實用全的英語基礎(chǔ)語法學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、實用實用(shyng)全的英語基礎(chǔ)語法全的英語基礎(chǔ)語法第一頁，共51頁。一、名詞(mng c)名詞名詞具體名具體名詞詞抽象名抽象名詞詞普通名詞普通名詞專有名專有名詞詞個體名詞個體名詞集體名詞集體名詞名詞名詞可數(shù)名可數(shù)名詞詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞單單數(shù)數(shù)復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)第1頁/共51頁第二頁，共51頁。英語語法中，名詞有兩種數(shù)的形式：英語語法中，名詞有兩種數(shù)的形式：1）單）單數(shù)數(shù)(dnsh)（表示一個人或事物）；（表示一個人或事物）；2）復(fù)數(shù)（表示多于一個的人或數(shù)）。只有）復(fù)數(shù)（表示多于一個的人或數(shù)）。只有可數(shù)名詞才有復(fù)數(shù)形式?？蓴?shù)名詞才有復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞名詞(mng (mng c)c)的數(shù)：的數(shù)： 第2頁

2、/共51頁第三頁，共51頁。名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式(xngsh)的構(gòu)成的構(gòu)成形式形式變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則發(fā)音發(fā)音例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+s1. 清輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后清輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后s2. 濁輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后濁輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后z；3. 元音結(jié)尾的名詞后元音結(jié)尾的名詞后z;books, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以以-s,-sh, -ch, -x, -z結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞+esizbus, brush, boxes, watch,大多數(shù)以大多數(shù)以-o結(jié)結(jié)尾的名詞尾的名詞+esztomatoes, potatoes以元音字母加以元音字母加o結(jié)尾

3、的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞+szradios, pianos以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞把把y改成改成i再加再加eszstories, families, babies以以f和和fe結(jié)尾結(jié)尾的大多數(shù)名詞的大多數(shù)名詞把把f或或fe改改成成v再加再加eszthieves, knives第3頁/共51頁第四頁，共51頁。1.由元音字母的變化構(gòu)成：由元音字母的變化構(gòu)成：2. man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice, woman-women3.2. 有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣(yyng)：4. sheep,

4、 deer, fish(但也可以是但也可以是fishes)5.有些名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時加有些名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時加-en: 6. child-children, ox-oxen不規(guī)則名詞不規(guī)則名詞(mng c)的復(fù)數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)第4頁/共51頁第五頁，共51頁。Practise1.peach_ 2. zoo _3. glass _4. fox _5. lady _6. policewoman _7. house _ 8. photo _9. monkey _ 10. wife _11. rose _12. path _13. judge _14. map _peacheszoosglassesfoxesladi

5、espolicewomenhousesphotosmonkeyswivesrosespathsjudgesmaps第5頁/共51頁第六頁，共51頁。二、人稱(rnchng)代詞主格： I we you she he it they賓格(bn )： me us you her him it them形容詞性物主代詞： my our your her his its their名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 第一人稱第一人稱(d y rn chn)第二人稱第二人稱第三人稱第三人稱后跟名詞后跟名詞能夠在句子中獨立作能夠在句子中獨立作主語、賓語

6、或表語主語、賓語或表語第6頁/共51頁第七頁，共51頁。Practise1._(他) is my brother.2.2. I had a letter from _ (她).3.3. Its all right; its only _(我).4.4. Today _(我們(w men) went in _(我們(w men)的) car; tomorrow _(我們(w men) are going in _(他們的).5.5. _(我) lend _(我的) books gladly to _ (我的) friends and to _(你的).6.6. Can you help _(我)

7、 with _(我的) English.7.7. When _(你) go to see _(你的) father, please take these books to _(他).8.8. _(他們) found _(它) difficult to learn German.HehermeweourwetheirsImymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit第7頁/共51頁第八頁，共51頁。所有格所有格所有格的形式所有格的形式單數(shù)人稱名詞單數(shù)人稱名詞(mng c)末尾加末尾加 schild-childs以以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)人稱名詞結(jié)尾的單數(shù)人稱名詞(mng c)末尾加末尾加sw

