2019版高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)習(xí)選題 Unit 5 Nelson Mandel-a modern hero

1、Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernhero李仕才一、閱讀理解。Followingthecrowdmaynotalwaysbeinapersonsbestinterest.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.Scientistshaveknownthatclosefriendshipshelpboosthealth.Thatstrueforbothteensandadults.ThefindinginspiredJosephAllen，apsycho

2、logistattheUniversityofVirginia，andhisteamtostudywhetherexperiencesduringteenyearswouldinfluenceadulthealth.，Sotheyfollowed171teens，startingwhenthekidswerejust13.Theyinterviewedeachoneeveryyearforfiveyearsandalsospoketotheseteensclosestfriendswhoprovidedadditionalinformationaboutthequalityoftheirfri

3、endships.Thesame171peoplewereinterviewedagainatages25,26and27.Thistime,thequestionssurveyedeachpersonsoverallhealth.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthedatatheyfoundastrongconnectionbetweenateensbehaviorandadulthealth.Teenswhohadclosefriendsgrewuptobethehealthieradults.Whetherteensheldbacktheirfeelingsorex

4、pressedthemtoclosefriendsalsoinfluencedlaterhealth.Thosewhoheldbacktheirfeelingsweremorelikelytobesickasadults.Theconnectionheldupevenafterthescientistsaccountedforotherpossibleinfluencesonhealth.Weight，familyincomeanddrugusewereallexamined.Sowerementalhealthissues，suchasanxietyanddepression.Andinth

5、esepeople，suchotherfactorsdidnotexplainadulthealthaswellasteenfriendshipsdid.，Gettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefits，saysAllen，buttherearealsodrawbacks.Teenswhoaremoreindependenttendtodobetteratschoolandwork.Andpeerpressuremayleadsomekidstoengageinriskybehaviorsuchassmoking，drinkingorusingdrugs.Dea

6、lingwithitisanongoingchallenge，Allenacknowledges.“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldntloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”And，headds，“Parentsneedtobeunderstandingaboutthepressuresteensface.”1Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?ASciencefiction.BHealthcolumn.CFashionmagazine.DEntertainmentnewspaper

7、.12WecanlearnfromAllensstudythat_.AmanyotherfactorshaveagreaterinfluenceonadulthealththanteenfriendshipsBmentalhealthissueshavenothingtodowithadulthealthCthesame171teenswereinterviewedeachyearfrom13to27Dtheteenswhocouldntexpressthemselvesgrewuptobeunhealthy3AccordingtowhatAllensaid，wecanknowthat_.Ai

8、nordertodobetteratschool，teensshouldnotfollowthecrowdBthoughitschallengingforteenstodealwithpeerpressure，theyshouldnotgiveupCteenswillengageinsmoking，drinkingorusingdrugswhenfacingpeerpressureDparentsshouldunderstandtheirteensandstopthemgoingwithfriends4Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?AThereisnothin

9、gbadforteenstofollowthecrowd.BClosefriendshipsarethemostimportantforpeopleshealth.CTeenfriendshipsmayhelpteensbecomehealthieradults.DAdulthealthisonlyinfluencedbyteenfriendships.【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表明，與朋友較少或者沒有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在長(zhǎng)大后更健康。當(dāng)然，與朋友相處也有壞處。1B考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時(shí)的友誼對(duì)青少年成年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識(shí)類文章，故可判斷，本

10、文可能選自“健康專欄”，故B項(xiàng)正確。2D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whetherteensheldback.sickasadults”可知，青少年是否向他們的好朋友表達(dá)情感也會(huì)影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D項(xiàng)正確。3B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同時(shí)也會(huì)帶來不利影響，即周圍同齡人帶來的壓力，這些壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問題。分析Allen的話“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldntloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy”可以判斷，青少年要應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓

11、力，找到正確的平衡點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，不能因?yàn)楹茈y找到平衡點(diǎn)就灰心喪氣。故選B。C4C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會(huì)更加健康。項(xiàng)意為“青少年時(shí)期的友誼會(huì)幫助青少年成為更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Gettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefits，saysAllen，buttherearealsodrawbacks”可知，與朋友相處有好

