形容詞和副詞的總復(fù)習(xí)

1、高中英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)高中英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞1）形容詞）形容詞 + 名詞名詞 + ed kind-hearted好心好心的的，fair-haired金發(fā)的金發(fā)的2)形容詞形容詞 + 形容詞形容詞 red-hot熾熱的，熾熱的，dark-blue深藍(lán)的深藍(lán)的3）形容詞）形容詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 good-looking好看好看的的，easy-going隨和的隨和的4）副詞）副詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 hard-working勤勞的勤勞的，fast-moving快速轉(zhuǎn)動的快速轉(zhuǎn)動的5）副詞）副詞 + 過去分詞過去分詞 hard-won得來不易的得來不易的，newly-made新

2、建的新建的一一 復(fù)合形容詞復(fù)合形容詞6）名詞）名詞 + 形容詞形容詞 life-long終生的終生的，world-famous世界聞名的世界聞名的7）名詞）名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 peace-loving愛好和平愛好和平的的，fun-loving愛開玩笑的愛開玩笑的8）名詞）名詞 + 過去分詞過去分詞 snow-covered白雪覆白雪覆蓋的蓋的，hand-made手工的手工的9）數(shù)詞）數(shù)詞 + 名詞名詞 + ed four-storeyed 4層樓層樓的的，three-legged 3條腿的條腿的10）數(shù)詞）數(shù)詞 + 名詞（名詞用單數(shù)）名詞（名詞用單數(shù)） ten-year 10年的年的,

3、two-man兩人的兩人的A）形容詞短語作定語）形容詞短語作定語 a language difficult to masterB）表語形容詞（）表語形容詞（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等等）作）作定語，定語后置。如定語，定語后置。如a child asleep, the greatest man alive二二 定語后置定語后置C） 修飾由不定代詞修飾由不定代詞one、no、any、some和和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如anything、something等時等時 Eg. Is there anything interesting in

4、 todays newspaper?D）else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語。置定語。What else do you know?E）enough、nearby修飾名詞前置或后修飾名詞前置或后置，但修飾形容詞、副詞時，必須后置置，但修飾形容詞、副詞時，必須后置。1. Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way _ to the Home Cirele Building. (2006湖南) A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. eno

5、ugh easily C2. If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places. (1998全國)A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough解析：形容詞解析：形容詞long要放所修飾的名詞要放所修飾的名詞holiday前；前；副詞副詞enough要放在所修飾的要放在所修飾的long之后，故選之后，故選A。A3. _, some famous scie

6、ntists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春) A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strangeA解析：由語境可知，選項是修飾整個句子的狀語，應(yīng)用解析：由語境可知，選項是修飾整個句子的狀語，應(yīng)用副詞，排除選項副詞，排除選項C和和D；又因；又因enough修飾副詞要放在所修飾副詞要放在所修飾的副詞后，排除修飾的副詞后，排除B。答案是。答案是A。 4. _to take this adventure c

7、ourse will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全國) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough braveC1. What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! During the winter I like my house _. (2005上海春) A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfort

8、able C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortableBF. 形容詞或形容詞短語表示伴隨狀況、原因、結(jié)形容詞或形容詞短語表示伴隨狀況、原因、結(jié)果等。果等。 He went to bed, cold and hungry. He went to bed, drunk.2. He drives much _than he did three years ago. (1981全國) A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefullyD3. Tom sounds very much _

9、in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. (2006安徽) A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly解析：句中解析：句中sounds意為意為“聽起來聽起來”，是系動詞，后，是系動詞，后接表語，要用形容詞，排除接表語，要用形容詞，排除C和和D；又因表示；又因表示“對對感興趣感興趣”，用，用interested。答案是。答案是A。A4. All the people _at the party were his supporters. (2002北京)

10、 A. important B. thankful C. interested D. presentD限定詞（ first , all, both, those, your）+數(shù)詞 (three, next)+描繪詞 (beautiful, strong) + 大?。ǜ叩停?large, small, )+形狀(round, long) +新舊(new, old)+顏色(red, green)+國籍(Chinese)+材料(iron, stone)+被修飾的名詞“限定詞限定詞+數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+ +描繪詞描繪詞+ +大小大小+ +形狀形狀+ +新舊新舊+ +顏色顏色+ +國籍國籍+ +材材料料” 限數(shù)

