高中英語人教版選修6知識點(diǎn)匯總

1、選修6Unit 1 Art核心單詞1. faithn. 信任；信念；信心常用結(jié)構(gòu)：break ones faith with sb. 對某人不守信用keep faith with sb. 守信于某人lose faith in 不再信任have faith in 相信; 信任in good/bad faith 真心誠意/虛情假意After repeated failure, he lost faith in himself.不斷的失敗之后，他對自己失去了信心。Faith can remove mountains. 信仰能移山。Never break faith, or you will lose

2、 all your friends. 不要背信棄義，否則你將失去所有的朋友。2. aimn. 目標(biāo)；目的vi.&vt. 瞄準(zhǔn)；（向某方向）努力What is your aim in life?你生活的目標(biāo)是什么?常用結(jié)構(gòu)：take aim (at) 瞄準(zhǔn)aim at 向瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在，針對aim high 胸懷大志;心氣很高He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.他用槍瞄準(zhǔn)了敵人的軍官。Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines.我們的工廠必須致力于研制新型機(jī)械。3. consequ

3、entlyadv.&conj. 所以，因而(=therefore)Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生從未去過中國，所以對中國了解得很少。聯(lián)想拓展be consequent on/upon 因引起的； consequence n. 后果；結(jié)果；重要性be of consequence 重要的as a consequence=as a result 結(jié)果in consequence 由于as a consequence of=as a result of作為

4、的結(jié)果in consequence of 由于；作為的結(jié)果He is a man of great consequence. 他是一個重要的人物。 4. possessionn. （尤作復(fù)數(shù)）所有；財產(chǎn)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：in possession of sth.擁有/占有某物in the possession of/in ones possession 被擁有take/gain/get/have possession of sth.擁有某物When his father died, he came into possession of a large fortune. 父親死后，他擁有了一大筆遺產(chǎn)。T

5、he people had to gather up their few possessions and escape from the hills. 人們不得不收拾僅有的財產(chǎn)，逃下山去。聯(lián)想拓展possess vt. 擁有；具有；支配 5. concentratevt. 集中,濃縮常用結(jié)構(gòu)：concentrate on/upon集中在； 專心于concentrate ones attention/mind on 注意力集中在I quickly concentrated the camera on the children.我迅速把照相機(jī)的鏡頭對準(zhǔn)孩子們。聯(lián)想拓展pay attention t

6、o 注意focus on 集中(注意力,關(guān)心)于fix ones attention/eyes/mind on 集中精力/目光/心思在The children fixed their eyes on the teacher in class.孩子們聚精會神地聽老師講課。 6. attemptvt. 嘗試；企圖n. 努力；嘗試；企圖常用結(jié)構(gòu)：attempt to do/doing=try to do/doing=make an attempt to do/doing 嘗試做at ones first attempt 某人第一次嘗試in an attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事mak

7、e an attempt on sb.s life 企圖謀殺某人attempt at/on sth.試圖做某事They attempted to finish the task before July.他們試圖在七月以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。They attempted on the life of the dictator. 他們試圖殺死這個獨(dú)裁者。He made an attempt on the world record. 他試圖打破世界紀(jì)錄。Her attempt at poetry was a failure.她嘗試寫詩但失敗了。易混辨析attempt/try/manageattempt為正

8、式用語，常指一次的而不是連續(xù)的嘗試，往往暗示這種嘗試達(dá)不到目的，常包含“冒險”的意義。try為一般用語，指為成功做某事而付出努力或花費(fèi)一定代價；后接不定式時表示“試圖做某事”；后接動名詞時表示“試著做某事”。manage表示“成功地做成某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 7. scoren. 二十；劃痕， 刻線； 欠帳； 得分， 成績； 評分；樂譜v. 劃線，做記號；記分，得分；譜曲Yao Ming scored again in the second half. 姚明在下半場時再次得分。常用結(jié)構(gòu):three score (of) people 60人make a good score 得分多;成績好in s

