代詞復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

1、中考復(fù)習(xí)之代詞學(xué)案稿中考考點1人稱代詞和物主代詞的不同形式及其用法。 2反身代詞和指示代詞的人稱和數(shù)的變化。3不定代詞和疑問代詞的基本用法?？记榉治鰪慕迥昕疾榍闆r來看，代詞是每年的必考點，每年均考查其中的一個考點，其中不定代詞是重點也是難點，2016年備考應(yīng)掌握好代詞的各個考點。廣東歷年中考真題( )1. Lucy has two aunts. _ of them are nurses. A. Each B. Both C. All D. None( )2. I have two brothers. One is a teacher, _ is a driver. A. another B.

2、 other C. the other D. others( )3. Is there _ in todays newspaper? -Nothing. A. new something B. new anything C. anything new D. something new( )4. Is there _I can do for you? A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( )5. You should do your homework by _, children. A. you B. yourself C. yo

3、urselves D. yours( )6. There is _ with my computer. It doesnt work. A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong C. wrong something D. something wrong ( )7. -Can I use your bike for a while? -Yes, you may use _ bike. Toms bike is here and I can use _. A. my; mine B. mine; his C. my; his D. her; hers( )8. -Is

4、this your dictionary? -No, _ is in my bag. A. hers B. mine C. yours D. myself( )9. Dont worry. Hes got much food. You can share some of_. A. mine B. yours C. his D.hers( )10. -Which do you prefer, bananas or oranges? -_. I enjoy eating apples. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All( )11. -Is that _ dog

5、? -No. _ is white. A. his; His B. her; Its C. he; His D. her; Her( )12. My father is ill in bed. I have to look after _ at home. A. he B. his C. him D. himself( )13. -Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan? -_ of them. Lin Shuhao is my favorite. A. All B. None C. Either D. N

6、either ( )14. - We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one? - No. Can you show me _? A. another B. each other C. the other D. others( )15 - Hello, Linda is speaking. Whos_? - Hello, this is Martin. A. he B. one C. that D. this( )16. Boys, dont lose _ in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for

7、 your eyes to play computer games for a long time. A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D. yourselves( )17.Look at this model ship. I made it all by _ last week. - Wow, you are so smart! A. me B. my C. mine D. myself考點一 人稱代詞分類：人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)、格的變化。詳見下表：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)中文我我們你你們他她它他（她/它）們主格I_youyouh

8、esheit賓格meus_you_itthem用法一般情況下，主格在句子中作句子的主語，賓格在句子中作動詞或介詞的賓語。 特別提醒！代詞的位置順序：單數(shù)是二、三、一，即 you, he and I；復(fù)數(shù)是一、二、三， 即we, you and they?？键c二 物主代詞 分類: 物主代詞是用來表示所有關(guān)系的。物主代詞又分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。詳見下表：人稱數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞 第一人稱單數(shù)my_復(fù)數(shù)ourours第二人稱單數(shù)your_復(fù)數(shù)youryours第三人稱單數(shù)hishisher_itsits復(fù)數(shù)their_ 物主代詞的用法 形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨使用，用于名詞

9、前作定語，相當(dāng)于形容詞的作用；名詞性物主代詞單獨使用，相當(dāng)于名詞的作用。名詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞名詞。 如：這是他的電腦。 This is his computer. This computer is his.鞏固練習(xí)（一）( )1. Miss Wang is _English teacher. _ has two children. A.our; She B. us; Her C. our; her D. us; she( )2. -Who is the boy over there? -_ is my brother. A. He B. His C. Him D. She( )3.

10、Last Sunday everybody went to the cinema except _. A. me and Tom B. Tom and me C. Tom and I D. I and Tom( )4. _ have been chosen. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You,and me( )5. Whose watch is it? -Its _. I saw her wearing it this morning. A. his B. hers C. mine D. yours ( )6.

11、_classroom is clean, but _ is dirty. A. We; he B. Ours; his C. Our; his D.we; him考點三 反身代詞1 含義：反身代詞表示“某人自己”。詳見下表：人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱_ourselves 第二人稱yourself_第三人稱Herself / himself / itself_2. 構(gòu)成規(guī)律：第一、二人稱用形容詞性物主代詞 +self / selves; 第三人稱用人稱代詞賓格+ self/ selves。3. 反身代詞的用法（1）反身代詞在句子中用作賓語，和句子中的主語相呼應(yīng)，表示主語和賓語是指同一人或物。 如：這個

12、女孩太小，不能照顧自己。The girl is too young to look after _.（2）反身代詞用來加強語氣，表示強調(diào) “本人，親自”，在句中的位置比較靈活。 如：我自己能做好這項工作。 I _ can do this work well. = I can do this work _ _. 4. 常見含反身代詞的短語及詞組： 玩得愉快 _ 請自便！_ 請隨便吃/ 喝 ._ 獨自地；單獨的 _ 照顧自己_ 自言自語；心里想_ 自學(xué)_ 蘇醒_ 傷害自己_ 自己穿衣_考點四 指示代詞指示代詞是表示指示概念的代詞，可以在句子中作主語、表語、賓語和定語。指示代詞有：單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)this

