arctoolbox工具簡介參考模板

1、arctoolbox工具簡介 工具用以對 GIS 數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行小的基本操作。工具共分為四種類型，如下表所示。不管工具屬于哪種類型，它們的工作方式都相同；可以打開它們的對話框，可以在模型構建器中使用它們，還可以在軟件程序中調用它們。工具類型描述內置工具。這些工具是使用 ArcObjects 和像 .NET 這樣的編譯型編程語言構建的。 模型工具。這些工具是使用模型構建器創(chuàng)建的。 腳本工具。這些工具是使用腳本工具向導創(chuàng)建的，它們可在磁盤上運行腳本文件，例如 Python 文件 (.py)、 AML 文件 (.aml) 或可執(zhí)行文件（.exe 或 .bat）。特殊工具。比較少見，由系統(tǒng)開發(fā)人員構建的，它

2、們有自己獨特的用戶界面供用戶使用此工具。ArcGIS Data Interoperability 擴展模塊中具有特殊的工具。 3D Analyst 工具箱提供可在表面模型和三維矢量數(shù)據(jù)上實現(xiàn)各種分析、數(shù)據(jù)管理和數(shù)據(jù)轉換操作的地理處理工具的集合。工具箱以適當方式組織到工具集中，可定義其中的工具所完成任務的范圍。通過 3D Analyst 工具可創(chuàng)建和分析以柵格、terrain、不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 和 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集格式表示的表面數(shù)據(jù)?？蓪⒍喾N格式轉換為 3D 數(shù)據(jù)，包括 COLLADA、激光雷達、1 / 266SketchUp、OpenFlight 和許多其他數(shù)據(jù)類型。幾何關系和要素屬性分

3、析、柵格和各種不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 模型插值和表面屬性分析只是 3D Analyst 工具提供的眾多功能的一部分。The 3D Analyst toolbox provides a collection of geoprocessing tools that enable a wide variety of analytical, data management, and data conversion operations on surface models and three-dimensional vector data. The toolbox is conveniently or

4、ganized into toolsets which define the scope of tasks accomplished by the tools therein. 3D Analyst tools provide the ability to create and analyze surface data represented in raster, terrain, triangulated irregular network (TIN), and LAS dataset formats. 3D data can be converted from a rich variety

5、 of formats, including COLLADA, lidar, SketchUp, OpenFlight, and many other data types. Analysis of geometric relationships and feature properties, interpolation of raster and various triangulated irregular network (TIN) models, and analysis of surface properties are only some of the numerous functi

6、ons provided by the 3D Analyst tools.工具集Toolset描述Description3D 要素 提供評估幾何屬性和三維要素之間關系的工具。 3D Features Provides tools for evaluating geometric properties and relationships between three-dimensional features. CityEngine包含提供 Esri CityEngine 的某些功能而無需安裝 Esri CityEngine 的工具。CityEngineContains tools that exp

7、ose some capabilities of Esri CityEngine without requiring Esri CityEngine to be installed.轉換 包含將要素類、文件、LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集、柵格、TIN 和 terrain 轉換為其他數(shù)據(jù)格式的工具。根據(jù)要轉換的數(shù)據(jù)類型將工具組織到工具集中。 Conversion Contains tools that convert feature classes, files, LAS datasets, rasters, TINs, and terrains to other data formats. The tool

8、s are organized into toolsets based on the data type being converted. Data Management提供用于創(chuàng)建和管理 terrain、TIN 和 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集的工具。 Data ManagementProvides tools for creating and managing terrain, TIN, and LAS datasets. 功能性表面 提供評估來自柵格、terrain 和 TIN 表面的高程信息的分析工具。 Functional Surface Provides analysis tools that

9、evaluate elevation information from raster, terrain, and TIN surfaces. 柵格插值 提供多種插值工具，可從給定的示例點集生成連續(xù)的柵格表面，包括符合真實地表的表面模型。 Raster Interpolation Provides numerous interpolation tools that can produce continuous raster surfaces from a given set of sample points, including hydrologically correct surface mo

10、dels. 柵格計算 在柵格數(shù)據(jù)集上執(zhí)行數(shù)學運算的要素工具。 Raster Math Features tools that perform mathematical operations on raster datasets. 柵格重分類 包含允許柵格數(shù)據(jù)重分類的工具。Raster Reclass Contains tools that enable reclassification of raster data.柵格表面 提供可確定柵格表面屬性（如等值線、坡度、坡向、山體陰影和差異計算）的分析工具。Raster Surface Provides analysis tools that en

