英語專業(yè)四級(jí)詞匯語法輔導(dǎo)從句

1、LOGOLOGO英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試詞匯語法篇Company Logo語法與詞匯 1. 考試大綱要求： 能靈活、正確地運(yùn)用教學(xué)大綱語法結(jié)構(gòu)表一級(jí)至四級(jí)的全部?jī)?nèi)容，掌握大綱規(guī)定的基礎(chǔ)階段認(rèn)知詞匯（5500-6000），并且能正確、熟練地運(yùn)用其中3000-4000個(gè)單詞及其最基本的搭配。 測(cè)試時(shí)間為15分鐘，題型為多項(xiàng)選擇題，共30道題，每題有四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)，其中50%為詞匯、詞組和短語用法題，其余為語法結(jié)構(gòu)題。測(cè)試學(xué)生運(yùn)用詞匯、短語、語法結(jié)構(gòu)以及基本語法概念的能力。語法與詞匯項(xiàng)目原始分30分，所占總分比重為15%。Company Logo語法與詞匯 2. 歷年考試與考點(diǎn)分析 語法部分 根據(jù)下面分析可以發(fā)

2、現(xiàn)，歷年英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試語法與詞匯部分中的語法試題主要圍繞著10項(xiàng)語法點(diǎn)。其中，考試重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)集中在從屬分句、虛擬語氣、非謂語動(dòng)詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)的應(yīng)用上。題型年份從屬分句虛擬語氣非謂語動(dòng)詞代詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞形容詞/副詞句子成分結(jié)構(gòu)主謂一致反意疑問句限定詞倒裝省略Company Logo語法與詞匯 2. 歷年考試與考點(diǎn)分析 詞匯部分 根據(jù)下面分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，歷年英語專業(yè)四級(jí)考試語法與詞匯部分中的詞匯試題主要圍繞著7項(xiàng)詞匯考點(diǎn)。其中，考試重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)集中在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、固定搭配、動(dòng)詞詞組等詞匯知識(shí)點(diǎn)的應(yīng)用上。年份年份動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞名詞名詞形容詞形容詞副詞副詞固定搭配固定

3、搭配動(dòng)詞詞組動(dòng)詞詞組 介詞介詞2003134022020046331010200534213202006833010020072532210200832215112009344022020102452200201124522002012226122020133431231201443402202022-5-Company LCompany Logo從句要點(diǎn)從句要點(diǎn) 從句可分為：從句可分為： 副詞性從句：狀語從句包括時(shí)間狀語從句、副詞性從句：狀語從句包括時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從條件狀語從句、地點(diǎn)狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、方式狀句、目的狀語從句

4、、結(jié)果狀語從句、方式狀語從句、語從句、讓步狀語讓步狀語從句和從句和比較狀語從句比較狀語從句。 形容詞性從句：形容詞性從句：定語從句定語從句 名詞性從句：主語從句、名詞性從句：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句句、同位語從句LOGOLOGO時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句Company Logo時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句-常用的連詞常用的連詞 表示表示“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候的時(shí)候”：when，while, as, just as, next time (下次下次)，the last time (上次上次的時(shí)候的時(shí)候) 表示時(shí)間先后：表示時(shí)間先后：after, before, when 用于完成

5、時(shí)態(tài)：用于完成時(shí)態(tài)：by the time, it is the first/second time, hardlywhen，no soonerthan，scarcelywhen, now that, since, ever Company Logo時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句-常用的連詞常用的連詞 表示習(xí)慣性，經(jīng)常性“每次”：each time, every time, whenever 表示“一旦”：as soon as, once 表示“直到”：the instant, the moment, the minute, the second, the day, until, Company L

6、ogo時(shí)間狀語從句-注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)Company Logo Company Logo注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)Company Logo注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 2.特殊時(shí)間狀語從句特殊時(shí)間狀語從句 The police went into action _ they heard the alarm. A. promptly B. presently C. quickly D. directly I will telephone you directly/ immediately/ instantly/the moment I hear the Company Logo注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng) 3. It + be +