9、cores 很多的， 大批的score out 劃掉，刪去聯(lián)想拓展scoreboard n. 記分板/牌scorer n. 記分員；得分的運(yùn)動員scores of 很多（前面不能加數(shù)詞)溫馨提示數(shù)詞+score，不加of；但用a score of。score前有數(shù)詞修飾，而且score后所修飾的名詞前有the, those, these等表示限定的詞時，必須加of。重點(diǎn)短語8. a great deal大量，許多We are living close to each other, so I see him a great deal. 我們住得很近，所以我經(jīng)常碰到他。聯(lián)想拓展量詞短語歸類:修飾可

10、數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的：many, a good/great many, a great/large(small) number of, hundreds (thousands/millions/billions) of, dozens of, scores of。修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：a great/good deal of, much, much of, a large/great amount of。修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞的：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, half of, part of, one third of, .percent of。溫馨提示a great

11、deal 可在句中作狀語，修飾動詞或形容詞和副詞的比較級，此時不加of。 deal用來表示“大量，相當(dāng)多”時不用 large修飾，而習(xí)慣用 great/good來修飾。a great deal of表示“許多”時,只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。重點(diǎn)句型9. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. 在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫法的畫家中有生活和工作在法國巴黎的印象派畫家。關(guān)于倒裝句:表示方位的副詞或介詞

12、短語位于句首，主語是名詞，謂語是不及物動詞，如 come, go, stand, sit, lie 等時，句子經(jīng)常采用全部倒裝的形式。In front of the house sat a small boy.房前坐著一個小男孩。There comes the bus. 車來了。Under the tree stand my English teacher and some of my classmates. 樹下站著我的英語老師和幾個同學(xué)。溫馨提示如果主語是代詞，而不是名詞，句子不用倒裝。Here you are. 給你。 Unit 2 Poems 核心單詞1. conveyvt. 運(yùn)送；傳

13、達(dá)；表達(dá)；轉(zhuǎn)讓(財產(chǎn)等)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：convey sth. to sb. 向某人傳達(dá)/運(yùn)送某物convey sth./sb. to someplace 把某物/某人送到某地convey ones feelings/thanks to sb. 向某人表達(dá)某種感情/謝意Passengers are conveyed by bus to the airport.旅客們被公共汽車送往機(jī)場。A wire conveys an electric current. 電線傳導(dǎo)電流。I found it hard to convey my feelings in words. 我覺得難以用語言表達(dá)我的感情。The

14、 old farmer conveyed his farm to his son. 老農(nóng)夫?qū)⑥r(nóng)場轉(zhuǎn)讓給兒子。易混辨析convey/transfer/transportconvey基本含義指將物體從一地運(yùn)送到另一地，或指語言、信息等的傳遞。也可表示財產(chǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)讓，但該詞更強(qiáng)調(diào)通過法律手段轉(zhuǎn)讓財產(chǎn)或某種所有權(quán)。transfer主要指工作地點(diǎn)的變換、住所及物體的轉(zhuǎn)移，還可指旅途中交通工具的變換，如轉(zhuǎn)車、轉(zhuǎn)船等。也可指把財產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓給他人。transport基本含義是運(yùn)送。但該詞通常局限于用交通工具運(yùn)輸貨物和人。 2. transformv. 變成，徹底改變;轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)化；改造常用結(jié)構(gòu)：transform .i

15、nto . 使變成 transform ones life 改變某人的一生transform to a new place 搬到新地方be transformed from 由變成；由遷到be transformed from A to B 由A處遷到B處Hard work transformed her completely into an ordinary housewife.艱辛勞動徹底把她變成了一個普通的家庭婦女。The company is transformed from a family business into one with 5，000 labours.這家公司已從家族企

