it用法大全形式賓語形式主語[通用]

1、it用法大全形式賓語形式主語2.4.指距離：It is half an hours walk to the city centre. 1.it作人稱代詞 Everyone knows that _ is dangerous to play with fire, but _ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.A. it, it B. what, whatC. it, what D. what, it.引導詞it1. It is + 被強調部分 + that . 使用該句型有以下幾點請注意： 強調句的謂語is或wa

2、s永遠用單數. It was yesterday that I met your father in the street不管被強調部分是哪種狀語，只能用that連接，不得使用where、when等連詞. It was in the street that I met your father yesterday被強調部分為人時，可用who(主格或賓格)和whom(賓格)代替that，用that也行。1) It was your father that/whom /who I met in the street yesterday2) It was I that/who met your fat

3、her in the street yesterday強調句中也要注意主謂一致、人稱一致和否定轉移的問題。It is they who are our friendsIt was not until ten oclock that we got home last night. it 用作形式主語.1 it代替主語從句1）It is + adj. +that從句 It is clear ( obvious， true， possible certain.) that . “清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）”It is very clear that hes round and tall like a

4、tree. . It is important ( necessary， right， strange， natural.) that . that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. 2）.It is +v-ed +that 從句 It is said (reported， learned.) that . 據說（據報道，據悉）“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. . I

5、t is suggested ( ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that . 主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以??；常譯為“據建議；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. = He is said to have come to Beijing.3）.It +n+that . 1. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that后的從句一般

6、用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 2. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 該句型中that 后的從句應該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬常譯為“是（正是）的時侯” / should+原型 It is time that children went to be

7、d. It is high time that the children should go to school. 3. It is the first ( second . ) time that . “是第一（二）次”。 該句型中的that從句用完成時態(tài)。如果主句動詞be是一般現在時，后面從句用現在完成時態(tài)；如果主句動詞be是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結構中that可以省去。例如：ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadbeenpraised. It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first ti

8、me I have been here. It is no wonder that he didnt want to go.No wonder he didnt want to go. 4. It is no wonder that 在該句型中如果用肯定形式，表示“真奇怪，真是令人驚訝”；It is a wonder that he reused such a good offer.真奇怪，他拒絕了這樣好的幫助。 難怪他不愿去。 4). It+v+that從句 It happens (seems， looks， appears ) that. 該句型中it是形式主語，that 引導的是主語從句

9、，主句中的happen ， seem等詞是不及物動詞。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生病）It seemed as if he were dying.該句型中whether(if) 引導的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為不論（是否）沒關系。It doesnt matter

10、 if they are old.It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . .2.作形式主語替代不定式 1). It takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花費某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 2). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。 常見的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wr

11、ong等。 這個句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 3). It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常見的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 在中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫， 如： It is important for her to come to the

12、party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. It is up to him to clean our classroom today. 今天應由他做教室清潔。 It is up to parents to teach their children manners. 該由父母教孩子禮貌。 4) It is up to sb. to do sth. 5) It is ones turn to do sth. It is your turn to clean our classroom today. 今天該輪到你做教室

13、清潔。 It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good , no use ,useless It is no good learning English without writing English. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock. .3.作形式主語替代ing形式 4). It is/was not until.that.It was not until his mother came back that he turned off the TV. 用It作形

14、式主語的句型：(1) It is adj. to do sth.It is difficult to translate this article.翻譯這篇文章很難。(2) It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.It is important for us to learn English.學習英語對我們很重要。 Its kind of you to help me. 你幫助我真是太好了。(3) It is up to sb. to do sth.“應由某人負責”或“是某人的職責”。Its up to you to decide whether to take the

15、 job or not. 接不接受這份工作由你自己定。(4) It is adj. that-clause It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.關注糧食對我們很重要。(5) It is (no) good/use/useless doing sth. It is no use trying again It is of no use to try again. 再試也沒用。(6) It is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.It is worthwhile spending/to

16、 spend much time on it. 在這件事上花時間是值得的。(7) It happens that-clauseIt happened that John was the only witness.碰巧約翰是唯一的證人。(8) It occurs to/strikes sb.that-clause 某人突然想到 It suddenly occurred to/struck me that I hadnt seen Peter all day. 我突然想到，我一整天都沒看見彼得。(9) It is said/reported/announced/ (well) knownthat

17、It is known to us all that he means well.我們都知道他是好意的。(10) It takes sb. some time to do sth. It took us one month to complete this project. 我們花了一個月完成這項工程。 It 作形式賓語. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的it 作形式賓語，為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為6123結構。 6指主句中常用的動詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；

18、1指的是形式賓語it； 2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞,名詞,分詞。3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或從句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. A. sb+v.+it+that從句They found it difficult that they would finish t

19、heir work in two days.B. 動詞+ it + that從句。常見于like, take, have, put等少數動詞之后。I take it that they will succeed sooner or later.（認為，以為；猜想）我認為他們遲早會成功的。The newspapers have it that some Japanese firms have gone bankrupt.報上說一些日本商號破產了。(have it 聲稱)put itC. 動詞itwhen / if 從句。常見于appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, l

20、ove, hate, prefer等少數動詞之后。We would much appreciate it if you could do us that favour.要是你們能幫我們這個忙，我們將非常感激。Id prefer it if I didnt have to finish the work.要是我不必完成那項工作，那就太好了。d. 動詞+ it +過去分詞+從句。常見于幾個可以帶過去分詞作賓語補足語的動詞之后。I heard it said that that factory was founded in 1995.我聽說那家工廠是1995年創(chuàng)建的。They havent made