7、 時(shí)間時(shí)間 + before-clause 這個(gè)句型中的時(shí)間一般為表示一段時(shí)間的詞語這個(gè)句型中的時(shí)間一般為表示一段時(shí)間的詞語(如：如：long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式，意為用肯定式，意為過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才.。 主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定式時(shí)，意為主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定式時(shí)，意為沒過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒過多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就就.。主句的時(shí)態(tài)可用過去時(shí)。主句的時(shí)態(tài)可用過去時(shí)was或?qū)頃r(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)will be；用；用was 時(shí)，時(shí)，before從句的動(dòng)詞用一般從句的動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)；用過去時(shí)；用wil

8、l be 時(shí)，時(shí)，before從句常用一般現(xiàn)在從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。時(shí)。 例如：例如： It was long/one year before she came home. It will not be long before we meet again. It was a long time _ the guards discovered what had happened. A before B until C since D when Company Logo真題真題 60. The couple had no sooner got to the station _ the coach l

9、eft. (2009) A. when B. as C. until D. than 56. I enjoyed myself so much _ I visited my friends in Paris last year. (2008)A. when B. which C. that D. where D ACompany Logo真題真題 1. Come and see me whenever _. (1997-48) A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient C. it is convenient to you D. it wil

10、l be convenient to youcLOGOLOGO目的狀語從句目的狀語從句 目的狀語從句主要由目的狀語從句主要由in order that, so that, for fear that, in case, lest 引引導(dǎo)，也可以由導(dǎo)，也可以由in order （not）to ,so as (not) to 等和動(dòng)詞不定式短語共同充當(dāng)。等和動(dòng)詞不定式短語共同充當(dāng)。that, so that(以便以便), in order that（目的是為了（目的是為了.）, in case, for fear that（生怕）（生怕）引導(dǎo)的目的狀引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的位于部分需含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語從句

11、中的位于部分需含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may(might), can(could), shall(should), will(would)等等。 eg; The teacher spoke slowly so that we could understand better. eg; He works hard in order that he can serve his country well.in case , for fear that, lest(以防以防)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，動(dòng)詞可以用虛擬語氣，形式，動(dòng)詞可以用虛擬語氣，形式為為should +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形，也可，也可以不用，用

12、動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)以不用，用動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。或一般過去時(shí)。 for fear that 含義為：含義為：生怕某種不好的事會(huì)發(fā)生，后面常生怕某種不好的事會(huì)發(fā)生，后面常用虛擬語氣用虛擬語氣，但若表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或可能發(fā)生，但若表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或可能發(fā)生的事，也可不用虛擬語氣。的事，也可不用虛擬語氣。 eg; He is working hard for fear (that) he should fail. in case 以防以防 eg; He will come to the office in case he is wanted. eg; I shall stay in the hote

13、l all day in case there is news of Harry.lest 意為：以防備，為了不，表示否定目的，后意為：以防備，為了不，表示否定目的，后常用常用“（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形” eg: She came into the room quietly lest she (should) wake up her baby.說明說明 由由 in order that 和和 in case 引導(dǎo)的目的引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可以置于句首或句中。由狀語從句可以置于句首或句中。由 so that 引導(dǎo)的一般只能置于句中。引導(dǎo)的一般只能置于句中。 “ for +動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞”

14、不用于表目的，但不用于表目的，但“for +名詞名詞”可用于表目的?？捎糜诒砟康?。 真題真題 I always write so carefully _my meaning clear. A. that I may make B. that I make C. that I must make D. that I should make A2022-5-Company Logo26LOGOLOGO地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞:where, wherever, (常用）常用）anywhere, everywhereWhere - 在在地方地方Put the

15、 medicine where you can easily get it.Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.Where there is a will, there is a way.Wherever - 無論哪里無論哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句 1 When you read the book, y

16、oud better make a mark _ you have any questions. 比較比較 When you read the book, youd better make a mark in the place _ you have any questions.wherewhere地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句2 You should make it a rule to leave things where you can find them again. 把把2改為定語從句改為定語從句 You should make it a rule to leave things in th