12、2處，但是也有一定的缺點(diǎn)，故A項(xiàng)與文意不符；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“themost”，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“only”，都太過于絕對(duì)。二、單句語法填空1Nowtheirpeacetalkshavereachedakeystage_onesidemustgiveintotheother.答案：where當(dāng)先行詞是case,position,stage等抽象名詞，且在從句中作狀語，表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，定語從句使用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。2Frommyfirstjobattherestaurant,Ilearnedteamworkand_(devote)答案：devotion由teamworkand可知，此處填名詞devotion

13、“奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)”，作賓語。3Whenananimalis_attackitcanrunawayorfightback.答案：underunderattack“受到攻擊”。4Shestartedsingingtothebabyand_(reward)withasmile.答案：wasrewardedrewardsb.withasmile“對(duì)某人報(bào)以微笑”，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescape_(fire)byhisboss.答案：beingfiredescapebeingfired“免于

14、被解雇”。6Ihavesometrouble_(read)theletter,becausehishandwritingisverybad.答案：(in)readinghavetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困難”。7Insomeplacestherearemanylawsagainst_(cruel)toanimalsbutfewtoprotectchildren.答案：cruelty空前against是介詞，因此本空填名詞cruelty“殘忍；殘酷”。8Yourteachercangiveyou_(guide)onchoosingacareerandwritingajob

15、application.答案：guidancegivesb.guidanceon.“給某人關(guān)于的指導(dǎo)或建議”，故此處填名詞guidance“指導(dǎo)”。9_(educate)usuallyreferstoteachingpeoplevarioussubjects,usuallyataschoolorcollege.答案：Education此處應(yīng)用名詞education“教育”作主語。10Theyoungmanwassentencedto_(die)forkillingamiddleschool3student.答案：deathbesentencedtodeath“被判死刑”。三、完形填空。Ipro

16、miseyou,therewillneverbeaperfecttimetodoanythinginyourlife.1willeverfeel100%certainormakeperfectsensetoyouandeveryoneelse.Therewill2beaperfecttimetofallinlove,ortotraveltheworld.Youwillneverhaveenoughtraining,enoughpreparation,orenoughmoney.And3this,evenwhenyoufeelreadytotakeabravestepintothe4,other

17、swilllikelytryto5yououtofit.Becausetheywontfeelreadythemselves,andyourambitionandbraverywill6theirlevelsofcomfort.Butyoudont7themanexplanation,oranyotherpersonal8youdontwanttomake.Thisisratherdifficultto9atfirst.Waitingtofeel100%readyorsureisthe10wayinwhichwecheatourselvesoutofwonderfullifeexperienc

18、es.Ichallengeyouto11freeyourselffromthisself-limitingstateofmind.Bookthatplaneticket,evenifyoufeellotsof12.Signupforthateducationalcourse,evenifyouhavenoidea13itwillgo.TrustmewhenItellyouitwillallcometogetherforthe14.Whenyouachieveyourdreamswith15,whenyoumeetthemwithmentalandphysicaldevotion,you16yo

19、urtrustintheactofLIVING.Youmakeyourdreamsa17insteadoflineitemsonalist.Andthatsgoodbecauseyourdreamsare18toexperience.Youhaveto19themoutintherealworldtoknowiftheyrepossibleandworthwhileadventuresinthelongrun.Asyou20onthisnewjourneyofliving,rememberthatsomepeoplearoundyouwillnaturallybetakenaback.Buta

20、slongasyouarenthurtingthem,youdontowethemanythingthattakesawayyourpowertomoveforwardwithyourlife.【文章大意】本文主要介紹了在我們的生活中永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有一個(gè)完美的時(shí)間去做任何事情。所以我們應(yīng)該想做就做,不要顧慮太多,當(dāng)我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)新的生活之旅中前進(jìn)時(shí),我們才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它帶來的驚喜。1.A.SomethingB.NothingC.AnythingD.Everything4【解析】選B。根據(jù)上文說在你的生活中永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有一個(gè)完美的時(shí)間去做任何事情?？芍湟?沒有什么能讓你和其他人擁有100%確定的或完美的感覺。故選

