URDG758(中英對照)

1、 URDG758TheURDG758aretheUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees-effective01July2010.ForewordThisrevisionofICCsUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees(URDG)isthefirstsincetherulesweredevelopedbyICCin1991.Theoriginalrules,URDG458,gainedbroadinternationalacceptanceinrecentyearsfollowingtheirincorporationbytheWorldBank

2、initsguaranteeformsandtheirendorsementbyUNCITRALandleadingindustryassociations,suchasFIDIC.Thisfirstrevisionoftheruleswasmeticulouslypreparedoveraperiodoftwoandahalfyears,andistheresultofacollectiveeffortbyanumberofICCconstituentgroups.ItwasdevelopedasajointprojectbytwoICCcommissions-theBankingCommi

3、ssionandtheCommissiononCommercialLawandPractice-thereforetakingintoaccountthelegitimateexpectationsofallrelevantsectors.ICCnationalcommitteescontributedsubstantiallytothefinalproduct:some52nationalcommitteessubmittedseveralhundredpagesofvaluablesuggestionsonsuccessivedrafts,anumberofwhichwereincorpo

4、ratedintothefinaltext.TheICCTaskForceonGuarantees,whichconsistedof40membersfrom26countries,reviewedthevariousdraftsandaddedtheirownsuggestions.TheURDGDraftingGroup,ablychairedbyDrGeorgesAffaki,metonanumberofoccasions,carefullyreviewedallcommentssubmittedbynationalcommitteesandtheTaskForceanddevelope

5、dthefinaldraft.Thiscollectiveefforthasbornefruit;ithasproducedrulesthatreflectabroadconsensusamongbankers,usersandallmembersoftheguaranteecommunity.Infact,thepresentrevisionoftheURDGdoesnotmerelyupdatetheexistingrules.Itistheresultofanambitiousprojecttocreateanewsetofrulesforthetwenty-firstcenturyth

6、atisclearer,morepreciseandmorecomprehensive.Assuch,URDG758isdestinedtobecomethestandardtextfordemandguaranteesworldwide.JeanRozwadowskiSecretaryGeneralInternationalChamberofCommerceJanuary2010 IntroductionThenewURDG758succeedURDG458.Over17yearsofpractice(1992-2009),URDG458provedtobebothsuccessfuland

7、reliable.Theywereusedbybanksandbusinessesacrosscontinentsandindustrysectors.URDG458wereendorsedbyinternationalorganizations,multilateralfinancialinstitutions,bankregulators,lawmakersandprofessionalfederations.IncontrasttothefailedUniformRulesforContractGuarantees(URCG325),URDG458reflectedtherealityo

8、ftheinternationaldemandguaranteemarketandstruckthemostreasonablebalancebetweentheinterestsofallthepartiesinvolved.BychoosingtoinstructaguarantortoissueademandguaranteesubjecttoURDG,applicantsrenouncedtheirabilitytoobstructpaymentforreasonsderivedfromtheirrelationshipwiththebeneficiary.Inturn,benefic

9、iarieswereexpectedtostateingeneralterms-butnottojustify,establishorprove-thenatureoftheapplicantsbreachintheperformanceoftheunderlyingrelationship.Finally,becauseademandguaranteeisanindependentundertaking,guarantorswereassuredthattheircommitmentwassubjecttoitsownterms.Theywereinsulatedfromtheperform

10、ancecontingenciesoftheunderlyingrelationship.Theirincrementaluse,backedbythesupportofICC,enabledURDG458tomakeacriticalcontributiontowardslevellingtheplayingfieldamongdemandguaranteeissuersandusersregardlessofthelegal,economicorsocialsysteminwhichtheyoperate.Yet,URDG458formedthefirstattemptbyICCtocod

11、ifyindependentguaranteepractice.Overtheyears,theapplicationoftheirprovisionsshedlightontheneedfordraftingadjustments,clarifications,expansionofscopeorclearcorrectionsoftheadoptedstandard.ViewsreportedtotheICCTaskForceonGuaranteesfromURDGusersworldwideprovidedthenecessarymaterialtolauncharevisionofUR

12、DG458thatboththelapseoftimeandtheevolutionofpracticemadenecessary.Therevisionwaslaunchedin2007andwasconductedundertheaegisofboththeICCBankingCommissionandtheCommissiononCommercialLawandPractice(CLP).TheICCTaskForceonGuarantees,thestandingexpertbodycreatedbyICCin2003tomonitorinternationalguaranteepra