11、able the determination of raster surface properties, such as contours, slope, aspect, hillshade, and difference calculation.表面三角化提供可確定 TIN、terrain 和 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集的表面屬性（如等值線、坡度、坡向、山體陰影、差異計算、體積計算和異常值檢測）的分析工具。Triangulated SurfaceProvides analysis tools that enable the determination of surface properties of T

12、IN, terrain, and LAS datasets, such as contours, slope, aspect, hillshade, difference calculation, volumetric computations, and outlier detection.可見性 允許使用不同類型的觀察點要素、障礙源（包括表面和適合于表示建筑等結構的多面體）和 3D 要素執(zhí)行可見性分析的要素工具。Visibility Features tools that enable visibility analysis to be performed using various typ

13、es of observer features and obstruction sources that include surfaces, multipatches, which are great for representing structures like buildings, and 3D features. “3D 要素”工具集提供了一組評估幾何屬性和三維要素間的關系的工具：The 3D Features toolset provides a collection of tools for evaluating geometric properties and relations

14、hips between three-dimensional features. The following table summarizes the tools in this toolset:工具Tool描述Description添加 Z 信息 添加關于具有 Z 值的要素類中的要素的高程屬性的信息。Add Z Information Adds information about elevation properties of features in a Z-enabled feature class.3D 緩沖 在點或線要素周圍創(chuàng)建 3D 緩沖區(qū)。Buffer 3D Creates a 3

15、D buffer around point or line features.3D 差異消除目標要素類中與減要素類中多面體要素的封閉體相重疊的多面體要素部分。Difference 3DEliminates portions of multipatch features in a target feature class that overlap with enclosed volumes of multipatch features in the subtraction feature class.封閉多面體在輸出要素類中使用輸入多面體的要素創(chuàng)建閉合多面體要素。 Enclose Multipa

16、tchCreates closed multipatch features in the output feature class using the features of the input multipatch. 根據(jù)屬性實現(xiàn)要素轉 3D 使用從輸入要素屬性獲得的高度值創(chuàng)建 3D 要素。Feature To 3D By Attribute Creates 3D features using height values derived from the attribute of the input features.3D 內部 確定來自輸入要素類的 3D 要素是否包含在閉合的多面體中，并寫

17、入用于記錄要素（部分或全部在多面體中）的輸出表。Inside 3D Determines if 3D features from an input feature class are contained inside a closed multipatch, and writes an output table recording the features that are partially or fully inside the multipatch.3D 相交 計算閉合多面體要素的幾何相交，以便根據(jù)相交體積生成多面體要素，根據(jù)相交面生成面要素或根據(jù)相交邊生成線要素。Intersect 3

18、D Computes the geometric intersection of closed multipatch features to produce multipatches from the intersecting volumes, polygons from the intersecting planes, or lines from the intersecting edges.3D 線與多面體相交 確定并返回線與多面體要素之間幾何交集的數(shù)量?？蛇x擇性地將表示交集的點要素和表示在此類點分開的輸入線的線要素寫入輸出要素類中。Intersect 3D Line With Multi

19、patch Determines and returns the number of geometric intersections between line and multipatch features. Point features representing the intersection and line features representing the input lines divided at such points can optionally be written to output feature classes.是否為閉合 評估多面體要素以確定是否每個要素完全封閉空間

20、體積。Is Closed Evaluates multipatch features to determine whether each feature completely encloses a volume of space.3D 鄰近 計算每個輸入要素到一個或多個鄰近要素類中的最近要素的三維距離。 Near 3D Calculates the three-dimensional distance from each input feature to the nearest feature that resides in one or more near feature classes.

21、3D 聯(lián)合 基于輸入要素類對閉合的重疊多面體要素進行合并。Union 3D Merges closed, overlapping multipatch features from an input feature class. CityEngine 工具集包含提供 Esri CityEngine 的某些功能而無需安裝 Esri CityEngine 的工具。Contains tools that expose some capabilities of Esri CityEngine without requiring Esri CityEngine to be installed.描述Desc

22、ription基于 CityEngine 規(guī)則轉換要素 按照在 Esri CityEngine 中創(chuàng)作的規(guī)則基于現(xiàn)有 2D 和 3D 輸入要素生成 3D 幾何。Features From CityEngine Rules Generates 3D geometries from existing 2D and 3D input features using rules authored in Esri CityEngine.導出為 3D Web 場景 將 ArcScene 文檔 (.sxd) 導出為 Esri CityEngine Web 場景 (.3ws) 格式，以便將其顯示在 CityEn