21、B。2.A.neverB.alwaysC.occasionallyD.forever【解析】選A。從來都沒有一個(gè)可以去戀愛和去世界各地旅行的完美時(shí)候。故選A。3.A.despiteB.forC.fromD.after【解析】選A。這里的盡管如此是指上文提到的沒有時(shí)間去戀愛、去旅行等。despite盡管,故選A。4.A.impossibleC.beautifulB.unknownD.true【解析】選B。盡管如此,即使你準(zhǔn)備勇敢地踏入未知世界。unknown未知的,故選B。5.A.helpB.cheatC.talkD.get【解析】選C。其他人也可能會(huì)試圖說服你放棄它。help幫助;cheat欺

22、騙;talk談話、勸說;get得到。故選C。6.A.improveC.increaseB.removeD.challenge【解析】選D。因?yàn)樗麄冏约翰粫?huì)覺得自己準(zhǔn)備好了,你的雄心和勇敢會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)他們的舒適度。也就是你的做法讓他們不舒服。improve提高;remove移除;increase增加;challenge挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。7.A.offerB.giveC.allowD.owe【解析】選D。但你不欠他們一個(gè)解釋。offer提供;give給;allow允許;owe欠。故選D。8.A.excuseC.sacrificeB.decisionD.profit【解析】選C?；蛘吣阋膊槐刈龀鋈魏文悴幌胱龅?/p>

23、個(gè)人犧牲。excuse借口;decision決定;sacrifice犧牲;profit利潤(rùn)。故選C。9.A.refuseC.admitB.graspD.confirm,【解析】選B。這一點(diǎn)很難掌握?！斑@一點(diǎn)”是指找到合適的時(shí)機(jī)做自己的事無需向他人解釋。refuse拒絕;grasp抓住、掌握;admit承認(rèn);confirm證實(shí)。故選B。10.A.hardestB.bitterest5C.easiestD.dullest【解析】選C。等待自己感到100%準(zhǔn)備好了或很肯定時(shí)再去做是一種最簡(jiǎn)單的欺騙自己去錯(cuò)過精彩人生經(jīng)歷的辦法。hardest最困難的;bitterest最苦的;easiest最容易的;

24、dullest最遲鈍的。故選C。11.A.automaticallyC.vainlyB.casuallyD.consciously【解析】選D。我要讓你有意識(shí)地讓自己擺脫這種自我限制的心態(tài)。automatically自動(dòng)地;casually隨意地;vainly徒勞地;consciously有意識(shí)地。故選D。12.A.uncertaintyC.anxietyB.comfortD.hopelessness【解析】選A。訂下那張飛機(jī)票,盡管你感到了很多的不確定性。uncertainty不確定;comfort舒適;anxiety焦慮;hopelessness無希望。故選A。13.A.howC.whyB

25、.whenD.whether【解析】選A。報(bào)名參加那個(gè)教育課程,即使你不知道會(huì)怎么樣發(fā)展。故選A。14.A.worseB.betterC.closerD.deeper【解析】選B。當(dāng)我告訴你一切都會(huì)好起來的時(shí)候,請(qǐng)相信我。15.A.difficultyC.intentionB.doubtD.success【解析】選C。當(dāng)你有意識(shí)地去實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想時(shí),當(dāng)你以精神和肉體的投入去面對(duì)它們時(shí),你就把你的信任投入到生活的行動(dòng)中去了。difficulty困難;doubt懷疑;intention目的;success成功。故選C。16.A.carryB.removeC.experienceD.invest【解析】選D。carry攜帶;remove移除;experience經(jīng)歷;invest投資,投入。故選D。17.A.realityC.burdenB.priorityD.relief【解析】選B。你優(yōu)先考慮你的夢(mèng)想而不只是紙上談