Im so sorryD. Thats all right解析：Not at all一點也不；Never mind沒關(guān)系；I'm so sorry抱歉；That's all right 沒關(guān)系。根據(jù)but I have been caught in a traffic jam for nearly an hour，這里用了but，應(yīng)該是抱歉。故選C。答案：C. Complete

18、the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次）（共8分）A. chat B. interview C. trained D. operation E. relationshipAnimal Talk “Calm down!”said Alex.“Dont tell me to calm down!”replied Irene.Husband and wife? Brother and sister? No,

19、Alex was an African gray parrot, and Dr. Irene Pepperberg 46 him to talk he had a vocabulary of about 150 words when he died in 2007. Alex could also count up to six, and identify shapes, colors, and materials. And he had a close 47 with Dr. Pepperberg. When she had to leave Alex with the vet for a(

20、n) 48 , he asked her not to go.“Stop!” he screamed. “I love you! Come back!”Apes are also famous for learning human language. Koko, a gorilla who was taught sign language, has learned more than 1000 signs and can understand about 2000 English words. She also makes up words. She has even had an Inter

21、net“ 49 ”! But one of the most famous animal “l(fā)anguage learners” is Kanzi, a chimpanzee, who communicates by touching symbols on a computer.46.解析：考查動詞。根據(jù)后一句：he had a vocabulary of about 150words when he died in 2007.句意：當(dāng)他在2007年死的時候，他已經(jīng)掌握的詞匯量大約 是150個單詞?？芍摼渚湟馐牵?Dr. Irene Pepperberg訓(xùn)練他說話。又因該句是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)合

22、上下文可知該句是一般過去式，所以設(shè)空處填動詞過去式做謂語，選項 C：trained訓(xùn)練，是過去式動詞，符合題意，故選 C。答案：C47.解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)題干可知固定搭配：have a close chat with sb.與某人親密的聊天，所以設(shè)空處填名詞" chat" 聊天，故選A。答案：A48.解析：根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞" vet "獸醫(yī)，可知該句的句意是：當(dāng)她不得不離開亞歷克斯和獸醫(yī)去做手術(shù)的時候。又因題干關(guān)鍵詞"a(n)" 是不定冠詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)， 選項 D： operation 手術(shù)，是可數(shù)名詞，符合題意，故選D。答案：

23、D49.解析：根據(jù)語境：But one of the most famous animal "language learners" is Kanzi，a chimpanzee，who communicates by touching symbols on a computer. 句意：但有一個最著名的動物“語言學(xué)家”是坎濟，他是一只黑猩猩，能在計算機上通過觸摸符號交流?？芍摼涞木湟馐牵核踔劣芯W(wǎng)絡(luò)“關(guān)系”。又因題干關(guān)鍵詞" an"修飾可數(shù)名詞，選項 E：relationship關(guān)系，是可數(shù)名詞，符合題意，故選 E。答案：EA. accurately B

24、. bring back C. relaxing D. turn off E. correctlyKanzi has a vocabulary of over 3000 words, and he responds to a large number of spoken commands and questions. In one test, the researcher, Dr. Savage-Rumbaugh asked him to wash a potato, and then she told him to 50 the water. She asked him to get a b

25、all, and told him to take a red ball into the office. She told him to put a tomato and a key in the fridge. Kanzi responded 51 to 74 percent of 660 requests and instructions.Kanzi clearly a remarkable chimp. Once, Dr. Savage-Rumbaughs keys were stolen by another chimp. She asked Kanzi to get them ba

26、ck. Kanzi went to talk to the guilty chimp to 52 the stolen keys. And when hes 53 , Kanzi likes watching TVTarzon is one of his favourite movies.50.解析：考查動詞短語。根據(jù)語境： In one test, the researcher, Dr. SavageRumbaugh asked him to wash a potato. 句意： 在一次試驗中，研究者drsavagerumbaugh讓他去洗洗土豆。可知該句的句意是：然后她告訴他關(guān)掉水。又因題