11、描大形新顏國材限數(shù)描大形新顏國材(美小圓舊黃美小圓舊黃,法國木書房法國木書房)The first beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge三三 副詞副詞/形容詞的排序形容詞的排序1. The _ house smells as if it hasnt been lived in for years. 2004江蘇 A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little A2. _ students are required

12、to take part in the boat race. 2004浙江 A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese A3. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. (2004遼寧) A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white

13、B4.This _girl is Lindas cousin. (2005北京) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty SpanishA5.-How was your recent visit to Qingdao? -It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _days at the seaside. (1995全國) A. few last sunny B. last few sun

14、ny C. last sunny few D. few sunny lastB四：考查四：考查ed形容詞和形容詞和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別形容詞的區(qū)別-ed形容詞，形容詞， 修飾人，意為修飾人，意為“(某人某人)感到感到”；-ing形容詞，修飾事物，意為形容詞，修飾事物，意為“(某事物某事物)令令人人”1. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. (2004重慶) A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry

15、A2.It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. (2003上海) A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interestD五：考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異五：考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異 即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構(gòu)構(gòu)成的副詞的區(qū)別。成的副詞的區(qū)別。It was raining heavil

16、y. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _to her mother. (2002北京) A. close B. closely C. closed D. closingA兼有兩種形式的副詞兼有兩種形式的副詞 close與與closely close意思是意思是“近近”； closely 意思是意思是“仔細(xì)地仔細(xì)地” He is sitting _ to me. Watch him_.1)late 與與lately late意思是意思是“晚晚”； lately 意思是意思是“最近最近” You have come too_. What have you b

17、een doing_?closecloselylatelately3) deep與與deeplydeep意思是意思是“深深”，表示時間和空間深度；，表示時間和空間深度； deeply時常表示感情上的深度，時常表示感情上的深度，深深地深深地 He pushed the stick _into the mud. He often works _into the night. Even father was _moved by the film. 4) high與與highlyhigh表示空間高度；表示空間高度； highly表示程度，相當(dāng)于表示程度，相當(dāng)于much The plane was fl

18、ying_. I think _of your opinion.deepdeepdeeplyhighhighly5) wide與與widely wide表示空間寬度；表示空間寬度；widely意思是意思是“廣泛地廣泛地”， “在許多地方在許多地方” He opened the door_. English is _ used in the world.6) free與與freely free的意思是的意思是“免費(fèi)免費(fèi)”；freely 的意思是的意思是“無限無限 制地制地“ You can eat _in my restaurant whenever you like. You may spea

19、k_; say what you like. widewidelyfreefreelyl) close closely2) Free freely3) hard hardly4) late lately5) most mostly6) wide widely7) high highly8) deep deeply9) loud loudly10) near nearly接近地接近地仔細(xì)地，密切地仔細(xì)地，密切地免費(fèi)地免費(fèi)地自由地，無拘束地自由地，無拘束地努力地努力地幾乎不幾乎不晚，遲晚，遲近來近來極，非常極，非常主要地主要地廣泛地廣泛地高高高度地高度地深，遲深，遲抽象意義的抽象意義的“深深”大聲

20、地大聲地大聲地大聲地(含有含有喧鬧的意思喧鬧的意思)鄰近鄰近幾乎幾乎寬寬用用asas ,the same as, suchas, not so/asas引導(dǎo)：引導(dǎo)：亨利和皮特一樣是個好工人。亨利和皮特一樣是個好工人。 Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is).=Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is).=Henry is such a good worker as Peter (is)他的名字和他爸爸的一樣。他的名字和他爸爸的一樣。 His name is the same as his fathers (name).

