實(shí)驗(yàn)43配置多區(qū)域OSPF和P2MPP2P幀中繼

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)4-3：配置多區(qū)域OSPF和P2MP、P2P幀中繼【實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康摹浚涸诒敬螌?shí)驗(yàn)中，你將在復(fù)雜的幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)中配置OSPF。在完成本次實(shí)驗(yàn)之后，你需要完成下列任務(wù)： 使用點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型配置OSPF 使用點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型配置OSPF 連接核心中的其他設(shè)備 【實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)洹浚鹤⒁猓簣D中x為所在機(jī)架編號(hào)，y為路由器編號(hào)?！緦?shí)驗(yàn)幫助】：如果出現(xiàn)任何問(wèn)題，可以向在值的輔導(dǎo)老師提出并請(qǐng)求提供幫助。【命令列表】： 命令描述(config)#default interface s0恢復(fù)S0接口到默認(rèn)配置(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 122給點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)連接指定DLCI(

2、config)#internface s0/0.1 multipoint | point-to-point創(chuàng)建一個(gè)點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)（點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)）子接口(config-subif)#ip ospf network Point-to-multipoint強(qiáng)制指定OSPF接口類(lèi)型為點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)。缺省是NBMA。(config-router)#network 55 area 0指定符合這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)范圍的接口運(yùn)行在這個(gè)指定的OSPF區(qū)域(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp關(guān)閉此接口的幀中繼反向ARP解析【任務(wù)一】：配置OSPF多區(qū)域和幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)

3、點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)、點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn) 實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程：第一步：在邊界路由器，創(chuàng)建一個(gè)多點(diǎn)子接口s0.1。你將使用這個(gè)為OSPF點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型去連接幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)。第二步：更改子接口s0.1的OSPF網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型為點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)(缺省的幀中繼多點(diǎn)子接口網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型是非廣播（NBMA)第三步：分配IP地址172.31.xx.y/24到s0.1接口，x是你的機(jī)架號(hào),y是你的路由器編號(hào)。例如：P3R2,這個(gè)IP地址是/24。第四步：因?yàn)槲覀兊膸欣^沒(méi)有使用幀中繼反向ARP，我們需要手動(dòng)的映著這個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程地址到本地DLCI號(hào)。在邊界路由器創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句到路由器BBR2的IP地址172.31.xx.4使用DLCI號(hào)2

4、xy，這兒x是機(jī)架號(hào)，y是你的路由器編號(hào)。不要放記添加broadcast參數(shù)。例如：P3R2，這個(gè)幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是：frame-relay map ip 232 broadcastP3R1，這個(gè)幀中繼映射語(yǔ)句應(yīng)該是：frame-relay map ip 231 broadcast第五步：在邊界路由器上接活S0接口。第六步：在邊界路由器上，在OSPF進(jìn)程下添加新的network語(yǔ)句聲明172.31.xx.0這個(gè)網(wǎng)段運(yùn)行在Area 0，同時(shí)使用ip ospf network point-to-multipoint命令修改S0.1接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型。第

5、七步：在邊界路由器，使用適當(dāng)?shù)膕how命令檢查OSPF鄰居狀態(tài)。在點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型下這里是否有DR/BDR？你的路由器輸出應(yīng)該與下列類(lèi)似：P1R1#sh ip os neiNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 1 FULL/BDR 00:01:55 Serial0.1 100 FULL/DR 00:01:54 Serial0 0 FULL/ - 00:00:35 Serial3 1 FU

6、LL/DR 00:00:37 Ethernet0P1R1#第八步：顯示邊界路由器PxR1和PxR2的路由表，驗(yàn)證他們是正確的學(xué)習(xí)了核心的OSPF路由。從邊界路由器PING BBR2路由器的以太網(wǎng)接口，以驗(yàn)證與核心建立了正確的連接。你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類(lèi)似：Type Escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 80 Percent(4/5), round-trip min/avg/max

7、= 1/1/4 ms第九步：創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)子接口s0.2連接兩個(gè)邊界路由器。配置IP地址10.xx.0.y/24給這個(gè)子接口，x是你的機(jī)架編號(hào)，y是你的路由器編號(hào)。這個(gè)從路由器PxR1到PxR2的DLCI是122，路由器從PxR2到PxR1的DLCI是221。例如, P3R1和P3R2路由器的連接，配置如下所示：P3R1(config)#interface Serial0.2 point-to-pointP3R1(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 122P3R2(config)#interface Serial0.2 point-to-poi

8、ntP3R2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 221第十步：在每一個(gè)邊界路由器上，PING對(duì)方邊界路由器的S0.2子接口，驗(yàn)證連接的正確性。你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類(lèi)似：Type Escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 80 Percent(4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms第十一步：在邊界路由器上，加入10.xx.0.0網(wǎng)絡(luò)到OSP

9、F區(qū)域x。第十二步：在邊界路由器上，驗(yàn)著兩個(gè)子接口的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型。哪一個(gè)OSPF的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型是點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)子接口的缺省網(wǎng)絡(luò)類(lèi)型？你的顯示應(yīng)該與下列類(lèi)似：P1R1#sh ip os intSerial0.1 is up, line protocol is upInternet Address /24, Area 0Process ID 1, Router ID , Network Type POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, Cost: 64Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timer inter