23、gine Web 查看器中。Export To 3D Web Scene Exports ArcScene documents (.sxd) to Esri CityEngine Web Scene (.3ws) format to display them in the CityEngine Web Viewer. 功能性表面工具集提供了一組使用要素和各種表面類型執(zhí)行分析操作的地理處理工具。The Functional Surface toolset provides geoprocessing tools that perform analysis operations using fea

24、tures and various surface types. 工具Tool描述Description添加表面信息 歸屬從表面中獲取的帶有空間信息的要素。Add Surface Information Attributes features with spatial information derived from a surface.插值 Shape 根據(jù)從柵格、不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN)、或 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集獲取的高程值為要素類插入 z 值。 Interpolate Shape Interpolates z-values for a feature class based on el

25、evation derived from a raster, triangulated irregular network (TIN), or terrain dataset. 3D 線與表面相交計算 3D 線要素與一個或多個表面的幾何交集，并以分割線要素和點的形式返回交集。Intersect 3D Line With SurfaceComputes the geometric intersection of 3D line features and one or more surfaces to return the intersection as segmented line featur

26、es and points.堆棧剖面創(chuàng)建表格和可選圖表，用于說明一個或多個多面體、柵格、TIN 或 terrain 表面上的線要素的剖面。Stack ProfileCreates a table and optional graph denoting the profile of line features over one or more multipatch, raster, TIN, or terrain surfaces.表面體積 可計算指定參考平面以上或以下的柵格、不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 或 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集表面的面積和體積。Surface Volume Calculates

27、 the area and volume of a raster, triangulated irregular network (TIN), or terrain dataset surface above or below a given reference plane. 可見性工具集包含一組用于執(zhí)行不同形式可見性分析（從構造陰影模型和視線到生成視域和天際線）的工具。The Visibility toolset features tools for performing various forms of visibility analysis, ranging from construct

28、ing shadow models and sight lines to generation of viewsheds and skylines. 工具Tool說明Description構造視線 創(chuàng)建表示視線（從一個或多個視點到目標要素類的要素）的線要素。Construct Sight Lines Creates line features that represent sight lines from one or more observer points to features in a target feature class.通視性確定視線穿過潛在障礙物的可見性。潛在障礙物可以是柵格

29、、TIN、多面體和拉伸面或線的任意組合。 IntervisibilityDetermines the visibility of sight lines through potential obstructions. The potential obstructions can be any combination of rasters, TINs, multipatches, and extruded polygons or lines. 通視分析 確定穿過由表面和可選多面體數(shù)據(jù)集組成的障礙物的視線的可見性。Line Of Sight Determines the visibility of

30、 sight lines over obstructions consisting of a surface and an optional multipatch dataset.視點分析識別從各柵格表面位置進行觀察時可見的觀察點。Observer PointsIdentifies which observer points are visible from each raster surface location.天際線 生成一個包含天際線或輪廓分析結果的線要素類或多面體要素類。 Skyline Generates a line or multipatch feature class con

31、taining the results from a skyline or silhouette analysis. 天際線障礙物 生成一個表示天際線障礙物或陰影體的多面體要素類。Skyline Barrier Generates a multipatch feature class representing a skyline barrier or shadow volume. 天際線圖 計算天空的可見性，并選擇性地生成表和極線圖。Skyline Graph Calculates sky visibility and generates an optional table and polar

32、 graph.太陽陰影體利用每個要素在給定日期和時間的光照條件下所投射出的模型陰影來創(chuàng)建閉合體。Sun Shadow VolumeCreates closed volumes that model shadows cast by each feature using sunlight for a given date and time.視域確定對一組觀察點要素可見的柵格表面位置。ViewshedDetermines the raster surface locations visible to a set of observer features.可見性確定對一組觀察點要素可見的柵格表面位置，

33、或識別從各柵格表面位置進行觀察時可見的觀察點。VisibilityDetermines the raster surface locations visible to a set of observer features, or identifies which observer points are visible from each raster surface location. 數(shù)據(jù)管理工具集提供一組用于創(chuàng)建、管理和編輯 terrain、TIN 和 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集的工具按以下工具集對其進行組織：· LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集 - 其包含的工具用于修改由 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集引用的 LAS 文件

34、的分類，此數(shù)據(jù)集用于快速讀取和顯示機載激光雷達數(shù)據(jù)的新數(shù)據(jù)類型。 · Terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集 - 包含用于創(chuàng)建和管理 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集的工具，此數(shù)據(jù)集是由要素數(shù)據(jù)集中存儲的基于要素的測量值組成的多分辨率三角化網(wǎng)格面。 · TIN - 包含用于創(chuàng)建和編輯不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 數(shù)據(jù)集的工具，此數(shù)據(jù)集是由基于要素的測量值組成的單分辨率表面。 The Data Management toolset provides a collection of tools for creating, managing, and editing terrain, TIN, and LAS