13、ctice,actedasaconsultativebodytoaDraftingGroupthatproducedfivecomprehensivedraftsduringthetwoandahalfyearrevisionprocess.EachdraftwassubmittedforreviewandcommentstoICCnationalcommittees.Over600setsofcommentswerereceivedfromatotalof52countriesandwerethoroughlyexamined.Thesecommentswereinstrumentalins

14、hapingthenewrules.RegularprogressreportswerepresentedtomeetingsofeachoftheICCcommissionsconsideringtherulesandwerecomprehensivelydebated.Thismethodensuredthattherevisiontakesintoaccountviewsreceivedfromabroadcross-sectorofconcernedparties.TheresultingURDG758wereadoptedbytheICCExecutiveBoardon3Decemb

15、er2009,followingendorsementbythemembersofthetwosponsoringcommissions.TheywillcomeintoforceonJuly1,2010.Thenewrulesapplytoanydemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteewhereincorporatedbyreferenceinthetext.Theycanalsoapplyastradeusageorbyimplicationfromaconsistentcourseofdealingbetweenthepartiestothedemandgua

16、ranteeorcounter-guaranteewheresoprovidedbytheapplicablelaw.ThenewURDG758donotmerelyupdateURDG458;theyaretheresultofanambitiousprocessthatseekstobringanewsetofrulesfordemandguaranteesintothe21stcentury,rulesthatareclearer,morepreciseandmorecomprehensive.ClearerURDG.ThenewURDG758aimforclarity.Theyadop

17、tthedraftingstyleofICCsuniversallyacceptedUniformRulesforDocumentaryCredits(UCP600)bybringingtogetherthedefinitionsoftermsinonearticle.Theyalsobringamuchneededclarificationoftheprocessaccordingtowhichapresentationwillbecheckedforconformity.MorepreciseURDG.AnumberofthestandardscontainedinURDG458lefta

18、marginforinterpretationthatvariedaccordingtotheparticularfactsofthecase.Thiswasparticularlytrueforthetermsreasonabletimeandreasonablecare.ThenewURDGhaveexcludedallimprecisestandardswithanaimtofostercertaintyandpredictability.Examplesaretimedurationsfortheexaminationofademand,theextensionofaguarantee

19、inthecaseofforcemajeure,andthesuspensionoftheguaranteeinthecaseofanextendorpaydemand.MorecomprehensiveURDG.ImportantpracticeswereleftoutofURDG458.Thiswasparticularlythecasefortheadviceofaguarantee,amendments,standardsforexaminationofpresentations,partial,multipleandincompletedemands,linkageofdocumen

20、ts,andtransferofguarantees.Inaddition,therewasonlyfragmentarytreatmentofcounter-guarantees.Whatwasunderstandableatthetimeofthefirstattempttocodifydemandguaranteepracticecannolongerbeaccepted17yearslater.ThenewURDG758nowcoverallofthesepracticesandmakeclearthatprovisionsgoverningguaranteesapplyequally

21、tocounter-guarantees.BalancedURDG.ThenewURDG758endorseandbuildonthebalancedapproachthatcharacterizedURDG458.Forexample:-Thebeneficiaryisentitledtopaymentuponpresentationofacomplyingdemandwithouttheneedfortheguarantortoseektheapplicantsapproval.ThenewURDGalsocorrectanunfairsituationthatwouldhaveleftt

22、hebeneficiarywithoutrecoursetotheguaranteeinthecaseofforcemajeureifitsexpirycoincidedwiththeinterruptionoftheguarantorsbusiness.-Theguarantorsindependentroleisexpressedinstrongerandclearertermsand,moreimportantly,itisnowexpressedinexclusivelydocumentaryterms.ThenewURDGexpecttheguarantortoactdiligent

23、ly.Forinstance,aguarantorisexpectedtorejectanon-complyingdemandwithinfivebusinessdaysbysendingarejectionnoticethatlistsallofthediscrepancies;otherwise,theguarantorwillbeprecludedfromclaimingthatthedemandisnon-complyingandwillbecompelledtopay.LargelyacceptedindocumentarycreditpracticeundertheUCP,thep