8、aitress-waitresss不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞(mng c)末尾加末尾加schildren-childrens以以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞(mng c)末尾加末尾加girls-girls以以-s結(jié)尾的一些人名末尾加結(jié)尾的一些人名末尾加sJames-Jamess下列情況一般用下列情況一般用 “of”結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：東西東西(沒有現(xiàn)成的復(fù)合名詞時沒有現(xiàn)成的復(fù)合名詞時): the book of the film2. 東西的一部分東西的一部分: the bottom of the box3. 抽象抽象(chuxing)的概念的概念: the price of

9、success4. 當(dāng)當(dāng)of短語中的名詞被另一個短語或從句修飾時：短語中的名詞被另一個短語或從句修飾時： Cant you look at the book of the boy behind you?雙重雙重(shungchng)第8頁/共51頁第九頁，共51頁。 s結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用于結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用于 “of”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，如：結(jié)構(gòu)之后，如：a friend of my fathers , 出現(xiàn)這種情況是因為在一個名詞出現(xiàn)這種情況是因為在一個名詞(mng c)前通常只用一個限前通常只用一個限定詞，又如：定詞，又如：this son of mine, a friend of yours, a cousi

10、n of hers等等等。等。Isnt Frank a friend of yours?That silly uncle of Toms has told me the same Joke five times.第9頁/共51頁第十頁，共51頁。冠詞不定冠詞不定冠詞a,an定冠詞定冠詞the只能用于單數(shù)只能用于單數(shù)(dnsh)可數(shù)名詞之前可數(shù)名詞之前單數(shù)單數(shù)(dnsh)可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞零冠詞名詞名詞(mng c)前可不用冠詞前可不用冠詞第10頁/共51頁第十一頁，共51頁。不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法(yn f)：表示表示“一一”，“任何一個任何一個

11、”或或“不管哪一個不管哪一個”的意思。的意思。 I have a sister and two brothers.2. 在某些度量表示法中：在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessons three times a week.3. 用在單數(shù)的表語名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗用在單數(shù)的表語名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗教、等級等。教、等級等。 George wants to be an engineer.4. 在以在以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前。引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前。 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短語中。一些常用短語中。 have a

12、good time, half an hour, have a headache.第11頁/共51頁第十二頁，共51頁。定冠詞的用法：定冠詞的用法：用來表示用來表示“獨一無二獨一無二”的意思。的意思。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示表示“說話的人剛剛提到說話的人剛剛提到(t do)過的人或事過的人或事物物”。 There is a boat in the river. The boat is made of wood.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語的名詞前。用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語的名詞前。 the letter f

13、rom America, the fourteenth of April4. 用在泛指的樂器名詞前。用在泛指的樂器名詞前。 He plays the piano.5. 一些常用短語。一些常用短語。 by the way, in the morning, Whats the matter?第12頁/共51頁第十三頁，共51頁。零冠詞的用法：零冠詞的用法：泛指的抽象名詞前。泛指的抽象名詞前。Life is very hard for some people.2. 泛指的物質(zhì)名詞前。泛指的物質(zhì)名詞前。Water is very useful.3. 泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。Books ar

14、e my best friends.4. 泛指的泛指的“餐餐”名前。名前。Come to have dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多數(shù)的專有名詞前。大多數(shù)的專有名詞前。He comes from France.6. 語言的名詞前。語言的名詞前。She can speak French.7. 在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞前。在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞前。Winter is the best time for skating.8. 當(dāng)名詞前已有一些當(dāng)名詞前已有一些(yxi)代詞修飾時。代詞修飾時。My brother is a soldier.9. 在體育項目的名詞前。在體育項目的名詞前

15、。play basketball10. 一些一些(yxi)常用短語。常用短語。 at home, go to school, at night第13頁/共51頁第十四頁，共51頁。1. There is _notebook on my desk. I use _ notebook to keep a diary.2. There is _bottle on the table. _ water in it is sweet.3. Wangs mother is _English teacher. She teaches in _ primary school.4. China is _ anc