10、vals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Retransmit 5oob-resync timeout 120Hello due in 00:00:11Index 2/4, flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 3Last flood scan time is 4 msec, maximum is 4 msecNeighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1Suppress h

11、ello for 0 neighbor(s)(Output Omitted)Serial0.2 is up, line protocol is upInternet Address /24, Area 1Process ID 1, Router ID , Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5oob-

12、resync timeout 40Hello due in 00:00:06Index 3/5, flood queue length 0Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 3Last flood scan time is 4 msec, maximum is 4 msecNeighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)(Output Omitted)第十三步：在邊界路由器上，使用適當(dāng)?shù)膕how命令驗(yàn)證

13、OSPF鄰居狀態(tài)。在點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)中這里是否有DR/BDR存在？你的輸出應(yīng)該與下列類(lèi)似：P1R1#sh ip os neiNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 0 FULL/ - 00:01:31 Serial.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 Serial.2 0 FULL/ - 00:00:33 Serial3 1 FULL/DR 00:00:34 Ethernet

14、0P1R1#第十四步：在邊界路由器上，驗(yàn)著IP路由表中的OSPF路由，依靠你使用的機(jī)架，你可能會(huì)看到其它機(jī)架的路由。你的輸出與下列類(lèi)似：P1R1#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2

15、- OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masksC 172

16、.31.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0.1O /32 110/128 via , 00:03:47, Serial0.1O /32 110/64 via , 00:03:47, Serial.0/24 is subnetted, 6 subnetsC is directly connected, Serial0.2O

17、 110/74 via , 00:07:54, Ethernet0O 110/74 via , 00:07:55, Serial1110/74 via , 00:07:55, Serial0.2C is directly connected, Ethernet0C is directly connected, Serial1O E2 110/20 via , 00:03:38, Serial0.1P1R1#第十五步：在內(nèi)部路由器上，驗(yàn)證IP路由表中

18、的OSPF路由。P1R3#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS

19、-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masksO IA /24 110/74 via , 00:05:11, Ethernet0O IA 1

20、/32 110/10 via , 00:04:20, Ethernet0O IA /32 110/74 via , 00:04:20, Ethernet0110/74 via , 00:04:20, Serial0O IA /32 110/74 via , 00:04:20, Ethernet0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 2 masksO /24 110/74 via ,

21、00:08:27, Ethernet0C 3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0O /24 110/74 via , 00:08:28, Serial0C /24 is directly connected, Ethernet0O /24 110/74 via , 00:08:28, Ethernet0O E2 /24 110/20 via 10.1

22、.1.1, 00:04:16, Ethernet0P1R3#第十六步：為什么有一些路由在內(nèi)部路由器標(biāo)記為“O IA”，但在是邊界路由器沒(méi)有呢？第十七步：在邊界路由器和內(nèi)部路由器上使用show ip protocols命令驗(yàn)證OSPF路由進(jìn)程。邊界路由器屬于多個(gè)少區(qū)域？?jī)?nèi)部路由器屬于多少區(qū)域？P1R3#sh ip proRouting Protocol is ospf 1Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set

23、Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssaMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks: 55 area 1Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last Update4 110 01:45:093 110 00:10:37 110 00:06:30 110 00:06:29 110 02:32:18172.31.

24、1.3 110 00:10:37 110 00:06:24Distance: (default is 110)P1R1#sh ip proRouting Protocol is ospf 1Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not setIncoming update filter list for all interfaces is not setIt is an area border routerNumber of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub

25、0 nssaMaximum path: 4Routing for Networks: 55 area 55 area 1 55 area 0 55 area 0Routing Information Sources:Gateway Distance Last Update4 110 01:46:33 110 00:11:59 110 00:07:5 110 00:07:51

26、 110 02:33:39 110 00:11:59 110 00:07:41Distance: (default is 110)【實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證】：成功完成整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，你需要完成下列任務(wù)： 你有在點(diǎn)對(duì)多點(diǎn)和點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置OSPF。 你能夠PING通BBR2路由器?！韭酚善髋渲谩浚篜1R1:hostname P1R1!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zerono ip domain lookup!interface Ethernet0!interface Se

27、rial0encapsulation frame-relayframe-relay map ip 111 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!interface Serial0.1 multipointipip ospf network point-to-multipointframe-relay map ip 211 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!interface Serial0.2 point-to-pointframe-relay interface-dlci 1

28、22!interface Serial1clockrate 64000!router ospf 1log-adjacency-changesnetwork 55 area 1network 55 area 1network 55 area 0network 55 area 0!no ip http serverip classless!line con 0exec-timeout 30 0logging synchronousline aux 0lin

29、e vty 0 4login!EndP1R2:hostname P1R2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelip subnet-zerono ip domain lookup!interface Ethernet0!interface Serial0encapsulation frame-relayip ospf priority 0frame-relay map ip 112 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!interface Serial0.1 multipointipip ospf network point-to-multipointframe-relay map ip 212 broadcastno frame-relay inverse-arp!interface Serial0.2 point-to-pointframe-relay interface-