21、 it known where the meeting is to take place.他們沒有宣布會議在哪里召開。 e. 動詞 + it + 介詞短語 + that從句。常見于bring it to ones attention; owe it to sb(歸功于); take it for granted 等結構中。I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.多虧有你我才及時完成了工作。Dont take it for granted that they will support you.不要想當然地認為他們會支持你。該句型中的it是一

22、個形式賓語，表示模糊意思或代替后面that 引導的賓語從句。因為在這個句型中的謂語動詞都是需要跟賓語的，但又不能直接跟從句作賓語，于是就得在從句前加上一個形式賓語it。常見的短語和動詞有：count on (依靠，指望，期盼), see to(負責), depend on (依靠), rely on(信賴，依靠)等。 See to it that 注意,務必,保證 We are counting on it that you will come. find possibleS+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /that feel

23、important 除了替代從句，it還可以替代不定式和ing形式 a rule2. S+ V + it + ones duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /that an honour 3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth. no use We think it our duty to clean ourclassroom every day. He felt it no good playing computergames. They found it difficult that they wouldfinish their wo

24、rk in two days. It作形式賓語的句型:(1) 主語vt.(think/consider/feel/suppose/believe etc.) it adj to do sth. I found it difficult to explain to him what happened. 我覺得向他解釋清發(fā)生了什么事很困難。 (2) 主語vt. it useful/useless/no good/no use doing sth. He thought it no use going over the subject again. 他認為再討論這個問題沒有用了。(3) 主語vt.

25、itadj. thatclause He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他沒有明確說明會議在什么時間、什么地點舉行。(5) see to it that務必使，保證使Will you see to it that the luggage is brought back? 你能保證行李會被拿回來嗎？(6) 表示喜歡，恨等心理方面的動詞如:like, love, hate, appreciate, dislike等后加上it作形式賓語，再加上that/if/wh-從句作真正賓語。（詳細解釋見下） Id ap

26、preciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.如果你愿意教我如何用電腦我將不勝感激。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 但我們常會碰到it用作形式賓語時之后沒有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足語的情況，這一點在近幾年高考試題中經常涉及，需引起同學們的注意。I hate_ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET 1998)A. it B. that C. these D. them (答案為: A)我

27、討厭人們一邊吃飯一邊說話。I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (全國卷 2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one (答案為: C)我喜歡秋天晴朗的天氣。以上這兩道高考題中，it用作形式賓語，它的真正的賓語則是由when引導的從句?！癷t”的這種特殊用法常出現在以下幾種結構中。理解了上述幾種情形，不妨完成下列鞏固練習：【答案在下方】1.I would appreciate it_ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appoint

28、ment.（上海卷 2003）A. until B. if C. when D. that 2.I dont think_ possible to master a foreign language without much work. (MET 1990)A. this B. that C. its D. it3.We all took _ for granted that he would agree with us.( MET 1987 )A. it B. him C. that D. what4. _ that you are not late for school again.A.

29、See to B. Look to C. See to it D. Look it to5.Ive often_ that he has great concern for his comrades.A. heard it said B. heard said C. heard said it D. heard it say6.Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too ill to go on working? A. this B. you C. him D. it參考答案：1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6

30、. D Special notice: it be vs there be “是”“有” _ someone at the door. I think _ the man to deliver the milk. Lets hurry! _ a long way to go. _ no need to hurry. We still get much time. _ a wonder that he refuses such a good offer. There isit isThere isThere isIt isIt is? There is?5. _ no doubt that he

31、 has done something bad.6. _ no possibility that he will cheat us.7. _ no good arguing with the unreasonable woman. 8. _ no difference between the two plans.There isThere isIt isThere is9._ was a time when10._ is no denying that11._ is a chance that12_used to be a tree in the house.13._ goes without

32、 saying that不言而喻14._ occurred to sb that15._ is convenient to sb.16.When _ comes to football, I am worse.17._ turned out that18._ hadnt been for the exams, I would have been there. 1. (2005, 全國) The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which

33、D. he 正確答案：A。根據句意：醫(yī)生的建議未起作用。it代替整個句子。 2. (2004,全國) -Do you like_here? -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice. A. this B. these C. that D. It 正確答案：D。根據下文，提問者不能確定被問者喜歡什么，it用于不確定指代或模糊指代。 3. (2000,上海) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C.

34、 who is it D. who it is 正確答案：D。說話時，不知道對方的性別。注意在賓語從句中需用陳述語序。 4. (2007, 全國)Have you heard the latest news? No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 正確答案：A。it指代上文提及的latest news。 。6. (2002,北京) -He was nearly drowned once.-When was _? -_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School. A. that,

35、 It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This 正確答案：A。it指時間。 8.（2005，江蘇）Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those 正確答案：C。分析語境和邏輯關系可以知道：該空指代the air，且有in the city后置定語修飾。9. (2004,北京) The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that th

36、e two sides will work towards peace. A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正確答案：D由句意易知：that從句是真正的主語;it為形式主語。 。12. (2006,全國) It is no _ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. A. use B. help C. time D. way 分析：正確答案：A。為固定結構。13. (2007,天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 正確答案：C。it為形式賓語，clear后的從句為真正的賓語。14. (2006,湖南)As the busiest wo