24、reclusionsanctionisnecessarytodisciplineunfairpracticesthatworktothedetrimentofthebeneficiary.-Theapplicantsrighttobeinformedoftheoccurrenceofthekeystagesinthelifecycleoftheguaranteeisacknowledgedinthenewrules.However,thisinformationshouldnotbeaprerequisiteforpaymentwhenacomplyingdemandispresented.I

25、nnovativeURDG.ThenewURDG758featureanumberofinnovationsdictatedbythedevelopmentofpracticeandtheneedtoavoiddisputes.Anexampleisthenewrulethatproposesasubstitutionofcurrencieswhenpaymentinthecurrencyspecifiedintheguaranteebecomesimpossible.Anotherexampleisthenewterminationmechanismforguaranteesthatstat

26、eneitheranexpirydatenoranexpiryevent.Thissolutionisexpectedtoreducethenumberofopen-endedguaranteesthatseverelypenalizeapplicantsandareincompatiblewiththebankscapitalrequirements.TheGuide.Therationale,preparatoryworkandinterpretationofeacharticleofthenewURDG758canbefoundinaseparatelyreleasedGuidetoth

27、erules(ICCPublicationNo.702).ThenewURDG758package.Thenewrulesareaccompaniedbyamodelguaranteeandcounter-guaranteeformfeaturedattheendofthispublication.TheyaredestinedtoevolveintoanindispensablecompaniontothenewURDG758andtheirusers.Experienceshowsthatacomprehensiveready-to-usepackagethatcombinesbothth

28、erulesandmodelformsismoreattractivetousersthanthepreviouslyseparateICCpublicationsNos.458and503.Itshouldalsobeconducivetomoreharmonizedapractice.IndraftingthenewURDG758modelguaranteeform,aunitaryapproachwaspreferredtoonethatwouldhaveconsistedofmultipleformslinkedtothepurposeofeachguarantee.Tender,pe

29、rformance,advancepayment,retentionmoney,warrantyandothertypesofdemandguaranteessharethesamenatureandhavesimilarfeatures.ThiswasevidencedbythefivenearlyidenticalbasicmodelguaranteeformsinICCpublicationNo.503thataccompaniedURDG458.Ofcourse,URDG758usershavetheoptionofenrichingtheunitarymodelformwithone

30、ormoreoftheclausesproposedattheendofthispublicationsuchasthereductionofamountclauseforadvancepaymentguaranteesorevendraftinganyotherclauseoutright.Afinalmessage:theneedforcleardrafting.Cleardraftingisthelinchpinofasuccessfulinternationaldemandguaranteepractice.Thishasproventobethecaseovertimeandacro

31、ssculturesandindustrysectors.UsingthenewURDG758modelguaranteeformlevelstheplayingfieldandavoidsmisunderstandings.Assuch,itwillhopefullysignificantlycurbtheworryingtendencythatafewcourtshaveshowninrecentyearstore-characterizedemandguaranteesasaccessorysuretyships-orthereverse.Whilesometimeswarrantedb

32、ytheambiguoustermsusedbytheparties,suchinterferencehasconsiderablydestabilizedtheinternationalguaranteemarketbyaddingaparticularlyprejudicialelementofuncertainty.SucharegrettablesituationcanberemediedbyaconsistentuseofURDG758andtheiraccompanyingmodelforminanytypeofdemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeo

33、r,indeed,anyotherindependentundertaking.Acknowledgments.IwouldliketoexpressmydeepappreciationtothemembersoftheICCTaskForceonGuarantees*,theICCnationalcommitteesandmembersofboththeBankingCommissionandCLPfortheirguidance,supportandconstructiveparticipationintherevision.TheGuaranteesDepartmentofRZBwasv

34、eryhelpfulinprocessingthehundredsofnationalcommentsreceivedthroughouttherevisionprocessandcompilingthemfortheDraftingGroupsreview.ItwasmyprivilegetochairtheDraftingGroupthatundertooktherevision.ThemembersoftheDraftingGrouparelistedbelowinalphabeticalorder:RogerCarouge(Germany),SirRoyGoode(UnitedKing

35、dom),DrAndreaHauptmann(Austria),GlennRansier(UnitedStates),PradeepTaneja(Bahrain),andFaridehTazhibi(IslamicRepublicofIran).Rarelyhasachairmanbeenblessedwithagroupwhosemembersaresoexperiencedandenthusiasticaboutthesubjectathand,animatedbyteamspirit,complementaryintheirregionalandsectoralexperienceand

