人教版英語必修五unit1Language-points

1、Language Points重點難點探究詞匯精研1 Who put forward a theory about black holes?誰提出的黑洞理論？品味經(jīng)典He _ _a very good suggestion at the meeting.他在會上提了一個很好的建議。The suggestion _ _by our teacher proved to be very practical.由我們的老師提出的建議證明是非常實用的。 put forwardput forward【助記】自我探究put forward意為提出(計劃、建議等)。歸納拓展He came up with a g

2、ood idea at the meeting.他在會上提出了一個好主意。The question came up at the meeting.這個問題在會議上被提出。牛刀小試翻譯句子(1)他拒絕了委員會提出的所有建議。_答案：He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空(2)The plan that you put _ at the meeting is wonderful.(3)Many tall buildings were put _ along the road.(4)Firefight

3、ers have been called to put _ the fire in the city centre.(5)He has a little money to put _ for a rainy day.(6)Dont put _ until tomorrow what can be done today.答案：(2)forward(3)up(4)out(5)aside(6)off2 Draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論品味經(jīng)典It is difficult to_ _ _ _.很難得出一個清楚的結(jié)論。You should bring the matter to an ear

4、ly_.你應(yīng)該把事情早日了結(jié)。draw a clear conclusionconclusion自我探究conclusion n結(jié)論；結(jié)束。它的動詞形式是conclude。歸納拓展_ _，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.總而言之，我想說我今天玩得很開心。He _his speech by reading a poem.他以朗誦一首詩結(jié)束了他的演講。What can you _fromthese facts?從這些事實中你能得出什么結(jié)論？In conclusionconcludedconclude牛刀小試完成句子他

5、用有力的證據(jù)得出這個結(jié)論，并在會議上展示。He _ and presented it at the conference.答案：drew the conclusion with the supporting evidence3 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”約翰斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王”品味經(jīng)典The army _the enemy in the end.軍隊最終戰(zhàn)勝了敵人。Tom suffered _in the English examination.湯姆英語考試中失敗了。defeateddefeat自我探究defeat vt.打敗；戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫n失敗。易混辨析d

6、efeat，beat，windefeat表示在戰(zhàn)斗、競爭、比賽、辯論中擊敗對手賓語是對手beat主要指在比賽、競爭中擊敗對手賓語是對手win表示贏得勝利、比賽、辯論、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、錢等賓語是比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎品等Yesterday I _John at chess.He _only one set，while I _two sets.昨天我和約翰下棋贏了他。他只贏了一盤，而我贏了兩盤。defeat/beatwonwon牛刀小試完成句子我能聽到雨擊打著窗戶。I could hear the rain _ the windows.答案：beating against4 John Snow was a f

7、amous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her person physician.約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛，因而成了維多利亞女王的私人大夫。(1)expert品味經(jīng)典All the young men are _players.所有這些年輕人都是熟練的隊員。an agricultural _農(nóng)業(yè)專家expertexpert自我探究expert adj.熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的 n專家；行家。歸納拓展Tom is expert in writing reports.Tom

8、 is an expert in writing reports.湯姆很善于寫報告。(2)attend品味經(jīng)典Dr.Smith _ her in hospital.史密斯醫(yī)生在醫(yī)院給她治病。_ (on) a patient 看護病人attendedattend自我探究attend vt.照顧；護理。作“照顧；護理”講時，可用attend，也可用attend on/upon。歸納拓展attend 還有“出席；參加”的意思，相當(dāng)于be present at。還可用作不及物動詞，意為“專心；注意聽”。(1)attend school/class/church 上學(xué)/上課/去教堂attend a le

9、cture/ meeting 聽演講/參加會議 (2)attend to 專心于；處理；照顧；接待Attend to your work and stop talking.專心工作，不要說話。(3)因為能照顧父母我心里充滿喜悅。My heart was filled with gladness because I was able to _.答案：attend my parents5 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助(那些)受到霍亂威

10、脅的普通老百姓時，他就會感到振奮。品味經(jīng)典She always _her skin _direct sunlight.她總是使皮膚直接暴露于陽光下。Dont _the film _ light.不要使照片曝光。He _the plan _ that newspaper.他向那家報紙透露了這個計劃。exposetoexposetoexposedto自我探究expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受(危險等)；使接觸到。 歸納拓展【助記】6 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。品味經(jīng)典There

11、 is no known cure but the illness can be treated.這種病尚沒有確切的治愈方法，但可以醫(yī)治。a cure for a disease醫(yī)治某種病的藥/療法自我探究cure nC，U意為治愈；療法。歸納拓展This medicine will cure you of your headache.這種藥可治好你的頭疼。 He was cured of his habit of drinking last year.他去年已改掉喝酒的壞習(xí)慣了。牛刀小試用treat，cure填空(1)Which doctor is going to _ him for hi