21、六六 同級程度的比較同級程度的比較*倍數(shù)表示法倍數(shù)表示法:A is 3 times as large as BA is twice larger than BA is 3 times the size of B1. A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _ strong as 113 miles per hour. (2006上海) A. too B. very C. so D. asD2. John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself

22、. A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight asB3. John plays football_, if not better than, David. (1994全國全國) A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as B4. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _a native sp

23、eaker. (2004上海上海) A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently thanC 5. Our neighbour has _ ours. (2003北北京京) A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big asB6. It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science. (2001全國

24、全國)A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 解析：由固定搭配解析：由固定搭配“as+形容詞形容詞+(a/an+)名名詞詞+as” 可排除選項可排除選項A，B和和C。答案是。答案是D。D7. The products in that shop may be _ than those in others, but _ . A. more cheap; not as good B. cheaper; not as good C. cheaper; not as better D. m

25、ore cheap; not as better8. Peter is _ as Mike, I think. A. so good a student B. a so good student C. as good a student D. as a good studentBC看似同級比較的習(xí)慣用語看似同級比較的習(xí)慣用語: :As long asAs far asAs soon asAs well asAs good as (very nearly)只要只要; ; 有有之久之久到到地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn); ; 就就而言而言一一就就既既又又與與幾乎一樣幾乎一樣只要活著只要活著, , 就要工作就要工作據(jù)我所

26、知據(jù)我所知, , 他已經(jīng)離開了他已經(jīng)離開了. .我一到那里就會給你打電話的我一到那里就會給你打電話的. .他既有知識又有經(jīng)驗他既有知識又有經(jīng)驗. .他就差沒叫我懦夫了他就差沒叫我懦夫了. .I will work as long as I live.As far as I know, he has left already.I will ring you as soon as I get there.He has experience as well as knowledge.He as good as called me coward.修飾比較級修飾比較級even / still / rat

27、her much / far/ a lot/ a great deal 比較級比較級a little/ a bitWe are working still harder now. 現(xiàn)在我們工作更加努力?，F(xiàn)在我們工作更加努力。2) 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+ 名詞比較級名詞比較級他比他爸爸高兩英寸。他比他爸爸高兩英寸。 eg. He is two inches taller than his father. (或說或說He is taller than his father by two inches. ) 3)隱含比較級1.I dont think this film is by far the most b

28、oring. I have seen_ . (2006江西江西) A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst 解析：由前文“我認(rèn)為這部電影不是最沒趣的”可知，“我看過(比這部)更差的電影”，省略了than this one。答案是B。B2.Professor White has written some short stories, but he is_ known for his plays. (1998全國全國) A. the best B. more C. better D. the most解析：由語境可知他的戲劇比他的短篇小說更出名，用比較

29、級，排除A和D；又由be well known可知，用better。答案是C。 C3. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. NMET2004 A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest解析解析：選：選A. 句意為：句意為：Mary總是稱自己的體重，總是稱自己的體重，看看（比過去）重了多少。要使用比較級，但不看看（比過去）重了多少。要使用比較級，但不需要冠詞。需要冠詞。A 4)否定式否定式+比較級：有最高級含義比較級：有最高級含義Your story

30、is perfect; Ive never heard _ before. (2006全國全國II) A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one 解析：相當(dāng)于省略了解析：相當(dāng)于省略了than your storythan your story。句。句意是意是“你的故事非常完美；我以前從沒聽說你的故事非常完美；我以前從沒聽說過比這更好的故事。過比這更好的故事?！贝鸢甘谴鸢甘荂C。C5)least +原級原級 (最不最不) The salesman showed her several bags and she c

31、hose _one as she didnt want to spend too much time on it. (1991上海上海) A. the less expensive B. less expensive C. the least expensive D. least expensive 解析：在解析：在several bagsseveral bags中選出一個最便宜的，中選出一個最便宜的，要用最高級；又因作定語的最高級形容詞前要用最高級；又因作定語的最高級形容詞前必須用必須用thethe，故選，故選CC。C6)the+比較級比較級, the+比較級比較級As far as I a

32、m concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn,_. (2002上海上海)A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped forD. with them to play basketball B 7.(1)no +比較級比較級than 表示所比較的兩種表示所比較的兩種事物都有與形容詞或副詞相反的意義。事物都有與形容詞或副詞相反的意義。 You a