35、 datasets that are organized under the following toolsets:· LAS DatasetContains tools for modifying classification of LAS files referenced by a LAS dataset, which is a new data type that allows for the rapid read and display of airborne lidar data. · Terrain DatasetContains tools for creat

36、ing and managing a terrain dataset, which is a multiresolution triangulated surface comprised of feature based measurements stored in a feature dataset. · TINContains tools for creating and editing a triangulated irregular network (TIN) dataset, which is a single resolution surface comprised of

37、 feature based measurements. LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集LAS Dataset 地理處理工具Geoprocessing Tool說明Description更改 LAS 類代碼 修改 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集所引用的 LAS 文件的類代碼值。Change LAS Class Codes Modifies the class code values of LAS files referenced by a LAS dataset.使用要素設置 LAS 類代碼 使用點、線和面要素來對 LAS 數(shù)據(jù)集所引用的 LAS 文件中的數(shù)據(jù)點進行分類。Set LAS Class Codes Using F

38、eaturesClassifies data points in LAS files referenced by a LAS dataset using point, line, and polygon features. Terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集Terrain Dataset地理處理工具Geoprocessing tools說明Description向 Terrain 添加要素類 向 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集中添加一個或多個要素類。Add Feature Class To Terrain Adds one or more feature classes to a terrain dataset.

39、添加 Terrain 金字塔等級 向現(xiàn)有 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集添加一個或多個金字塔等級。Add Terrain Pyramid Level Adds one or more pyramid levels to an existing terrain dataset.追加 Terrain 點 向 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集引用的點要素追加點。Append Terrain Points Appends points to a point feature referenced by a terrain dataset.構建 Terrain 執(zhí)行分析和顯示 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集時所需的任務。Build

40、 Terrain Performs tasks required for analyzing and displaying a terrain dataset.更改 Terrain 參考比例 更改與 terrain 金字塔等級相關聯(lián)的參考比例。Change Terrain Reference Scale Changes the reference scale associated with a terrain pyramid level.更改 Terrain 分辨率界限 更改將針對給定 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集強化的要素類所處的金字塔等級。Change Terrain Resolution Bo

41、unds Changes the pyramid levels at which a feature class will be enforced for a given terrain dataset.創(chuàng)建 Terrain 創(chuàng)建新的 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集。Create Terrain Creates a new terrain dataset.刪除 Terrain 點 從參與 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集的一個或多個要素中刪除指定的感興趣區(qū)域內的點。Delete Terrain Points Deletes points within a specified area of interest f

42、rom one or more features that participate in a terrain dataset.從 Terrain 中移除要素類 移除對參與 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集的要素類的引用。Remove Feature Class From Terrain Removes reference to a feature class participating in a terrain dataset.移除 Terrain 金字塔等級 從 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集中移除金字塔等級。Remove Terrain Pyramid Level Removes a pyramid lev

43、el from a terrain dataset.替換 Terrain 點 可用來自指定要素類的點替換 terrain 數(shù)據(jù)集中使用的點要素。Replace Terrain Points Replaces point features used in a terrain dataset with points from a specified feature class.TIN 工具Tool說明Description復制 TIN 創(chuàng)建不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 數(shù)據(jù)集的副本。Copy TIN Creates a copy of a triangulated irregular network

44、(TIN) dataset.創(chuàng)建 TIN 創(chuàng)建一個不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 數(shù)據(jù)集。Create TIN Creates a triangulated irregular network (TIN) dataset.描繪 TIN 數(shù)據(jù)區(qū) 基于三角形的邊長度重新定義不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 的數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)或內插區(qū)。Delineate TIN Data Area Redefines the data area, or interpolation zone, of a triangulated irregular network (TIN) based on its triangle edge lengt

45、h.編輯 TIN 從定義不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng) (TIN) 表面區(qū)域的一個或多個輸入要素類添加要素。Edit TIN Adds features from one or more input feature classes that define the surface area of a triangulated irregular network (TIN). 表面插值工具用于根據(jù)采樣點值創(chuàng)建連續(xù)（或預測）表面。訪問研究區(qū)域中的每個位置以測量現(xiàn)象的高度、密度或量級通常會非常困難且成本高昂。相反，您可對戰(zhàn)略上分散的采樣位置進行測量，然后可將預測值指定給其他所有位置。輸入點的間距可以是隨機的或固定的，也