17、e place where you can find them again.LOGOLOGO條件狀語從句條件狀語從句Company Logo條件狀語從句 常用常用if，unless（除非，如果不），（除非，如果不），as/so long as只要，只要， only if, once, on condition that (條件是條件是), provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that) (多用于多用于問句問句)，assuming (that), in the event (that), in case (that), given (tha

18、t)等。等。Company Logo條件狀語從句注意事項(xiàng) 如果主句是將來時(shí)如果主句是將來時(shí),條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。例如例如: As long as I live, I shall work hard. I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework. In the event that our team wins, there will be a big Company LogoOnly if vs. if only only if 引起的條件狀語從句，是一個(gè)對(duì)引起的條件狀語從句，是一個(gè)對(duì)“

19、條件條件”限制更嚴(yán)的限制更嚴(yán)的“限制性條件狀語從句限制性條件狀語從句”，表示，表示“只有只有(才才) ；只有在；只有在的時(shí)候；唯一的的時(shí)候；唯一的條件是條件是”的意思；的意思；與與if引起的一般條件句相引起的一般條件句相比，它有一種增強(qiáng)主句語勢(shì)的作用比，它有一種增強(qiáng)主句語勢(shì)的作用。例如：。例如： Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情況只有患者情況緊急時(shí)，你才可以在半夜叫醫(yī)生看病。緊急時(shí)，你才可以在半夜叫醫(yī)生看病。 2. if only引導(dǎo)的條件句，通

20、常用來表示說話人對(duì)引導(dǎo)的條件句，通常用來表示說話人對(duì)某事所寄予的某種強(qiáng)烈愿望，相當(dāng)于某事所寄予的某種強(qiáng)烈愿望，相當(dāng)于as long as。它可以獨(dú)立使用，它可以獨(dú)立使用，用來表示由于客觀條件限制，用來表示由于客觀條件限制，為某事不大可能或完全不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)而感到惋惜為某事不大可能或完全不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)而感到惋惜或遺憾的復(fù)雜心情，常用虛擬語氣或遺憾的復(fù)雜心情，常用虛擬語氣。例如：。例如： If only I were as clever as you！要是我像你一樣！要是我像你一樣聰明該多好啊！聰明該多好?。?Company Logo注意注意 Only if置于句首，需要倒裝置于句首，需要倒裝 If on

21、ly用于虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過用于虛擬語氣，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，用過去完去時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，用過去完成時(shí)，表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常譯為成時(shí)，表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，常譯為“要是要是就好了就好了”Company Logo真題真題 1. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, _that he paid me back the following week. (2005-64) A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only

22、 if 2._ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region. A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would CA Company Logo真題真題 3. You wont get a loan _ you can offer some security. (1996-41) A. lest B. in case C. unless D other than CLOGOLOGO原因狀語從句原因

23、狀語從句Company Logo原因狀語從句 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because, as, since, now (that), seeing (that), for the reason that, in that, considering that。 Company Logo原因狀語從句 Because, since, as和和for because語氣最強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。回答語氣最強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因?；卮稹皐hy”問句。表原因的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，也只問句。表原因的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，也只用用because。在。在“notbut”結(jié)構(gòu)中，結(jié)構(gòu)中，也用它。也用它。 e.g.

24、He decided to give up the chance of going abroad, not because he did not want to but because his wife was ill. since語氣弱于語氣弱于because, 其次是其次是as，for的語氣最弱。的語氣最弱。Since和和as往往表達(dá)的是人們往往表達(dá)的是人們所知的或顯而易見的原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句。所知的或顯而易見的原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句。For表示一種解釋說明。表示一種解釋說明。Company LogoSince 和和now (that) since 既然：用來表達(dá)眾所周知的理由既然：用來表達(dá)眾所周知的

25、理由 Since weve no money , we cant buy it. Since you are going , I will go too. now (that ) 既然既然, 表示新出現(xiàn)的情況表示新出現(xiàn)的情況 Now (that) we have gone so far , we might go a little further. Now (that) you are well again , you can travel .你已康復(fù)，可以遠(yuǎn)行了。Company Logo原因狀語從句 -真題真題 Barry had an advantage over his mother _