33、re no taller than me =you are as short as me.not +比較級比較級than.表示前后兩者都肯定，表示前后兩者都肯定，但但“前者不如后者前者不如后者” You are not taller than me.你不比我你不比我高高. （肯定兩者都高，但前者沒有后者高）（肯定兩者都高，但前者沒有后者高）（2）.no less than +數(shù)詞數(shù)詞“居然有，竟居然有，竟然有；不下于然有；不下于之多；多達(dá)之多；多達(dá)”表示一種表示一種驚奇的情緒，相當(dāng)于驚奇的情緒，相當(dāng)于“as much/many as ”not less than+數(shù)詞數(shù)詞“不少于不少于；至少至

34、少.” （3）no more than +數(shù)詞數(shù)詞“僅僅；只有僅僅；只有”數(shù)量之少數(shù)量之少 not more than +數(shù)詞數(shù)詞“至多至多；不超過不超過.”(4). more thanThere are more than three thousand studentsin our college. 不僅僅不僅僅She more than kept her promise. (他他非常非常遵守他的諾言）遵守他的諾言）Its more blue than green. (與其說與其說它是綠的，它是綠的，不如說不如說它是藍(lán)的）它是藍(lán)的）He is more a writer than a rep

35、orter.與其說他是記者，不如說是作家。與其說他是記者，不如說是作家。more A than B = less B than A 與其說與其說B不如說不如說A。 He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作時，與其說是反應(yīng)慢不如說是懶。他工作時，與其說是反應(yīng)慢不如說是懶。 與其說與其說AnnAnn不友好不友好, , 不如說她害羞不如說她害羞. . (morethan)(morethan) 不止一個學(xué)生被發(fā)給了音樂會的票不止一個學(xué)生被發(fā)給了音樂會的票. (more . (m

36、ore than)than) 他不僅僅是我的一個老師他不僅僅是我的一個老師. . TomTom不比不比JimJim仔細(xì)仔細(xì).(not morethan).(not morethan) TomTom的仔細(xì)程度的仔細(xì)程度不亞于不亞于Jim. (Jim. (not lessthannot lessthan) )He is more than a teacher of me.More than one student was given the ticket of the concert.Ann is more shy than unfriendly.Tom is not more careful t

37、han Jim.Tom is not less careful than Jim.10.Of the two brothers, Li Ping is _. A. the youngerB. younger C. the youngestD. youngest11. _ in this text than in that one. A. There are words more B. Words are more C. There are more words D. There are many words12.This news is _ important than that one. A

38、. little B. smallerC. fewer D. less13. Four of Roberts children were at the party, including _. Luke. (NMET2003春) A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one 14.My _ brother is studying in U.S. A now. A. olderB. elderC. oldD. oldestv注意：注意：elder 和和eldest 只表示兄弟姐妹之間的長幼只表示兄弟姐妹之間的長幼關(guān)系，不能與關(guān)系，不

39、能與than 連用。連用。Check point2:比較級的結(jié)構(gòu) 1.比較級比較級+ than + 比較對象比較對象 2. as + 原級原級 + as + 比較對象比較對象 not +as/ so +原級原級 + as + 比較對象比較對象 他和你一樣高他和你一樣高. 我們班和你們班有一樣多的學(xué)生我們班和你們班有一樣多的學(xué)生. 數(shù)學(xué)和物理一樣重要數(shù)學(xué)和物理一樣重要. 這條河和那條河并不一樣深這條河和那條河并不一樣深. This river isnt as/so deep as that one. He is as tall as you.There are as many students

40、in our class as in your class.Maths is as important as physics. Check point2:比較級的結(jié)構(gòu) 當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)名詞時，當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)名詞時， 通常將名詞放在比較通常將名詞放在比較級結(jié)構(gòu)中級結(jié)構(gòu)中 I havent seen as old a car as this. =I havent seen a car as old as this for year. 3.降級比較用降級比較用“l(fā)ess形容詞、副詞原級形容詞、副詞原級than 從句從句”意為意為“沒比沒比.” He runs less fast than me16.