16、業(yè)變成一家擁有5,000名員工的大公司。聯(lián)想拓展transformation n.改革；轉(zhuǎn)變；變化 3. appropriateadj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?；正?dāng)?shù)膙. 侵吞；盜用；挪用；撥(?？畹?Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word.在每個空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。The mayor was found to have appropriated government money.市長被查出挪用了公款。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：an appropriate response/measure/method 恰如其分的反應(yīng)/恰當(dāng)?shù)拇胧?方法be approp

17、riate to/for 適于；合乎It is appropriate that . (從句中用可以省略should的虛擬語氣形式）The government appropriated a large sum of money for building hospitals.政府撥了一大筆錢用來建造醫(yī)院。聯(lián)想拓展appropriately adv. 適當(dāng)?shù)?. loadn. 負(fù)荷物（尤指沉重的）,載重物；壓力，負(fù)擔(dān)，工作量 v. 裝載；給負(fù)荷常用結(jié)構(gòu)：a load of= loads of =plenty of 大量，許多take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顧慮 a

18、heavy load for 對某人是一件重負(fù)load (up) .with . 用裝load .onto/into . 把裝到上去load off ones mind 去除某人的精神負(fù)擔(dān)Supporting such a large family is really a heavy load for her.她養(yǎng)這么一大家子,負(fù)擔(dān)真的很重。 I had loads of fun today. 我今天玩得很開心。She loaded film into the camera.她把膠卷裝到照相機(jī)里。溫馨提示load為及物動詞，后面必須接賓語，否則要用被動語態(tài)。常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：load (up) A

19、with B或load (up) B onto (into) A；被動形式：A is loaded (up) with B或B is loaded (up) onto A。5. exchangen. 交換；交流；互換 vt. & vi. 調(diào)換；交換An exchange of opinions is helpful. 相互交換意見是有益的。An exchange of prisoners during a war is unusual. 戰(zhàn)爭時期很少交換俘虜。Well have an opportunity to exchange views tomorrow. 明天我們將有機(jī)會交換看

20、法。The store will not exchange goods without a receipt. 這家商店沒有收據(jù)不予調(diào)換商品。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交換某物in exchange for 交換exchange sth. for sth. 用某物交換某物exchange looks 交換眼色exchange information 交流信息exchange greetings 互相問候;打招呼exchange words 相互交談重點(diǎn)短語6. take it easy輕松；不緊張；從容Take it easy. Well take care

21、of everything.放心好了，一切由我們照料。You should take it easy this weekend.這個周末你應(yīng)該放松一下。Take it easy, and you will make it.別緊張，你會成功的。聯(lián)想拓展take things easy 別緊張，慢慢來；從容不迫地進(jìn)行工作take ones chance 碰運(yùn)氣take ones time 不匆忙；別著急；慢慢來take sb. Wrong 誤解（曲解）某人的意思take sth. Seriously 認(rèn)真地對待某事 7. run out of用完We are running out of our

22、money.=Our money is running out. 我們的錢快花光了。I run out of breath. 我跑得喘不過氣來。聯(lián)想拓展run out of 意為“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人。run out=become used up 意為“用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞。其他有關(guān)短語： run short of sth. 缺乏，短缺run short 不足；短缺give out （為不及物動詞短語）用盡；分發(fā)；宣布；發(fā)出；精疲力竭use up （為及物動詞短語）用完，消耗盡 8. make up of組成；構(gòu)成（常用

23、于被動結(jié)構(gòu)）Girl students make up 40% of the student number. 女學(xué)生占學(xué)生總數(shù)的40%。 The medical team is made up of five doctors and ten nurses. 這支醫(yī)療隊(duì)由5名醫(yī)生，10名護(hù)士組成。聯(lián)想拓展make up 構(gòu)成，組成；編造；化裝make up for sth. 彌補(bǔ)be made up of= consist of .由構(gòu)成，組成be made of 由做成(看得出原材料的樣子)be made from 由做成(看不出原材料的樣子)make out 分辨，辨認(rèn)出be made in