16、ient country with _ long history.5. China has _ population of 12 hundred million. _ Chinese people are _ great people.6. Her mother is _ university teacher. She is _ honest woman.7. None of _books should be taken out of _ room without _ permission of _ librarian.8. _Party always teaches us to work f

17、or _ people heart and soul.9. She studies at _No. 3 Middle School. She goes to _ school by _ bus every day.10. My elder sister is _student of _ English. She studies at _ college.11. _ Monday before _ Spring Festival was very cold.12. Have you had _dinner? PractiseatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/

18、The/aaThe/第14頁/共51頁第十五頁，共51頁。四、動詞四、動詞(dngc) 動詞主要表示動作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)動詞主要表示動作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)(xngzh)，有時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等形式的變化。，有時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等形式的變化。 小學(xué)階段所涉及的動詞小學(xué)階段所涉及的動詞(dngc)主要有：實義主要有：實義動詞動詞(dngc)、be動詞動詞(dngc)、情態(tài)動詞、情態(tài)動詞(dngc)can等。等。第15頁/共51頁第十六頁，共51頁。Be動詞(dngc)am, is, arewas, werebeen第16頁/共51頁第十七頁，共51頁。Practise1. He _ very g

19、ood at English. 2. My father and I _ going to Beijing next month. 3. _ you on duty the day before yesterday? 4. Mr. King _ in London two weeks ago. 5. There _ many kinds of animals in the zoo. 6. What _ the date yesterday? 7. Look! A little girl _ flying a kite. 8. Who _ not at school last Monday? 9

20、. Have you ever _ to Japan?10. I _ not a nurse. I work as a doctor.isareWerewasarewasiswasbeenam第17頁/共51頁第十八頁，共51頁。動詞(dngc)的基本形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞studystudiesstudiedstudied studyingdodoesdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearned/learntlearning第18頁/共51頁第十九頁，共51頁。第三人稱(d sn rn

21、 chn)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+sworks, learns, eats, needs, says結(jié)尾為結(jié)尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses, washes, teaches, goes, fixes結(jié)尾為輔音結(jié)尾為輔音字母字母+y變y為i+escarries, studies, flies, hurries, cries 動詞be和have的第三人稱(d sn rn chn)單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式分別是is和has。第19頁/共51頁第二十頁，共51頁。動詞(dngc)的過去式 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成例詞讀音例詞讀音在動詞在動詞后加后加ed在以在以e結(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞尾的動詞

22、后加后加ed在以輔音字母加在以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞后，結(jié)尾的動詞后，先變先變y為為i再加再加ed在重讀閉音節(jié)或在重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個輔音字母時，須雙寫輔音字母時，須雙寫這個輔音字母再加這個輔音字母再加ed在清輔音后讀在清輔音后讀tlookedwashedpassedhopedlikedstoppeddropped在元音和濁輔音在元音和濁輔音后讀后讀dstayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedcarriedplannedpreferred在輔音在輔音t、d后讀后讀idtastedneededadmittedpermitted第20頁/共51

23、頁第二十一頁，共51頁。現(xiàn)在(xinzi)分詞情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+ingdoing, asking, helping以不發(fā)音的以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾結(jié)尾的動詞的動詞去去e加加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只有一個輔而末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞音字母的動詞雙寫最后一個輔音雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加字母，再加ingrunning, swimming, putting, sitting第21頁/共51頁第二十二頁，共51頁。原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過去式現(xiàn)在分詞have givegetread swee

24、pplay carry hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise第22頁/共51頁第二十三頁，共51頁。五、動詞(dngc)的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)是表示動作或狀態(tài)動詞時態(tài)是表示動作或狀態(tài)(zhungti)發(fā)生或存在的時間和表示方式的發(fā)生或存在的時間和表示方式的一種動詞形式。一種動詞形式。小學(xué)階段小學(xué)階段(jidun)所學(xué)的時態(tài)有：所學(xué)的時態(tài)有：一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：work/works2. 現(xiàn)在