41、He couldnt catch up with the thief though he had kept running, for he was _ a child. A. more than B. no more than C. not less thanD. no less than15. Boris has brain. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _IQ. (NMET2002) A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest 16. That doesnt so

42、und very frightening, Paul. Ive seen _. What did you like most about the film? 2004湖南 A. better B. worse C. best D. worst 17. How beautiful she sings! I have never heard _. A. the better voiceB. a good voice C. the best voiceD. a better voice 比較級中用否定詞比較級中用否定詞no， never， nothing或否定句中表或否定句中表示最高級含義。示最高級

43、含義。 I have never seen a nicer picture. I couldnt agree more . Check point3:比較級表示最高級 中國是亞洲最大的國家。中國是亞洲最大的國家。China is the largest country in Asia.China is larger than any other country in Asia.China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.China is larger than the other countries in Asia.比較級表示

44、最高級的結(jié)構(gòu) the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞1.比較級比較級+than+ any other + 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞 any of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞2.比較級比較級+ than + anything/ anyone else She loves music better than anything else. (= She loves music best. ) He works harder than anyone else in his class.3. 比較級中用否定詞比較級中用否定詞no， never， nothing或否定句或否定句中表示最高級含義。中表示最高級

45、含義。 I have never seen a nicer picture. I couldnt agree more . 18. This book will cost_ than that one. A. muchB. more expensive C. expensiveD. much more19. This apple is _ than yours. A. far biggerB. more bigger C. not bigD. much more big 20. Many people think the new teaching building should have be

46、en built _. A. a few higher B. a little higher C. a bit highD. few higher在形容詞比較級前用在形容詞比較級前用much, far, a lot, a great deal, even, still, twice, three times, 25%, 3/5, a bit, a little, rather, slightly等程度狀語，或用等程度狀語，或用an inch, one kilo, two miles, an hour 等表示計量的程度狀語。等表示計量的程度狀語。 This room is much bright

47、er than that one. Im spending a lot more time on English than before. This book is even more useful than that one. The book is two inches thicker than that one. This year well produce 75% more colour TV sets than we did last year. Check point4:比較級前的修飾語21. We are working in different companies, and h

48、e earns _ money as _. A. as three times; I B. so three times; me C. three times as; mine D. three times as much; I 22. After the new manager came, this factory produced _ goods last year as in 1991. A. twice as manyB. as twice many C. as many twice D. twice many as23It is reported that the United St

49、ates uses energy as the whole of Europe . NMET2004 A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as muchCheck point6:倍數(shù)的表示法 1. 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字 + times + 比較級比較級 + than This room is three times larger than our classroom. 2. 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + times + as + 原級原級 + as 3. 倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+ times + the size（length） of 4. 分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)+ of + Ou

50、r classroom is one third of this room.但：但：as much as 與表示數(shù)量、時間、價格、距離、等與表示數(shù)量、時間、價格、距離、等計量單位的名詞連用時，往往不表示比較而是構(gòu)計量單位的名詞連用時，往往不表示比較而是構(gòu)成一個形容詞詞組，意為成一個形容詞詞組，意為“重達(dá)重達(dá)，多達(dá)，多達(dá)，高達(dá)高達(dá)，深達(dá)，深達(dá)” On Sports Day,during the relay race, you will use as much as 650 calories an hour.24. I have become _and _ in playing football.

51、 A. much; much interesting B. more; more interested C. more; more interesting D. much; more interestedCheck point7.用用“比較級比較級+and+比較級比較級”的的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示事物本身程度的增長，譯為結(jié)構(gòu)來表示事物本身程度的增長，譯為“越來越來越越”The weather is getting colder and colder.The city is becoming more and more beautiful.She felt herself becoming more and more nervous. 25.The _you work, the _ points youll get in the exams. A. few; littleB. fewer; fewer C. less; fewerD. less; lessCheck point8: 用用“the+比較級，比較級，the +比較級比較級” 譯為譯為“越越(就就)越越The poorer the workers were, the rich