12、s illness?答案：treat(2)This new medicine soon _ my cold.答案：cure完成句子(3)When I left hospital _ (我完全痊愈了)答案：I was completely cured(4)This job _ (將會治好他的懶病)答案：will cure him of his laziness7 The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們是在吃飯時把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的。品味經(jīng)典

13、Cotton gloves absorb sweat.棉手套吸汗。So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once.這么多好主意！太多了，我很難一下子完全吸收。The old man was completely absorbed in the book.老人全神貫注地讀這本書。自我探究absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使專心。【助記】歸納拓展(1)absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意(2)absorb. into. 吸收到；吞并(3)be absorbed in (doing) sth.put on

14、es heart into (doing) sth.be buried in (doing) sth.fix ones attention on. 專心于(做)某事，全神貫注于(做)某事The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.四周的小城鎮(zhèn)已并入這座城市。牛刀小試完成句子他如此專心地看電視，以至于沒有注意到我進(jìn)來。He was so _ that he didnt notice me coming in.答案：absorbed in watching TV1 He _ _a very good suggestion

15、 at the meeting.他在會上提了一個很好的建議。2 He _ _ _a good idea at the meeting.他在會上提出了一個好主意。3翻譯句子他拒絕了委員會提出的所有建議。4 It is difficult to_ _ _ _.很難得出一個清楚的結(jié)論。5 He _his speech by reading a poem.他以朗誦一首詩結(jié)束了他的演講。put forwardcame up with答案：He rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.draw a clear conclusionco

16、ncluded6 Yesterday I _John at chess.He _only one set，while I _two sets.defeated/beatwonwon7 My heart was filled with gladness because I was able to _.attend my parentsexpert8 All the young men are _players.9 He _the plan _ that newspaper.exposedto小測8 John Snow _that the second theory was correct but

17、 he needed evidence.約翰斯諾推測第二種說法是正確的，但需要有證據(jù)。suspected品味經(jīng)典We suspect her motives.我們懷疑她的動機。The police quizzed the suspect.警察盤問了這個嫌疑犯。自我探究suspect vt.懷疑，認(rèn)為是；n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯。歸納拓展She_ _ _ _ _ _她懷疑他拿走了她的手表。We_ _ _ _ _.我們猜想他病了。I began to suspect (that)_ _ _ _ _ _ _.我開始懷疑他們試圖擺脫我。suspected him of taking her watch.s

18、uspected him to be illthey were trying to get rid of me易混辨析9 It seemed that the water was to _看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。blame.品味經(jīng)典Either he or I am to blame.該受責(zé)備的不是他就是我。自我探究blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé) nU 過失；責(zé)備。歸納拓展You shouldnt blame John _the failure.You shouldnt blame the failure _John.你們不應(yīng)該把這次失敗怪在約翰頭上。foron10 He immediately to

19、ld the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the _from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰斯諾馬上叫寬街上驚慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。這樣，水泵就用不成了。handle品味經(jīng)典Then he turned the handle and went in.然后他轉(zhuǎn)動把手，走了進(jìn)去。自我探究handle n意為把手。歸納拓展Do you know how to handle the computer?你知道怎樣使用這臺電腦嗎？Some customers are quite diffi

20、cult to handle.有些顧客很難對付。易混辨析handle，deal withhandle表示在處置過程中應(yīng)付自如deal with表示應(yīng)付的人或事比較麻煩或復(fù)雜，含有要解決問題的意思牛刀小試完成句子(1)誰能把這個問題處理得最好？Who can best _？答案：handle the problem(2)別擔(dān)心，史密斯先生，問題已經(jīng)解決了。Dont worry，Mr.Smith._.答案：Its already been dealt with11 In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two oth

21、er deaths that were _ _the Broad Street outbreak.在倫敦的另一個地區(qū)，他從兩個與布洛德街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中找到了有力的證據(jù)。linked to品味經(jīng)典For centuries farmers have linked the behavior of animals to changes in the weather.幾個世紀(jì)以來農(nóng)民們一直把動物行為與天氣變化聯(lián)系在一起。自我探究link.to.意為將和聯(lián)系或連接起來。The new tunnel _Britain _France.新的隧道把英法兩國連接起來。linksto12 With

22、this extra evidence John Snow was able to _with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了這個額外的證據(jù)，約翰斯諾就能夠肯定地宣布這種被污染了的水?dāng)y帶有這種病毒。announce品味經(jīng)典The vote was completed.The chairman _the result.投票完畢，主席宣布了結(jié)果。The teacher _that there would be no school tomorrow.老師通知說明天沒有課。announcedannounced自我探究announce