24、 在(地方)做成be made by 由(某人)制造make towards sth./make ones way to 向移動，朝走去Ill try to make up for the lost time. 我要盡力彌補(bǔ)失去的時間。 9. let out發(fā)出；放走Every time she moved her leg, she let out a moan. 每次她動一下腿，就會發(fā)出一聲呻吟。Dont let out the plan to the press.別把這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃泄露給媒體。He let out the bird from the cage.他把鳥從籠子里放走了。聯(lián)想拓展let

25、 down 放下；使失望；給輪胎放氣let alone 更不用提；更別說let ones hair down 無拘無束；放松一下let go 放開;松手let it go 算了；放手let in 讓進(jìn)來；放進(jìn)來let off 放（炮）；投放（炸彈）；寬恕10. stay up挺??；站立；熬夜；不睡覺Our flag still stayed up after many attacks of the enemy.經(jīng)過敵人的數(shù)次進(jìn)攻之后，我們的紅旗依然挺立。He stayed up late into the night yesterday.昨天他一直熬到深夜。聯(lián)想拓展stay ahead (of

26、) (比)領(lǐng)先； (走在的)前面stay away (from) 不在； 外出； 走開； 別接近stay behind 留下來不走；留在后面stay out 在外；不在家stay still 靜止不動重點(diǎn)句型11. And said though strange they all were true. 盡管有點(diǎn)奇怪，但這些都是真實(shí)的。聯(lián)想拓展在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語相一致，且從句含動詞be時，從句可用省略主語和動詞be 的形式。在when it is+adj. 結(jié)構(gòu)中，it is也經(jīng)常省略。Ill go to Marys birthday party if i

27、nvited to.(if invited to等于if Im invited to)如果受到邀請的話， 我就去參加瑪麗的生日聚會。 What were you doing while staying at the hotel?(while staying .等于while you were staying .)待在賓館的這段時間你在干什么？ Whenever (it was) possible, they would stop him and ask him the question.只要可能，他們就會讓他停下問他這個問題。溫馨提示在條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、方式狀語從句中，也經(jīng)常采用這種

28、省略的形式。Unit 3 A healthy life核心單詞1. stressn. 壓力；重音vt. 加壓力于；使緊張Too much work and stress does damage to your health. 過量的工作和壓力會對你的健康有害。In the word “mother” the stress is on the first syllable. 在“mother”這個單詞中,重音在第一個音節(jié)上。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：under stress 在壓力之下under the stress of 在的壓力下stress sth.或lay/place/put stress on sth

29、. 強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物；給某物壓力The weight of snow stressed the roof to the point of collapsing.雪的重量壓得屋頂快要塌了。聯(lián)想拓展stressed adj. 焦慮不安的；心力交瘁的stressful adj. 壓力大的；緊張的高手過招2. accustomvt. 使習(xí)慣于常用結(jié)構(gòu)：accustom oneself to=be accustomed to (其中to為介詞)習(xí)慣于These people accustomed themselves to hard work.這些人習(xí)慣于艱苦的工作。I am not accustomed t

30、o being interrupted.我不習(xí)慣被別人打擾。He is accustomed to loneliness.他對孤獨(dú)已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常。聯(lián)想拓展表示“習(xí)慣于”的短語還有：be/get used to doingadapt oneself to doingadjust oneself to doing3. quitvt. 停止(做某事)；離開常用結(jié)構(gòu)：quit something 離開quit doing something 停止做某事He got his present job when he quitted the school.他退學(xué)后得到現(xiàn)在這份工作。Quit talking r

31、ubbish. 別胡說八道了。4. ashamedadj.感到羞恥的；感到慚愧的（常作表語)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth./sb./oneself 為做某事/某人/某人自己而感到慚愧be ashamed to be/to do sth. 因難為情而不愿意做be ashamed that . 為而感到慚愧或羞恥be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到慚愧I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself) now.我昨天表現(xiàn)得不好，現(xiàn)在感到很慚愧。She was ashamed to ask