26、 he could speak French. (2001-49) A. ever since B. in that C. at that D. so that 54. Men differ from animals _ they can think and speak. (2008) A. for which B. for that C. in that D. in which BCLOGOLOGO讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句Company Logo讓步狀語從句 常用常用though/although，as （盡管），（盡管），much as(不管，盡管不管，盡管)，in spite of th

27、e fact that, while, even if/though，for all (盡管盡管)，however，whatever，wherever，whoever，no matter how/what/who等引導(dǎo)。等引導(dǎo)。Company Logo讓步狀語從句 -though, although Although與與though兩者意思相同，一般可互換，兩者意思相同，一般可互換，可以可以與與yet, still或或nevertheless連用，但不能和連用，但不能和but連用連用。 Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 傷傷口雖

28、愈合，但傷疤留下了?？陔m愈合，但傷疤留下了。 （諺語）（諺語） 1）though還可以用作副詞，意為還可以用作副詞，意為“可是，然而可是，然而”，置于句末。置于句末。 He said he would come; he didnt, though. 2）though引導(dǎo)的從句也可象引導(dǎo)的從句也可象as引導(dǎo)的從句一樣用倒裝引導(dǎo)的從句一樣用倒裝語序，但是語序，但是although引導(dǎo)的從句只能用正常語序。引導(dǎo)的從句只能用正常語序。 Company Logo讓步狀語從句-even if, even though Even though he knows it, hell not let out th

29、e secret.（他知道這個(gè)秘密）（他知道這個(gè)秘密）. Even if he knows it, hell not let out the secret.（不確定他是否知道這個(gè)秘密）（不確定他是否知道這個(gè)秘密）. though 常表示一些已經(jīng)確定的消息常表示一些已經(jīng)確定的消息，而，而if由它本由它本身所帶的身所帶的“如果如果”的含義，表示了一種對(duì)假設(shè)信息的含義，表示了一種對(duì)假設(shè)信息的不確定。的不確定。 Even though 是是“雖說雖說”，而，而Even if 是是“就算就算”。前者是事實(shí)而后者是假設(shè)。前者是事實(shí)而后者是假設(shè)。 Company Logo讓步狀語從句-as, though

30、as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes

31、 little progress.) 50 注意：注意： a.句首名詞句首名詞不能不能帶任何冠詞。帶任何冠詞。b.句首是句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語和狀語，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語之前。詞一起放在主語之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。意。

32、 Company Logo讓步狀語從句 -Whether.or.（不管.還是.） Whether you believe it or not, it is Company Logo讓步狀語從句- no matter +疑問詞疑問詞 或或疑問詞疑問詞+后綴后綴ever No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替換：替換：no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matt

33、er where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = however注意：注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。（錯(cuò)）（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.（錯(cuò)）（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given, （對(duì)）（對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre C

34、ompany Logohowever however為連接副詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，為連接副詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其意義和作用相當(dāng)于其意義和作用相當(dāng)于no matter how。 可用于如下結(jié)構(gòu)：可用于如下結(jié)構(gòu)： however + 形容詞形容詞/副副詞詞 + 主語主語 + 謂語謂語 However late he is, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. Well have to finish the jog, however long it Company Logo真題真題 1. _, Mr. Wells is scarcel

35、y in sympathy with the working class. (2005-52) A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialist C. Being a socialist D. Since he is a socialist 2. _I like economics, I like sociology much better. (2003-49) A. As much as B. So much C. How much D. Much asA DCompany Logo真題真題 3. Fool _ Jane i

36、s, she could not have done such a thing. (2002-48) A. who B. as C. that D. like 4. _he always tries his best to complete it on time. (1999-51) A. However the task is hard B. However hard the task is C. Though hard the task is D. Though hard is the taskB BCompany Logo真題真題 5. Much as _, I couldnt lend

37、 him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash. (1999-52) A. I would have liked to B. I would like to have C. I should have to like D. I should have liked to 6. _he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (1998-48) A. Much as B. Much though C. As much

