鉆眼爆破(井巷掘進(jìn)與支護(hù))（課堂PPT）

1、23410cRf 式中： Rc巖石的單軸抗壓強(qiáng)度，MPa或kg/cm3, 1kg/cm2約等于0.098 MPa，工程上近似為0.1MPa。100cRf 5級別級別堅(jiān)固性程度堅(jiān)固性程度巖石巖石堅(jiān)固性系數(shù)堅(jiān)固性系數(shù)fI最堅(jiān)固的巖石最堅(jiān)固的巖石最堅(jiān)固、最致密的石英巖及玄武巖，其它最堅(jiān)固的巖石最堅(jiān)固、最致密的石英巖及玄武巖，其它最堅(jiān)固的巖石20II很堅(jiān)固的巖石很堅(jiān)固的巖石很堅(jiān)固的花崗巖類：石英斑巖，很堅(jiān)固的花崗巖，硅質(zhì)很堅(jiān)固的花崗巖類：石英斑巖，很堅(jiān)固的花崗巖，硅質(zhì)片巖；堅(jiān)固程度較片巖；堅(jiān)固程度較I級巖石稍差的石英巖；最堅(jiān)固的砂巖級巖石稍差的石英巖；最堅(jiān)固的砂巖及石灰?guī)r及石灰?guī)r15III堅(jiān)固的巖石堅(jiān)

2、固的巖石致密的花崗巖及花崗巖類巖石，很堅(jiān)固的砂巖及石灰?guī)r，致密的花崗巖及花崗巖類巖石，很堅(jiān)固的砂巖及石灰?guī)r，石英質(zhì)礦脈，堅(jiān)固的礫巖，很堅(jiān)固的鐵礦石石英質(zhì)礦脈，堅(jiān)固的礫巖，很堅(jiān)固的鐵礦石10IIIa堅(jiān)固的巖石堅(jiān)固的巖石堅(jiān)固的石灰?guī)r，不堅(jiān)固的花崗巖，堅(jiān)固的砂巖，堅(jiān)固的堅(jiān)固的石灰?guī)r，不堅(jiān)固的花崗巖，堅(jiān)固的砂巖，堅(jiān)固的大理巖，白云巖，黃鐵礦大理巖，白云巖，黃鐵礦8IV相當(dāng)堅(jiān)固的巖石相當(dāng)堅(jiān)固的巖石一般的砂巖，鐵礦石一般的砂巖，鐵礦石6IVa相當(dāng)堅(jiān)固的巖石相當(dāng)堅(jiān)固的巖石砂質(zhì)頁巖，泥質(zhì)砂巖砂質(zhì)頁巖，泥質(zhì)砂巖5V堅(jiān)固性中等的巖堅(jiān)固性中等的巖石石堅(jiān)固的頁巖，不堅(jiān)固的砂巖及石灰?guī)r，軟的礫巖堅(jiān)固的頁巖，不堅(jiān)固的砂巖

3、及石灰?guī)r，軟的礫巖4Va堅(jiān)固性中等的巖堅(jiān)固性中等的巖石石各種不堅(jiān)固的頁巖，致密的泥灰?guī)r，各種不堅(jiān)固的頁巖，致密的泥灰?guī)r，3VI相當(dāng)軟的巖石相當(dāng)軟的巖石軟的頁巖，很軟的石灰?guī)r，白堊，巖鹽，石膏，凍土，軟的頁巖，很軟的石灰?guī)r，白堊，巖鹽，石膏，凍土，無煙煤，普通泥灰?guī)r，破碎的砂巖，膠結(jié)的卵石及粗沙無煙煤，普通泥灰?guī)r，破碎的砂巖，膠結(jié)的卵石及粗沙礫，多石塊的土礫，多石塊的土2VIa相當(dāng)軟的巖石相當(dāng)軟的巖石碎石土，破碎頁巖，結(jié)塊的卵石及碎石，堅(jiān)硬的煙煤，碎石土，破碎頁巖，結(jié)塊的卵石及碎石，堅(jiān)硬的煙煤，硬化的粘土硬化的粘土1.5VII軟巖軟巖致密的粘土，軟的煙煤，堅(jiān)固的表土層致密的粘土，軟的煙煤，堅(jiān)固的

4、表土層1.0VIIa軟巖軟巖微砂質(zhì)粘土，黃土，細(xì)礫石微砂質(zhì)粘土，黃土，細(xì)礫石0.8VIII土質(zhì)巖石土質(zhì)巖石腐植土，泥煤，微砂質(zhì)粘土，濕砂腐植土，泥煤，微砂質(zhì)粘土，濕砂0.6IX松散巖石松散巖石砂，細(xì)礫，松土，采下的煤砂，細(xì)礫，松土，采下的煤0.5X流沙狀巖石流沙狀巖石流砂，沼澤土壤，包含水的黃土既包含水的土壤流砂，沼澤土壤，包含水的黃土既包含水的土壤0.367891011YT-23型風(fēng)鉆外形 121314151617組合釬子 活動(dòng)釬頭 煤電鉆鉆具 1819CGJ220.2型掘進(jìn)鑿巖臺車 20鑿巖臺車鑿巖臺車21大型的鑿巖臺車大型的鑿巖臺車22不同最小抵抗線時(shí)的集中藥包爆破現(xiàn)象 23三、炮眼的布

5、置三、炮眼的布置242526炮眼的布置炮眼的布置27282930 硝酸銨水溶液與油相溶液及消焰劑在乳化劑的作用下形成乳膠體，經(jīng)敏化劑敏化混合而成?？顾詮?qiáng)，威力較大。31煤礦許用導(dǎo)爆索這種導(dǎo)爆索與普通導(dǎo)爆索的區(qū)別是在芯藥和包覆層內(nèi)加入消焰劑,起到了類似于煤礦安全炸藥和被筒炸藥的作用。32333435363738巷道掘巷道掘進(jìn)斷面進(jìn)斷面(m2)巖石堅(jiān)固性系數(shù)巖石堅(jiān)固性系數(shù) f1.52346810121415206 8 10 12 15 200.780.650.560.520.470.440.401.050.890.780.720.660.640.601.501.281.121.010.920.900.862.151.891.691.511.361.311.262.642.332.091.901.781.671