13、（這個）_（這些）指近處that （那個）_（那些）指遠處 指示代詞的用法1. this/that可用于電話用語中，this代表自己，that則代表對方。 如： Hello! This is Jane.喂！我是簡。 Is that Mike？你是邁克嗎？ Who is that？你是誰？2it,，one， that的用法區(qū)別為了避免重復(fù)，可以用it,，one，that代替上文出現(xiàn)的名詞。注意以下幾點：（1）it用來指上文提及的事物或情況。 如：她喜歡這個故事，因為很有趣。 She enjoyed the story because it is very interesting.這食物很可口，我

14、很喜歡。 The food is delicious. I like it very much.（2）one用以指代上下文提及的同類事物中的一個，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 ones。 如：你的自行車很漂亮。我也想買一輛。Your bike is very nice. I also want to buy one. （3） that 常用于比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，代替前面提到的不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞，如指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù) 數(shù)要用those， 為了避免重復(fù)。 如：北京的天氣比廣州冷得多。The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangzhou. 左邊的樹比右邊的書

15、多一些。The trees on the left is more than those on the right. 知識拓展- it 的用法1. 代替前面提到過的事物。 如：這是一塊手表，它是新的。This is a watch. _is new.2. 指時間、天氣、距離等。如：今天天氣怎樣？- Hows the weather today？ 天氣晴朗。- _sunny. 現(xiàn)在是晚上8點鐘。 _ eight oclock in the evening.3. 代替動詞不定式作句中的形式主語或形式賓語，也可用于某些固定句式中。如：對我而言，按時完成作業(yè)有困難。_hard for me to fi

16、nish the homework on time. 我們認為晚飯后散步很有益。We think_ helpful to go for a walk after supper. 他花了三天時間讀完了那本書。_ _ him three days _ finish reading the book.專項練習(xí)二( )1. -Who is _speaking? -_is John speaking. A. you; I B. that; This C. that; That D. this; This ( )2. -Have you found your lost mobile phone? - No

17、, I havent found _, but I bought _ this morning. A. one; it B. it; one C. that; one D. one; that( )3. The population of China is larger than _ of Japan. A. it B. this C. that D. /( )4._ is not easy for him to finish the work. A. This B. That C. It D. They( )5. The boy found _hard to get along with t

18、he other classmates. A.this B.that C.it D. /( )6. Help _ to some fish, Jim and Tom. A.yourself B. himself C.myself D. yourselves( )7. No one helped Jane. She did it all by _. A.itself B.myself C. himself D. Herself( )8. -Dont worry, Mom. I can take care of _. A.me B.my C.I D.myself考點五 不定代詞1定義：不指明代替任

19、何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞。多數(shù)可以作主語、賓語、表語或定語。常見的不定代詞有：some, any, no, none, one, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, a lot of, lots of以及some, any, no, every與thing, body或one構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞。2常用的意義相近的不定代詞之間的辨析（一）few, a few, little 與 a little用法肯定意義否定意

20、義修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a few（幾個，一些）few （幾乎沒有）修飾不可數(shù)名詞a little（一點）little （很少，不多）如：他有一些朋友，但是他幾乎沒有好朋友。 He has _ friends，but he has _ good friends. 家里還有點肉，但是幾乎沒面包了。 Theres still _ meat at home, but theres _ bread. （二）some與any 二者均表示“一些”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 some一般用 于肯定句，any一般用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句。 在疑問句中，表示說話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請求、

21、建議時用some。 如：來點兒茶嗎？ Would you like _? 請你幫我弄點兒水好嗎？ Will you please get _ for me?專項練習(xí)三( )1. Jack has _ close friends. But he hasnt written _letters to them for half a year. A. some; some B. any; any C. any; some D. some; any( )2. The flowers are very beautiful. Would you like to buy _? A. any B. some C

22、. few D. a little( )3. Hurry up, please. There is only _ time left. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few( ) 4. She has _ friends here. She feels very lonely. A. a few B. few C. a little D. Little( )5. If he has _ difficulties in math, I will give him a hand. A. any B. some C. no D. nothing （三）both,

23、 all, neither, either, any與none使用范圍都都不之一兩者bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany如：我父母都是老師。 My parents are _ teachers. 馬路兩邊都有樹。 There are some trees on _ side of the road.兩件大衣我都不喜歡。 I like _ of these two coats. 我們班沒有一個人喜歡踢足球。_ of us likes playing football in our class. （四）many, much與a lot of 三者都表示“許多”。其中

24、many 和much 常用于否定句和疑問句中；肯定句中常用a lot of, lots of。many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；much修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a lot of（lots of）既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。（五）each與every 兩者都表示“每個，各個”，each強調(diào)每個人或事物的個別情況，即強調(diào)個體；every 有“全體”的意思，即強調(diào)整體。 如：他們每人有一本詞典。_ of them has a dictionary. 對我們來說每分鐘都很重要。 _ minute is important to us.（六）another，(the)other與(the)others