32、 such a simple question.她不好意思提這么簡單的問題。易混辨析ashamed/shameful/shamelessashamed 指事情使人感到羞恥，慚愧，難為情等。shameful 指事情或行為本身不道德。shameless指某人或行為是可恥的。高手過招5. effectn. 結(jié)果，效力；作用；影響(后接on/upon) I tried to persuade him, but with little effect.我盡力勸他，但他根本不聽。 An effect presupposes a cause.有果必有因。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：put/bring/carry .into e

33、ffect 付諸實(shí)施in effect 事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上take effect 生效；奏效come into effect 開始實(shí)施;開始生效This had a great effect upon the future of both mother and son.這對母子倆的將來影響很大。The medicine began to take effect.藥力開始生效了。6. riskn. 冒險；風(fēng)險vt. 冒風(fēng)險； 冒的風(fēng)險常用結(jié)構(gòu)：at risk 處于危險之中at all risks=at any risk 無論冒什么險;無論如何at ones own risk 由自己負(fù)責(zé),自擔(dān)風(fēng)險at

34、 the risk of doing sth. 冒著的危險risk ones life 冒生命危險 run/take a risk/risks 冒風(fēng)險run the risk of doing sth. 冒著的風(fēng)險risk doing sth. 冒險做If you dont obey me, you should be at your own risk.你如果不服從我的話，你應(yīng)該自擔(dān)風(fēng)險。They knew they risked being arrested.他們知道自己冒著被捕的危險。重點(diǎn)短語7. due to由于；因造成；歸功于；應(yīng)給予；應(yīng)屬于Due to the foggy weath

35、er, the traffic moved very slowly.由于有霧，車輛行進(jìn)緩慢。Our happy childhood is due to our fathers hard work.我們幸福的童年應(yīng)歸功于父親的辛勤工作。The failure is due to his carelessness.失敗是由于他的粗心造成的。 聯(lián)想拓展表示“由于”的短語還有：because of因?yàn)?由于，常用作狀語；on account of 比because of更正式，多用于書面語中；owing to構(gòu)成的短語作狀語，既能指積極的原因，也可指消極的原因；thanks to由于，多虧，常用于書面

36、語，多表示正面的情況，有時也表示反面的情況；as a result of由于；in/as consequence of由于的緣故，常用于書面語中；in view of由于；鑒于（書面語）。8. be addicted to對上癮；入迷；沉溺于(其中to為介詞)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be addicted to sth./doing sth.=addict oneself to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于某種嗜好；醉心于某種活動Schoolboys are easier to be addicted than schoolgirls to net.男生比女生更容易上網(wǎng)成癮。He was addi

37、cted to cocaine.他吸可卡因上癮。He was addicted to gambling.他賭博成癮。聯(lián)想拓展addict vt. 使成癮addict n. 入迷的人；有癮的人addictive adj. 使成癮的；上癮的addiction n. 沉溺；成癮；上癮；入迷9. in spite of不顧;不管I went shopping in spite of the rain.盡管下雨，我還是出去買東西了。 I know whatever you try, youll win in spite of early difficulties我知道你無論做什么，不管最初多么困難，最終

38、都會成功的。In spite of the bad weather, we went fishing. 我們不顧惡劣的天氣仍去釣魚。 易混辨析in spite of/despite/though/although這四個詞(組)意思相近，但in spite of/despite后跟名詞或動名詞。而though/although是連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 10. get into陷入；染上（壞習(xí)慣）Im really getting into jazz these days.近來我喜歡上爵士樂了。I havent really got into my new job yet.我還沒有真正熟悉我的新