25、進(jìn)行時：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am/is/are working3. 一般過去時：一般過去時：worked4. 一般將來時：一般將來時：am/is/are going to work第23頁/共51頁第二十四頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)現(xiàn)在時通常表示通常表示(biosh)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動作或目前的狀態(tài)。的動作或目前的狀態(tài)。常與時間副詞連用：常與時間副詞連用：always, often, usually, every, on Sundays, twice a week等。等?；?jbn)結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句I work.We work.I dont work.We dont

26、 work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSheHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it第24頁/共51頁第二十五頁，共51頁?，F(xiàn)在(xinzi)進(jìn)行時通常表示通常表示(biosh)說話時或現(xiàn)階段說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動作。它所表正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動作。它所表示示(biosh)的動作具有持續(xù)性、暫的動作具有持續(xù)性、暫時性和未完成性。時性和未完成性。常見的與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有

27、關(guān)的詞有：常見的與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有關(guān)的詞有：now, these days, look, listen等。等?；净?jbn)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You arent working.Are you working?They are working. They arent working. Are they working?SheHe is working.It

28、SheHe isnt working.It sheIs he working? it第25頁/共51頁第二十六頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)過去時通常表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或通常表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在存在(cnzi)的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習(xí)慣性動的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習(xí)慣性動作。作。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用：常與表示過去的時間狀語連用：yesterday, last, ago, just now, in 1998等。等?；净?jbn)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Di

29、d I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you work?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it第26頁/共51頁第二十七頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)將來時表示將來發(fā)生的動作或情況。表示將來發(fā)生的動作或情況。常與一些表示將來的時間狀語連用常與一些表示將來的時間狀語連用(linyng)：tomorrow, next, Be going to do表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿?/p>

30、事；也表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈?；也可以表示可以表示“預(yù)見預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。某種情況?；净?jbn)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句否定句一般疑問句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to work.We arent going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?Youre going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyr

31、e going to work.They arent going to work. Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? it第27頁/共51頁第二十八頁，共51頁。1.Peter _ (play) basketball twice a week.2. Do you believe what he _ (say) just now?3. Look! The lazy cat _ (sleep) in the sofa.4. There

32、 _(be) a book and two pens on the desk.5. _you _(see ) a film tomorrow morning? 6. She _(not play) the guitar at the moment.7. What _his father usually _(do) in the evening ?8. They _ ( have ) a meeting next week, arent they? 9. Both he and I _ (be) teachers. 10. I _ (not feel ) very well yesterday

33、.11. He put on his coat and _ (go) out.12. Lei Feng often _ (help) others and he was helpful.13. Next Sunday, we _ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Your mother _ (wait) for you at the school gate.Practiseplayssaidis sleepingisAregoing to seeisnt playingdoesdoare going to havearedidnt feelwenthelpsare

34、going to cleanis waiting第28頁/共51頁第二十九頁，共51頁。六、介詞六、介詞(jic)介詞在句子中表示名詞或代詞等與其他詞之間的關(guān)系。不能單獨作句介詞在句子中表示名詞或代詞等與其他詞之間的關(guān)系。不能單獨作句子成分，常位于名詞或代詞（或與之相當(dāng)?shù)钠渌~類、短語、從句）子成分，常位于名詞或代詞（或與之相當(dāng)?shù)钠渌~類、短語、從句）前面構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞后面前面構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞后面(hu mian)的成分作介詞的賓語。的成分作介詞的賓語。方位方位(fngwi)介詞介詞in,on,at,under,to,behind,beside,near,before,infrontof

35、,nextto,between時間介詞時間介詞in,on,at,after,before,fromto,past,between其它其它of,by,with,into,outof,for,第29頁/共51頁第三十頁，共51頁。Practise1. Look _ the picture. Its picture_ my school. 2. There is a school building _ my school. It has five floors._ the school building, there is a big playground. _school, the childre