25、（1）other 泛指“另外的”，作形容詞時，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。any other后常接單數(shù)名詞，表示 “其他任何一個”。（2）others 后不接名詞，泛指“別的人或物”， 相當(dāng)于 “other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)：some . others “一些，另一些”；（3） the other 表示“兩者中的另一個”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：onethe other“一個., 另一個.”。 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，表示“其余的”（特指）。（4）the others 后不接名詞，相當(dāng)于“the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，表示“其余所有的人或物”。（5）another 泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一個”，其后一般接單數(shù)可數(shù)名

26、詞。 如：你有別的想法嗎？Do you have any _ideas? 我有兩個兄弟。一個是醫(yī)生，另一個是教師。 I have two brothers. _ is a doctor，_ is a teacher. 他總是樂意幫助別人。 He is always ready to help _ 別灰心，再試一次。Dont lose heart.Have _ try.專項練習(xí)四( )1. He spent too _ time on computer games and made too _ mistakes in this exam. A. many, many B. much, much

27、C. many, much D. much, many( )2. He has two daughters. One is a doctor, _ is a teacher. A. the other B. others C. the others D. other( )3. There are tall buildings on _ sides of the road. A. either B. both C. neither D. all ( )4. -Did your parents go to see the film with you last night? -No, we _ st

28、ayed at home watching TV. A. all B. both C. none D. neither( )5. Do you often talk to _ like this? I hope you can change. A. other B. others C. the other D. another( )6. This coat is too big for me. Can you show me _one? A. the other B.other C. another D. others( )7. There are only 12 students in th

29、e classroom. Where are _? A. other B. the other C. the others D. others( )8. Jim is taller than any _ student in his class. A. other B. another C. others D. the other（六）復(fù)合不定代詞指代人的有：someone/somebody，anyone/anybody，nobody，everyone/everybody。指代事物的有：something，anything，nothing，everything。 請注意以下幾點： 1. 以so

30、me和any開頭的復(fù)合不定代詞的用法和some, any的用法一樣。 2. 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞要放在其后。 如：今天的報紙有什么重要新聞嗎？Is there _ in todays newspaper? 3. 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 如：沒有人知道他的名字。 Nobody _ his name. （七）none 和 no one / nobody none 表示三者或三者以上的人或物，意為“沒有一個”，表示全部否定；后接of 結(jié)構(gòu)，作主語時，謂語動詞即可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。強調(diào)數(shù)量，常用來回答 how many問句； no one / nobody表否定，意為“沒有一個人”

31、，常用來回答who問句，后不接of結(jié)構(gòu)。作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 如：教室里有多少學(xué)生？ 一個也沒有。- How many students in the classroom?-_. 沒有一個答案是正確的。 _ of the answers is / are right. -誰在教室里？-沒有人。 - Who is in the classroom? -_.考點六 疑問代詞 疑問代詞主要有who(誰), whom(誰), which(哪一個/哪一些)，what(什么)和whose(誰的)，用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句，放在句子開頭。 如：你想要知道什么？ _ do you want to know

32、? 這是誰的襯衫？_ shirt is this? 專項練習(xí)五( )1. Toms father said _ at the meeting. He just sat there silently. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing( )2. The light is on. There must be _ in the office. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody( )3. - Is there_ in todays newspaper? -Nothing. A.

33、anything interesting B. interesting anything C. something interesting D. interesting something ( )4. _ did she say just now? A. What B. Who C. Where D. Why( )5. I want to know_ are they waiting for. A. what B. whose C. which D. whom( )6. _ of them knows how to answer this question. A. Neither B. Bot

34、h C. All D. Many課后鞏固練習(xí)( )1. My English is so poor, please help _ to improve it. A.me B. I C.my D.mine ( )2. Mary and Gina are my cousins. _ father works in Dongfeng Company. A. Their B. They C. Them D. Theirs ( )3. -Sam, who teaches _ Chinese? - Mrs. White. She has lived in China for years. _Chinese

35、 is very good. A. you; Her B.your; Hers C.you; him D.your; She( )4. Dont worry. Were old enough to look after _. A. myself B. me C.ourselves D. us( )5. I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed _ at the dancing Party. A. myself B.himself C.herself D.themselves ( )6. The weather in summer in Beijing

36、 is cooler than _ in Shanghai. A. this B. that C. it D. one ( )7. -Who is singing in the next room? -_ must be Marie. A. It B. She C. This D. He ( )8. My mother used to prepare breakfast for _ every morning, but now I do it _. A. I ; herself B. I; myself C. me; myself D. me; herself( )9. My brother likes painting. Its one of _ hobbies. A. he B.him C. his D. her( )10. -Could I use your e-dictionary, Mary? -Sorry. but I havent got _. A. it B.one C. this D. that ( )11. Look! There are many beautiful flowers on _side of the road. A. each B.either C.b