39、工作。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：get into debt 負(fù)債累累get into trouble/deep water 陷入困境get into the habit of 養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣Nobody likes to get into trouble. 沒有誰愿意惹麻煩。聯(lián)想拓展get along/on (with) 生活；融洽相處；進(jìn)展；有起色get away 逃脫；離開；把送走get down (從)下來；吞下；寫下；使沮喪get down to 開始認(rèn)真考慮get in 進(jìn)入；到達(dá)；收獲；插入；陷入get off 下來；脫下；出發(fā)；開始get on 上車get on with sb. 與某人相處get

40、over 爬過；克服；熬過；恢復(fù)get rid of 擺脫,除去get through 到達(dá)；做完；通過；渡過；打通get across 使通過；被理解重點(diǎn)句型11. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non smoker. 每當(dāng)你想要吸煙的時候，你就提醒你自己：你（已經(jīng)）是不吸煙的人了。every time在這里相當(dāng)于連詞，連接了兩個分句；remind后面又跟了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 時間狀語從句通常由when, while, as before, after, as s

41、oon as 等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，但有時也可由every time, each time，the moment, the day等引導(dǎo)，這時這類詞或詞組就起到相當(dāng)于一個從屬連詞的作用。Each time I get a cold, I have a headache.每次感冒我都頭疼。He phoned me the moment he reached Chicago.他一到芝加哥就給我打了電話。此外immediately, instantly, directly等詞也可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。He made for the door directly he heard the knock.一聽到敲門

42、聲他就跑去開門了。I got in touch with him immediately I received the letter.我一接到信就跟他聯(lián)系了。Unit 4 Global warming核心單詞1. subscribevi. 同意；捐贈；訂閱vt. （簽署）文件；捐助常用結(jié)構(gòu)：subscribe to . 同意，贊許；（在文件等下面）簽名，署名subscribe sth. to . 捐助subscribe to/for . 訂閱；訂購(書籍等)He did not subscribe to my proposal. 他不贊同我的建議。He subscribed a large s

43、um to the relief fund. 他向救濟(jì)基金捐贈巨資。He subscribed his name to a petition. 他在請?jiān)笗虾灻?. tendvt. & vi. （常與to連用）有某種傾向；有的趨勢；走向；趨向；朝向；照管，照料；看護(hù)People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。He tends to pitch the ball too high.他往往把球擲得過高。Prices are tending upward. 物價在上

44、漲。The woman stayed at home to tend her child. 那個婦女呆在家里照料她的孩子。3. opposevt. 反對； 反抗；對抗；（與to連用）使反對，使相對Many members of the council opposed the building of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.許多議會議員反對在市中心建造豪華型住宅。My mother is opposed to the new plan. 我媽媽是反對這個新計(jì)劃的。Many residents are opposed to the p

45、lan of building the motorway.許多居民反對修建那條高速公路的計(jì)劃。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：as opposed to （表示對比）而，相對于易混辨析 oppose/object/resistoppose 為常用詞，指“對某人、某事采取積極行動來反對”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作,尤指“反對一種觀念、思想、計(jì)劃等”。 object 常指“用言論或論據(jù)等表示反對”, 強(qiáng)調(diào)“個人嫌厭”和“由于與個人有關(guān)，因此提出反對意見”。resist指“積極地反抗、對抗”；“用武力阻止的前進(jìn)”。 4. consequencen.C結(jié)果；后果；影響Im quite willing to accept the conse

46、quences. 我完全愿意承擔(dān)后果。You should know the consequence of not studying hard.你應(yīng)該知道不用功學(xué)習(xí)的后果。This had the unexpected consequence that he got fired.這件事有了意外的后果，那就是他被革職了。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：as a consequence (of .)=in consequence (of .)=as a result (of .) 結(jié)果;因此；由于的原因聯(lián)想拓展consequent adj.（+on/upon） 因而起的；隨之發(fā)生的consequently adv. 結(jié)