36、n always play ball games there. 3. My classroom is_ the fifth floor. Its big and clean. 4. Miss Li is our class teacher. She comes _ school early every morning. She comes _bicycle. Then she does morning exercises _us. She likes sports. Tomorrow is her birthday. We will make a card _ her. We love her

37、 very much. 5. There are some apples _ the tree. 6. Wheres your study? Its next _ my bedroom.7. The car _ the tree is Jacks. 8. The ball is_ the door, so you cant see it.9. _ _ _the house, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Someone is knocking _the door.11. There is something wrong _ my computer.atof

38、inNearAfterontobywithforontounderbehindIn front ofatwith第30頁/共51頁第三十一頁，共51頁。七、數(shù)詞(shc)1. 表示數(shù)目表示數(shù)目(shm)的詞稱為基數(shù)詞的詞稱為基數(shù)詞2. 表示數(shù)目表示數(shù)目(shm)順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞1.112的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：2.one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve3.1319的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：4. thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, six

39、teen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen5.2090的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：6. twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety7.2129的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)：8. twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five,9. twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine10. thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven.-

40、teen-ty十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間要加連字符號十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間要加連字符號“-”第31頁/共51頁第三十二頁，共51頁。2. 百位數(shù)百位數(shù)：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundredfive hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and one3. 千位數(shù)千位數(shù)：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousand one hundred and five百

41、位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加and。 注意注意(zh y) 英語中沒有英語中沒有“萬萬”這個單位，所以常用這個單位，所以常用(chn yn)thousand來表示。來表示。ten thousand, thirty thousand, fifteen thousand one hundred,five hundred and one thousand four hundred and thirty-two第32頁/共51頁第三十三頁，共51頁。1.英語序數(shù)詞第英語序數(shù)詞第1-19除了除了first, second與與third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基數(shù)詞加后綴有特殊形式外，其余的都由

42、基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。2. 注意：注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和和twelfth的拼法。的拼法。3.2. 十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾(cwi)ty中的中的y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕，然，然后加后綴后加后綴-eth,如：如：4. twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth5.3.十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有1-9的個位數(shù)時，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，中間用的個位數(shù)時，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，中間用“-”連字符。如：連字符。如：6. twenty-fourth,

43、 ninety-fifth7.4. 百、千、萬等的序數(shù)詞由百、千、萬等的序數(shù)詞由hundred, thousand, million等加等加-th,前面加有關(guān)的基數(shù)詞前面加有關(guān)的基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成。如：構(gòu)成。如：8. one hundredth, one thousandth9. 注意：序數(shù)詞前的注意：序數(shù)詞前的one不能用不能用a代替。代替。10. one hundred and twenty-first第33頁/共51頁第三十四頁，共51頁。Practise1. There are _ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hu

44、ndreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2._people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of3.There are two_ people in the meeting room.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of4._ trees have been planted in

45、our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of5. My brother is in_.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one6. We are going to learn_ this term. A. book six B. six book C. the book six D

46、. Book Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this_. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveCDAABDC第34頁/共51頁第三

47、十五頁，共51頁。8. The year 1999 should be read The year_. A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine9. He will come here _ tomorrow morning.A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. till tenth 10. Every day he begins to do

48、his homework _.A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_ boy.A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 12. There are_ months in a year. December is the _ month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth

49、; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During_ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty14. Jenny was born_.A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 10 BBABBBA第35頁/共51頁第三十六頁，共51頁。八、形容詞和副詞(fc)形容詞是用來形

50、容詞是用來(yn li)描寫或修飾名詞（或代詞）描寫或修飾名詞（或代詞）的詞。的詞。副詞是用來修飾副詞是用來修飾(xish)動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及動詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句的詞。全句的詞。1. He is a good student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is something wrong with the bike.4. Lucy is older than Helen.1. The problem is very difficult.2. He wrote the letters carefully. 方式副詞：方式副