38、D. Though muchA ACompany Logo真題真題 7. _, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (1997-46) A. Instead of his contributions B. His making notable contributions C. For all his notable contributions D. However his notable contributions cBCompany Logo 8. _ he wanted to go out with his f

39、riends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment. (2008) A. Much though B. Much as C. As much D. Though much BLOGOLOGO比較狀語從句比較狀語從句Company Logo比較狀語從句 常用常用as, than, the morethe more, Just as, so; A is to B what C is to D; as A is to B, (so) C is to D; no more than; not so much A a

40、s B(與其說與其說A不如說不如說B)等。等。 It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing. As a man lives, so he dies. Her mother is not as tall as she (is)Company Logo比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略 More than后面可以引導(dǎo)省略主語的比較從句后面可以引導(dǎo)省略主語的比較從句, 從句從句中常見的詞有：中常見的詞有：necessary, good, Possible, anticipate, expect, feel, suggest, report, requ

41、ire, think. - The man drank a little more than was good for him. = The man drank a little more than what was good for him. - There were more accidents than (what) was reported. - He eats more than (what/it) is good for him.62 As后面可以引導(dǎo)省略主語的比較從句后面可以引導(dǎo)省略主語的比較從句 - He eats as much as (what/it) is good fo

42、r him. - The man drank as much as (what) was good for Company Logo比較狀語從句 1. The experiment requires more money than_. (2002-49) A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put in 2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _ in the public m

43、ind today.(1999) A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to existC ACompany Logo 3. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _Eastern Nebraska. (1996) A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in需要倒裝嗎需要倒裝嗎? 4. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as _. (2008) A. it could be B. c

44、ould be C. it was D. was. C BCompany Logo 1. _ the two, Bob is _ student. (1995)? A. Of, more diligent B. In, more diligent C. Of, the more diligent D. In, the more diligent 2. Mary is _ than Alice.(1992)? A. more experienced a teacher B. a more experienced teacher C. more an experienced teacher D.

45、more experienced teacherCB 3. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, _ to the truck.(2003)? A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stress C. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress ACompany Logo 1. Twelve is to three _ four is to one. A. what B.

46、as C. that D. like 2. Intellect is to the mind _ sight is to the body. (2001-45) A. what B. as C. that D. like A ACompany Logo Fat cannot change into muscle _ muscle changes into fat. A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than ACompany Logo 1. That trumpet player was certainl

47、y loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent. A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than 2. It is not _ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. A. that B. as C. so D. very AC 3. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cl

48、eaner _ to the professor. (1998-47) A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long as cLOGOLOGO結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句Company Logo結(jié)果狀語從句 常用常用sothat, suchthat, to the extent that, to the degree that, to such a degree that, so much so that, 等。等。Company Logo結(jié)果狀語從句 e.g. They are such diligent students that t

49、hey all performed well in the nationwide examinations. e.g. He was excited to such a degree that he couldnt sleep last Company Logo結(jié)果狀語從句 1. so much so that用于形容詞或副詞后，表用于形容詞或副詞后，表示示“到如此程度以至于到如此程度以至于”e.g. He was very weak, so much so that he couldnt walk.2. 當(dāng)名詞前有當(dāng)名詞前有l(wèi)ittle, few, much, many修飾修飾時(shí)，要用時(shí)，要

50、用so，不用，不用such.e.g. He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.3. sothat結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以放于句首，要用倒裝。結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以放于句首，要用倒裝。e.g. So bright is the little boy that he has learned 100 poems up to Company Logo結(jié)果狀語從句 so that 和和such that so + 形容詞或副詞形容詞或副詞+ that ； such + 名詞名詞+ that 。He ran so fast that his brother couldn

51、t catch up with him . 他跑得太快了，他弟弟趕不上他。他跑得太快了，他弟弟趕不上他。 He is such a naughty boy that he becomes unwelcome in his neighborhood .他是那么個(gè)調(diào)皮的孩子，以至在鄰里中不受歡他是那么個(gè)調(diào)皮的孩子，以至在鄰里中不受歡迎。迎。Company Logo Does Alan like hamburgers？ Yes. So much _that he eats them almost every day. （2003） A. for B. as C. to D. so His remar