46、可以根據(jù)采樣方案來確定。柵格數(shù)據(jù)集的連續(xù)表面制圖表達表示某些測量值，例如高度、密度或量級（例如，高程、酸度或噪點級別）。表面插值工具會根據(jù)輸出柵格數(shù)據(jù)集中所有位置的采樣測量值進行預測，而無論是否已在該位置進行了測量。得出每個位置的預測值的方法有很多種；每種方法都被稱為一個模型。使用每個模型時，會對數(shù)據(jù)做出各種假設，并且特定的模型更適用于特定的數(shù)據(jù) - 例如，對于本地變量來說，一個模型可能比另一個模型更適合。每個模型在生成預測值時使用的計算方法是不同的。插值工具通常分為確定性方法和地統(tǒng)計方法。· 確定性插值方法將根據(jù)周圍測量值和用于確定所生成表面平滑度的指定數(shù)學公式將值指定給位置。確定

47、性插值方法包括：反距離權重法（inverse distance weighting，IDW）、自然鄰域法、趨勢面法和樣條函數(shù)法。· 地統(tǒng)計方法以包含自相關（測量點之間的統(tǒng)計關系）的統(tǒng)計模型為基礎。因此，地統(tǒng)計方法不僅具有產(chǎn)生預測表面的功能，而且能夠對預測的確定性或準確性提供某種度量?？死锝鸱ㄊ且环N地統(tǒng)計插值方法。其余的插值工具地形轉柵格和依據(jù)文件實現(xiàn)地形轉柵格將使用專為從等值線創(chuàng)建連續(xù)表面而設計的插值方法，而此類方法還包含適合于創(chuàng)建水文分析表面的屬性。下表列出了可用的“插值”工具，并對每個工具進行了簡要描述。Surface interpolation tools create a c

48、ontinuous (or prediction) surface from sampled point values.Visiting every location in a study area to measure the height, concentration, or magnitude of a phenomenon is usually difficult or expensive. Instead, you can measure the phenomenon at strategically dispersed sample locations, and predicted

49、 values can be assigned to all other locations. Input points can be either randomly or regularly spaced or based on a sampling scheme.The continuous surface representation of a raster dataset represents some measure, such as the height, concentration, or magnitude (for example, elevation, acidity, o

50、r noise level). Surface interpolation tools make predictions from sample measurements for all locations in an output raster dataset, whether or not a measurement has been taken at the location.There are a variety of ways to derive a prediction for each location; each method is referred to as a model

51、. With each model, there are different assumptions made of the data, and certain models are more applicable for specific datafor example, one model may account for local variation better than another. Each model produces predictions using different calculations.The interpolation tools are generally

52、divided into deterministic and geostatistical methods.· The deterministic interpolation methods assign values to locations based on the surrounding measured values and on specified mathematical formulas that determine the smoothness of the resulting surface.The deterministic methods include IDW

53、 (inverse distance weighting), Natural Neighbor, Trend, and Spline.· The geostatistical methods are based on statistical models that include autocorrelation (the statistical relationship among the measured points). Because of this, geostatistical techniques not only have the capability of produ

54、cing a prediction surface but also provide some measure of the certainty or accuracy of the predictions.Kriging is a geostatistical method of interpolation.The remaining interpolation tools, Topo to Raster and Topo to Raster by File, use an interpolation method specifically designed for creating con

55、tinuous surfaces from contour lines, and the methods also contain properties favorable for creating surfaces for hydrologic analysis.Explore the following links to learn more about interpolation analysis: The following table lists the available Interpolation tools and provides a brief description of

56、 each. 工具Tool描述Description反距離權重法使用反距離加權法 (IDW) 將點插值成柵格表面。IDWInterpolates a raster surface from points using an inverse distance weighted (IDW) technique.克里金法使用克里金法將點插值成柵格表面。KrigingInterpolates a raster surface from points using kriging.自然鄰域法使用自然鄰域法將點插值成柵格面。Natural NeighborInterpolates a raster surfa

57、ce from points using a natural neighbor technique.樣條函數(shù)使用二維最小曲率樣條法將點插值成柵格表面。生成的平滑表面恰好經(jīng)過輸入點。SplineInterpolates a raster surface from points using a two-dimensional minimum curvature spline technique.The resulting smooth surface passes exactly through the input points.含障礙的樣條函數(shù)通過最小曲率樣條法利用障礙將點插值成柵格表面。障礙以面要素或折線要素的形式輸入。Spline with BarriersInterpolates a raster surface, using barriers, from points using a minimum curvature spline techniq