27、干關(guān)鍵詞" to " 后面加動詞原形，選項 D： turn off 關(guān)掉，是動詞短語，符合題意，故選 D。答案：D51.解析：考查副詞。根據(jù)下一句：Kanzi clearly a remarkable chimp.句意：Kanzi顯然是一只非凡的黑猩猩?？芍摼涞木湟馐牵篕anzi準(zhǔn)確地回應(yīng)660個要求和說明的74%又因題干關(guān)鍵詞" responded" 回應(yīng)，是動詞，可用副詞來修飾。選項A：accurately精確地，準(zhǔn)確地，是副詞，符合題意，故選A。答案：A52.解析：考查動詞短語。根據(jù)語境：Once, Dr. SavageRumbaugh'

28、s keys were stolen by another chimp. She asked Kanzi to get them back. 句意：一次，Dr. savagerumbaugh的鑰匙被另一只黑猩猩偷走了。她讓Kanzi把他們要回來?？芍摼渚湟馐牵篕anzi就去告訴有罪的黑猩猩還回被偷的鑰匙。又因題干關(guān)鍵詞" to" 后面加動詞原形，選項B：bring back帶回，拿回， 是動詞短語，符合題意，故選B。答案：B53.解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)語境：Kanzi likes watching TVTarzon is oneof his favourite movi

29、es.句意：Kanzi喜歡看電視塔松是他最喜歡的電影之一。可知該句句意是：當(dāng)他放松的時候。又因該句是以" when" 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句， 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時， 所以從句用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。所以設(shè)空處填現(xiàn)在分詞。選項 C：relaxing 放松，是現(xiàn)在分詞，符合題意，故選C。答案：C.Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一詞）（共8分）54. Its not good to make _ for being late for sch

30、ool. (excuse)解析：根據(jù)It's not good to make_ for being late for school. (excuse)可知為上學(xué)遲到找借口是不好的這里放在動詞后面用名詞形式，這里表示不止一個，用復(fù)數(shù)形式故填excuses。答案：excuses55. _ Avenue is a good place for window shopping. (five)解析：根據(jù)_Avenue is a good place for window shopping. (five)可知第五大街是逛街的好去處這里表示第幾個用序數(shù)詞表示故填Fifth。答案：Fifth56.

31、The comic book was so exciting that they all lost _ in it. (they)解析：根據(jù)The comic book was so exciting that they all lost_ in it. (they)可知這本漫畫書如此令人興奮，以致于大家都迷上了它。lose oneself表示沉湎于，故填themselves。答案：themselves57. We have full _ that we shall succeed. (confident)解析：根據(jù)We have full_ that we shall succeed.(co

32、nfident) 可知我們完全相信我們會成功。這里放在形容詞后面用名詞形式，故填confidence。答案：confidence58. There wasnt enough evidence to _ him guilty. (proof)解析：考查單詞填空。句意：沒有足夠的證據(jù)證明他有罪。根據(jù)所給單詞提示及其題干，可知not enough to do 是“不足以做某事”的意思，所以用動詞prove，故答案為prove。答案：prove59. It was the most _ experience of my life. Oh, what an awful day! (frighten)解析

33、：考查單詞填空。句意：那是我一生中最可怕的經(jīng)歷。哦，多么可怕的一天。根據(jù)所給單詞提示及其題干，可知應(yīng)說那是我一生中最可怕的經(jīng)歷，這里用形容詞frightening，故答案為frightening。答案：frightening60. Sometimes life is very _, but we must continue. (helpful）解析：根據(jù)提示，推測意思是有時生活是非常絕望的，但我們必須繼續(xù)。前面是系動詞is，后接形容詞，故答案是helpless。答案：helpless61. Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teach

34、ers help us _.(patient)解析：根據(jù)提示，推測意思是每當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)有困難時，老師總是耐心地幫助我們。這里用副詞修飾動詞help，故答案是patiently。答案：patiently. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根據(jù)所給要求，改寫下列句子。第62-67題空格限填一詞，第68題注意句首大寫）（共14分）62. You have never seen such a beautiful sunset.（改為一般疑問句）_ you _ seen such a beautiful sunset?解析：原句是現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句，