52、ks were _ annoy everybody at the meeting. (2005) A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to DDLOGOLOGO方式狀語從句方式狀語從句Company Logo方式狀語從句 方式狀語從句放在主句之后方式狀語從句放在主句之后, as, just as, (just) asso, as if/though, the way等引導(dǎo)。等引導(dǎo)。as if和和as though引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的從句一般用虛擬語氣。從句一般用虛擬語氣。但如果從句中所陳但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)述的情況很可能實(shí)

53、現(xiàn),也可用陳述語氣。例也可用陳述語氣。例如如: The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man. The teacher told the students to do as he did. Leave it as it Company Logothe way the way后面的引導(dǎo)詞常用后面的引導(dǎo)詞常用that,而且經(jīng)常省而且經(jīng)常省略。一般不用略。一般不用in which。例如。例如: We didnt like the way_ he treated us. (A. which B. where C. that D. in whi

54、ch) 此題答案應(yīng)該是此題答案應(yīng)該是C。所以。所以the way一般可以一般可以看作是引導(dǎo)一個(gè)方式狀語從句的詞組。看作是引導(dǎo)一個(gè)方式狀語從句的詞組。 Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. (以以的方式的方式) Company Logo真題真題 She did her work _ her manager had instructed. (2002-41) A. as B. until C. when D. thoughLOGOLOGO定語從句定語從句Company Logo關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞 起連詞

55、作用，本身又作從句中的主語、賓語、表語或定語 即起連接作用，本身又在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語who,whom(的人）whose(某人的）which(東西，指物)that(的人或物，指物或人）as(象那樣的，和相同，正如)when(的時(shí)候，修飾的時(shí)間名詞)where(的地方修飾場(chǎng)所、方位等名詞)why(原因；理由)Company Logo 關(guān)聯(lián)詞在定語從句中有三個(gè)作用： a.引導(dǎo)定語從句 b.在從句中代替先行詞 c.在從句中擔(dān)任某一句子成份一、先行詞是指物的名詞或代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that, which。 （一） that 與 which 指物時(shí)一般情況可以互換，但在下列情況下通常用that

56、, 不用which。 1.當(dāng)先行詞（定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞）是everything, anything, nothing, all, much, few, little, none, the one, no one, some 等不定代詞時(shí)。 e.g. All that can be done has been done. Is there anything that you want? 2. 當(dāng)先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, every, very, much, one of, the only, the very, the right, some 修飾時(shí)，

57、常用that。e.g. The only thing that he remembered was her name. There is no difficulty that we cant overcome.3. 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，用that。 e.g. This is the first letter that Ive written in English. She is the most careful student that Ive ever known.4. 兩個(gè)并列的先行詞，既有指人的，也有指物的，用that。 e.g. They talked about

58、the teachers and the things that they remembered in the school. 5. 當(dāng)被修飾的成份在主句中主句中是系動(dòng)詞be后的表語或關(guān)系詞本身在定語從句定語從句中做表語，用that。 （be的分類: a. am, is, are. b. 表變化的get. c. 感觀動(dòng)詞look, smell. d. 表保持的stay.) e.g. China isnt the country that she used to be fifty years ago. Its a book that will help you a great deal.6. 當(dāng)

59、主句是由who, which, what開頭的特殊疑問句（不管指人指物）用that。 e.g. Who is the man that is waiting at the bus stop? What did you hear that made you so angry? Which is the task, that overtook as yesterday?7. 主句是由“There be + 主語（表物）”開頭時(shí)，定語從句用that。 e.g. There is a seat that is still free. There are two tickets that are for

60、 you.8. 當(dāng)先行詞是基數(shù)詞時(shí)常用that。 e.g. caught two fish yesterday, now, you can see the two that are still alive.真題 He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _he was twenty years ago. A. which B. that C. who D. whomB真題 3. I have never been to London, but that is the city _. A. where I li