47、果；因此；必然地 5. averageadj. 平均的；普通的n. 平均;平均數(shù)The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. 這個班男生的平均年齡為十五歲。It was an average piece of work.那是一件普通的作品。The average man is not interested in this subject. 普通人一般對這個題目不感興趣。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：on average 平均地；通常 above/below average 高于/低于平均數(shù)/水平an average of . 的平均數(shù)up to ave

48、rage 達(dá)到平均數(shù)The average of 4 and 8 is 6. 4和8的平均數(shù)為6。Two students are absent each day on average.平均每天有兩個學(xué)生缺席。6. blamev. 埋怨,責(zé)備常用結(jié)構(gòu)：be to blame 應(yīng)受譴責(zé),應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任blame something on sb. 把歸咎于blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因而責(zé)備某人City residents also blame migrant workers for the sharp rise in the urban crime rate.城市居民還

49、責(zé)怪民工造成了城市犯罪率的大幅度上升。They blamed the failure on George. 他們把失敗歸咎于喬治。Blame me if I dont. 我要是不這樣做,隨你怎么辦好了。聯(lián)想拓展blameful adj. 該受責(zé)備的，有過錯的 blameless adj. 無可責(zé)難的,無過錯的 blameworthy adj. 該受責(zé)備的重點(diǎn)短語7. come about發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生How did this dangerous state of affairs come about?這種危險的事態(tài)是怎么發(fā)生的?聯(lián)想拓展關(guān)于come的其他短語:come across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；被理

50、解；提供come into being 發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)；形成 come into power 開始執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán)；當(dāng)選 come into effect/force 開始生效；開始實(shí)行 come into existence 形成；產(chǎn)生；開始存在 come into fashion 開始流行 come off （頭發(fā)、牙齒、紐扣）脫落；離開 come on 上場；開始；趕快；加油come out 出來，發(fā)芽；出版；說出；洗掉come to know/realize/understand 開始了解到/意識到/明白 come up with 找到（答案）；拿出（一筆錢等）8. quantities

51、of意思是“大量的”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Quantities of apples were on the table.桌子上有很多蘋果。Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.去年大量的石油被海運(yùn)到日本。聯(lián)想拓展in quantity/in large quantities 大量的in small quantities 少量的易混辨析a quantity of/quantities ofa quantity of 與quantities of，都可譯為“大量的”，都既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，

52、但用法有區(qū)別。a quantity of的謂語動詞根據(jù)其后的名詞而定，跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，跟不可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。而quantities of 后無論跟可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞一律用復(fù)數(shù)。A large quantity of air conditioners have been sold since the summer came.入夏以來，已有大量的空調(diào)售出。9. result in導(dǎo)致;結(jié)果是（相當(dāng)于lead to）Their dispute resulted in war. 他們的爭端導(dǎo)致了戰(zhàn)爭。The accident results in the deat

53、h of two passengers. 事故導(dǎo)致兩名乘客死亡。His carelessness resulted in the accident.他的粗心導(dǎo)致事故的發(fā)生。聯(lián)想拓展result from 起因于；由造成as a result 結(jié)果；因此as a result of 作為的結(jié)果；因?yàn)?10. put up with忍受；容忍I dont know how his parents put up with his antics.我不知道他的父母是如何忍受他的怪異行為的。She could hardly put up with that fellow any longer.她再也不能忍

54、受那家伙了。聯(lián)想拓展put away 放好；收好；儲存put aside 忽視；不理睬put across 交流，溝通put down 記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；平定put forward 提出；建議；將提前put in 駛進(jìn)put out 熄滅；撲滅；出版；公布；生產(chǎn)put off 推遲；延期put on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加（體重）put up 提出；舉起；升起；提（價）；投宿；建造 重點(diǎn)句型11. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.這個升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫做“溫室”氣體，其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。定語從句中的介詞或介詞短語可以提到引導(dǎo)詞which, whom的前面。The old man has three daughters