35、改為一般疑問句要把助動詞have提前，放在句首，其它部分不變，故答案為Have, never。答案：Have, never63. The first computers were built in the 1940s.（對劃線部分提問）_ _ the first computers built?解析：劃線部分in the 19404是時間，對時間提問用when，然后提前助動詞were，其它部分不變，故答案為When were。答案：When were64. It is uncertain. Will coffee cause problems with memory?（合并為一句）It is

36、uncertain _ coffee _ cause problems with memory or not.解析：分析原句，意思是這是不確定的，咖啡會引起記憶問題嗎？要求合并為一句，結(jié)合后面or not，即用whether引導(dǎo)一個賓語從句，為陳述句語序，時態(tài)是一般將來時，用will，故答案是whether, will。答案：whether, will65. Shelley was so lucky that she won a free trip to Singapore.（改為簡單句）Shelley was lucky _ to _ a free trip to Singapore.解析：

37、分析原句，意思是雪萊是如此幸運，她贏得了一次免費的新加坡之旅。要求改為簡單句，即用be enough to do，故答案是enough, win。答案：enough, win66. Big flood often affects a great many people.（改為被動語態(tài)）A great many people _ often _ by big flood.解析：分析原句，意思是大洪水經(jīng)常影響許多人。要求改為被動語態(tài)，即用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)是am/is/are done，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故答案是are affected。答案：are affected67. I wont go

38、to the party if Im not invited.（同義句型轉(zhuǎn)換）I wont go to the party _ _ invited.解析：分析原句，意思是如果我不被邀請，我就不去參加聚會了。要求同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，這里if not意思相當(dāng)于unless，故答案是unless I'm。答案：unless I'm68. more chances, offers, working in pairs, from each other, the students, to, learn English（連詞成句）_解析：首先結(jié)合提示詞和標(biāo)點符合明確所要組合的句子是一個陳述句，組合成

39、的句子的句意是“結(jié)對練習(xí)給學(xué)生提供更多互相學(xué)習(xí)英語的機會?！保渥訑⑹鲆患聦?，時態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時的，這里用動名詞短語做主語，后面謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，后面用to引導(dǎo)的不定式形式，learn from向?qū)W習(xí)。故答案為：Working in pairs offers the students more chances to learn English from each other.答案：Working in pairs offers the students more chances to learn English from each other.Part 3 Reading and

40、 Writing（第三部分 讀寫）. Reading comprehension（閱讀理解）（共50分）A. Choose the best answer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?2分）Spiderman saves the dayA comic book fan dressed as Spiderman became a real superhero on Saturday. He tackled a thief who was trying to steal an expensive comic book.Michael Wong, 24, was wearing a Spid

41、erman costume to attend the annual Asian Festival of Comics at the Sunny Sports Club. He saw the man putting the $350 comic book into his sports bag.There were about 50 people at the festival wearing superhero costumes that day, said Maddie Tam, the festival organizer. We enjoy seeing people dressed

42、 up as their favourite characters while they shop for comics. However, we didnt expect to see any of them actually stop a crime.The thief did not have a chance to escape. While Spiderman took hold of his sweatshirt, several Star Wars characters blocked the exit. After a short struggle, the embarrass

43、ed robber gave the book back.At first, I thought it was part of the festival, said Sharon Luk, a rock climbing instructor dressed as Wonder Woman. Reading comics is fun but watching superheroes in action is even better.We were rather surprised when we arrived, said Police Constable Albert Mak. It ca

44、n be easily seen that Spiderman hates to let criminals get away. Maybe hell be interested in joining the police.Crime-fighting is easy for Spiderman, Mr Wong said, laughing. The poor man was a bit unlucky as I teach judo（柔道）lessons here at the club.69. According to the report, Mr Wong went to the Su