51、詞：carefully, quickly, suddenly 2. 地點副詞：地點副詞：here, there, up, down3. 時間副詞：時間副詞：yesterday, today, now4. 程度副詞：程度副詞：very, quite, much, just第36頁/共51頁第三十七頁，共51頁。形容詞和副詞(fc)的比較級和最高級情況情況比較級比較級最高級最高級一般情況一般情況+er, 如：如：taller, longer, faster, sooner+est, 如：如：tallest, longest, fastest, soonest以以e結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞+r, 如：如：l

52、ater, nicer, larger+st, 如：如：latest, nicest, largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞尾的詞雙寫最后一個字母，再雙寫最后一個字母，再+er, 如如: bigger, fatter雙寫最后一個字母，再雙寫最后一個字母，再+est，如：如：biggest, fattest以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞把把y改為改為i再再+er, 如：如：busier, earlier把把y改為改為i再再+est, 如：如：busiest, earliest大部分多音節(jié)詞大部分多音節(jié)詞在前面加在前面加more, 如：如：more careful, mor

53、e wonderfully在前面加在前面加most, 如：如：most careful, most wonderfully不規(guī)則的詞：不規(guī)則的詞：good/well, many/much,farbettermorefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further第37頁/共51頁第三十八頁，共51頁。比較級的用法(ynf)1. 用來把彼此獨立的事和人進(jìn)行比較，表示用來把彼此獨立的事和人進(jìn)行比較，表示“比比更更一些一些”的意思，通常的意思，通常用一個由從屬用一個由從屬(cngsh)連詞連詞than引導(dǎo)的狀語從句來表示和什么相比。為了避引導(dǎo)的狀語從句來表示和什么相比。

54、為了避免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分可以省略。如：免重復(fù)，從句中有些成分可以省略。如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He got more information than I did.He runs faster than I.2. 如果我們要說兩個東西在某一方面是一樣如果我們要說兩個東西在某一方面是一樣(yyng)的，我們就的，我們就可以用可以用 “as+形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞+as”, 形容詞不用比較級而用原級。在形容詞不用比較級而用原級。在作否定比較時，可以用作否定比較時，可以用not asas, not soas, 也可以用也可以用lessthan，如：，如：Jimmy

55、 is as tall as his father.I dont write as/so well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that one.第38頁/共51頁第三十九頁，共51頁。比較級的用法(ynf)3. 為了表示持續(xù)不斷為了表示持續(xù)不斷(bdun)的變化，我們可以用的變化，我們可以用“雙重比較雙重比較”的方法，這種結(jié)構(gòu)后面不可跟的方法，這種結(jié)構(gòu)后面不可跟than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。如：引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句。如：He is crying harder and harder.Our country gets more and mo

56、re beautiful.Computers are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster.4. 表示兩個變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級形式表示兩個變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級形式(xngsh)和和the一起一起用，表示用，表示“越越，就越，就越”的意思。如：的意思。如：The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier you start, the sooner you will be back. 第39頁/共51頁第四十頁，共51頁

57、。Practise1. Shanghai is _than Beijing. It is _ city in our country. (large) 2. Bill isnt as _ as Mike. Tom is _ than Mike. Who is _ of the three boys? (old) 3. Mary draws as _ as Bill, and she is much _ than him at singing. (well, good) 4. Spring is coming. The weather is getting _ and _.(warm) 5. T

58、om, Jon and I bought a computer each last week. Johns computer is much _ than Toms and mine. It is _ of the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little _ today than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brown is much _ than she was two years ago. (healthy) 8. Which do you like _, basketball, volleyball, or football? (we

59、ll) largerthe largestoldolderthe oldestwellbetterwarmerwarmermore expensivethe most expensivewetterhealthierbest第40頁/共51頁第四十一頁，共51頁。1.Beijingers are true _ to the world. (friend)2. Look! How _ Kitty is laughing! (happy)3. I think July is _ than any other month in our country. (hot)4. She always list

60、ens to the teacher _ in class. (care)5. The park is one of the _ parks in Beijing. (beautiful)6. She speaks English, but not as _ as his brother. (good)7. I was _ by the _ sound. (frightened, frightening)8. The music sounds _. (beautiful, beautifully)9. Dont make so much noise, or you will wake up t