23、 vt.宣布；通告。歸納拓展注意：announce后不接雙賓語。The news was announced to the public on TV.這則消息經(jīng)由電視向大眾宣布。The captain announced that the plane was going to land.機長宣布飛機就要著陸了。It is announced that she is going to Japan next week.據(jù)悉下個星期她要去日本。Attention，please! I have an announcement to make.大家請注意，我有事要通知。易混辨析announce，decl

24、areannounceannounce指正式地“公開；發(fā)表；宣布”，側(cè)重“預(yù)告”人們所關(guān)心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞之類的消息。declaredeclare指正式地、明確地向公眾“宣布；宣告；聲明”，側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾”發(fā)表，多用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和、宣判等(含“鄭重其事”之意)。declare后可跟復(fù)合賓語。John announced to us his engagement to Mary.約翰向我們宣布他和瑪麗訂婚的消息。In 1897 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiat

25、ion.1897年他們宣布他們相信在自然界存在著能發(fā)出輻射的某種東西。They declared him (to be) a traitor to the country.他們公開宣布他是國家的叛徒。牛刀小試用announce，declare的正確形式填空(1)The government has _ plans to create 10,000 new jobs.(2)In April the Americans _ war on Germany and entered the war.答案：(1)announced(2)declared13 The water companies were

26、 instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自來水公司也接到指令，不能再讓人們接觸被污染的水了。品味經(jīng)典He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往紐約。歸納拓展instruct vt.意為命令；指示；教導(dǎo)。歸納拓展(1)instruct sb.to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事instruct sb.in sth.給某人講授某事；指導(dǎo)某人某事(2)instruction n教授；指導(dǎo)；(pl.)用法說明(書)，操作指南instructive adj.說明性的，指示性的

27、，有教育意義的instructor n輔導(dǎo)員，講師He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.他吩咐我把東西送去給顧客。He instructs a class in history.他教授一個班的歷史。She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用電話。牛刀小試完成句子(1)_ (總是閱讀說明)on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.答案：Always read the instructions(2)_(我得

28、到指示)to wait here until the lecturer arrives.答案：Ive been instructed14 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。 句型巧析品味經(jīng)典Neither she nor I am good at English.她和我都不擅長英語。The children are neither in the room nor in the garden.孩子們既不在屋里，也不在花園里。He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats me

29、at.他不喝酒、不抽煙，也不吃肉。自我探究neither .nor.表示“既不也不”，用來連接兩個并列成分，如果連接兩個主語，謂語動詞采取就近一致原則。歸納拓展牛刀小試完成句子(1)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and _(我也不高興)答案：neither was I(2)If Joes wife doesnt go to the party，_(他也不去)答案：neither will he15 So many thousands of terrified people died every time ther

30、e was an outbreak.每次霍亂爆發(fā)時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。品味經(jīng)典Every time I went to Beijing，I would visit the Great Wall.我每次去北京都會去參觀長城。Every time I see him，he is working hard.我每次見到他時，他都在拼命地工作。自我探究every time 作連詞用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，與each time相同，意為每次。歸納拓展The last time he saw Jane，she was lying in bed.他最后一次見到簡時，她正躺在床上。牛刀小試完成句子(1)我一

31、見到你就認(rèn)出是你。I recognized you _.答案：the instant I saw you(2)他到達(dá)的當(dāng)天便去拜訪了他的老朋友。He called on him _.答案：the day he arrived(3)他們每次見面都會談?wù)摵荛L時間。_ they would talk long hours together.答案：Each time they met16 (1)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.第一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖。(2)To prevent this from happening

32、 again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生，約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。品味經(jīng)典Her pale face suggested that she was ill.她蒼白的臉表明她生病了。All of them suggested that the work should be started at once.他們建議立刻開始工作。自我探究句(1)中的suggest意為“暗示；表明”，其后所接的賓語從句不使用虛擬語氣，要用陳述語氣。句(2)中的sug

33、gest意為建議，其后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should動詞原形”，其中should可省略。牛刀小試用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)I suggest that you _ (phone) the teacher before you leave.(2)I suggest _(talk) to a lawyer before you do anything.(3)All the evidence suggests that the problem _(improve) in recent years.答案：(1)(should) phone(2)talking(3)has imp

34、roved JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.This was the deadly disease of its day.Neither its cause nor

35、 its cure was understood.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.譯文助讀He became interested in two theories that possibly explained

36、 how cholera killed people.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and so

37、on the affected person died.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.So when another outbreak hit London in 1854，he was ready to begin his enquiry.As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods，he began to gather information.In two particular streets，t

38、he cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why.First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Bro

39、ad Street(especially numbers 16,37,38 and 40)He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street)had had no deaths.He had not foreseen this，so hemade further investigations.He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been

40、 given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump.It seemed that the water was to blame.Next，John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.He immediately told the astonished people in Broad

41、 Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to h