45、nny Sports Club to _.A. catch a thiefB. teach judoC. attend a festivalD. steal a comic book解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Michael Wong, 24, was wearing a Spiderman costume to attend the annual Asian Festival of Comics at the Sunny Sports Club"可知，24歲的邁克爾黃穿著蜘蛛俠的服裝，在陽光明媚的體育俱樂部參加一年一度的亞洲漫畫節(jié)。所以邁克爾黃是去參加漫畫節(jié)的，故答案為C。答

46、案：C70. In Line 1, the word tackled is closest in meaning to _.A. stoppedB. reportedC. argued withD. cared for解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"He tackled a thief who was trying to steal an expensive comic book"和"However, we didn't expect to see any of them actually stop a crime"可知，然而，我們沒想到他們中的任何一個

47、都能真正阻止犯罪，所以tackled和stop是同義詞，故答案為A。答案：A71. The thief _.A. escaped at lastB. fought with Mr WongC. kept the comic bookD. wore a Spiderman costume解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"After a short struggle, the embarrassed robber gave the book back."可知，小偷和邁克爾黃進行了打斗，故答案為B。答案：B72. Sharon Luk felt _about what she saw.A.

48、 angryB. unhappyC. excitedD. perfect解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"At first, I thought it was part of the festival, 'said Sharon Luk, a rock climbing instructor dressed as Wonder Woman. Reading comics is fun but watching superheroes in action is even better.'"可知，Sharon Luk看到現(xiàn)實版的超人很激動，故答案為C。答案：C73. Wh

49、ich of the following is NOT true about the man who caught the thief?A. superheroB. organizerC. club memberD. judo coach（教練）解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"A comic book fan dressed as Spiderman became a real superhero on Saturday"可知，抓小偷的人是一個打扮成蜘蛛俠的漫畫迷，而不是組織者，故答案為B。答案：B74. The article probably appears in a(n) _

50、.A. newspaperB. advertisementC. comic stripD. science magazine解析：推理判斷題。A報紙，B廣告，C連環(huán)漫畫，D科學(xué)雜志；通讀全文可知，文章是一篇新聞報道，文章中有組織者、參加者和警察的原話，可以推測本文很可能來自于報紙。故答案為A。答案：AB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或詞語完成短文）（12分）The traditional baths of Turkey（土耳其）Hamams, or bath houses, are a tr

51、aditional part of Turkish culture. They represent an important piece of Turkeys long history and serve as a window into the past. However, these bath houses are quickly 75 because of the changing habits of the Turkish people.Hamams hold a strong place in the history of Turkey and many data back hund

52、reds of years. Traditionally, all kinds of people went to hamams because Islam has strict laws for cleanliness. Believers must wash themselves 76 , especially before their daily prayers（禱告）. As most people in Turkey didnt have running water in their homes, the Hamam was the perfect place to get clea

53、n, relax, and catch up with friends.Today, however, the tradition of going to the hamam is dying out for many young people. Now almost everyone has running water in their bathrooms, so they prefer to bathe at home. 77 , Turkish people are not going to hamams as often as they used to. These days, ins

54、tead of relying on locals, many hamams are trying to attract foreign tourists.A typical 78 at a hamam can last well over an hour. Visitors will be welcomed into entrance hall. There they will be able to relax with friends and chat over a cup of tea. They will also be able to change into the Turkish

55、towel, which wraps around the waist like a skirt. When ready, visitors will head into the hot room. There they will lie on the hot floor and be scrubbed clean and massaged by one of the in-house masseurs or masseuses. Men and women always bathe separately（分開地），but their experiences are very 79 .Alth

56、ough many hamams are in danger of closing, they will always remain a part of Turkish culture. An experience in one of Istanbuls famous bath houses should not be 80 on any visit to Turkey. It will certainly leave you refreshed, relaxed, and squeaky clean for your next adventure.75.A. developingB. disappearingC. setting upD. falling down解析：考查動詞。A. developing發(fā)展；B. disappearing消失；C. setting up設(shè)立；D. falling down