36、abletoendurewithadmirablepatiencetheinevitablechallengesofafast-trackrevisionprocess.TheresultisthenewURDG758,whichweproudlyoffertotheworld.Dr.GeorgesAffakiVice-Chair,ICCBankingCommissionBNPParibasJanuary2010 TOC o 1-5 h z HYPERLINK l bookmark2Article1ApplicationofURDG本規(guī)則的適用范圍8 HYPERLINK l bookmark4

37、Article2Definitions定義8 HYPERLINK l bookmark6Article3Interpretation解釋11 HYPERLINK l bookmark8Article4Issueandeffectiveness開立和生效12 HYPERLINK l bookmark10Article5Independenceofguaranteeandcounter-guarantee保函和反擔(dān)保函的獨立性13 HYPERLINK l bookmark12Article6Documentsv.goods,servicesorperformance單據(jù)和貨物、服務(wù)或者履約行為13

38、 HYPERLINK l bookmark14Article7Non-documentaryconditions非單據(jù)條件13 HYPERLINK l bookmark16Article8Contentofinstructionsandguarantees指示和保函的內(nèi)容14 HYPERLINK l bookmark18Article9Applicationnottakenup拒絕接受申請15 HYPERLINK l bookmark20Article10Advisingofguaranteeoramendment保函或者保函修改的通知15 HYPERLINK l bookmark22Arti

39、cle11Amendments修改16 HYPERLINK l bookmark24Article12Extentofguarantorsliabilityunderguarantee保函項下?lián)Ｈ素?zé)任的范圍17 HYPERLINK l bookmark26Article13Variationofamountofguarantee保函金額的變動17 HYPERLINK l bookmark28Article14Presentation交單17 HYPERLINK l bookmark30Article15Requirementsfordemand對索償要求的要求19 HYPERLINK l b

40、ookmark32Article16Informationaboutdemand關(guān)于索償要求的告知19Article17Partialdemandandmultipledemands;amountofdemands部分索償要求和多次索償要求，索償要求的金額20 HYPERLINK l bookmark36Article18Separatenessofeachdemand每一次索償要求的獨立性21 HYPERLINK l bookmark38Article19Examination審核21 HYPERLINK l bookmark40Article20Timeforexaminationofde

41、mand;payment審核索償要求的時間，付款22 HYPERLINK l bookmark42Article21Currencyofpayment支付的貨幣22 HYPERLINK l bookmark44Article22Transmissionofcopiesofcomplyingdemand相符索償要求副本的傳遞23 HYPERLINK l bookmark46Article23Extendorpay展期或付款23 HYPERLINK l bookmark48Article24Non-complyingdemand,waiverandnotice非相符索償要求，放棄決定和通知25 H

42、YPERLINK l bookmark50Article25Reductionandtermination減額與終止26 HYPERLINK l bookmark52Article26Forcemajeure不可抗力27 HYPERLINK l bookmark54Article27Disclaimeroneffectivenessofdocuments關(guān)于單據(jù)有效性的免責(zé)28 HYPERLINK l bookmark56Article28Disclaimerontransmissionandtranslation關(guān)于傳遞和翻譯的免責(zé)29 HYPERLINK l bookmark58Artic

43、le29Disclaimerforactsofanotherparty關(guān)于其他當(dāng)事方行為的免責(zé)29 HYPERLINK l bookmark60Article30Limitsonexemptionfromliability責(zé)任豁免的限度30 HYPERLINK l bookmark62Article31Indemnityforforeignlawsandusages外國法律和慣例的補償30 HYPERLINK l bookmark64Article32Liabilityforcharges關(guān)于費用的責(zé)任30 HYPERLINK l bookmark66Article33Transferofgu

44、aranteeandassignmentofproceeds保函的轉(zhuǎn)讓和款項讓渡30 HYPERLINK l bookmark68Article34Governinglaw管轄法律32 HYPERLINK l bookmark70Article35Jurisdiction司法管轄權(quán)32 Article1ApplicationofURI本規(guī)則的適用范圍TheUniformRulesforDemandGuarantees(URDG)applytoanydemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteethatexpresslyindicatesitissubjecttothem.

45、Theyarebindingonallpartiestothedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeexceptsofarasthedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteemodifiesorexcludesthem.見索即付保函統(tǒng)一規(guī)則(以下簡稱“本規(guī)則”)適用于任何在其文本中清楚地表示受本規(guī)則約束的見索即付保函或者反擔(dān)保函。除非見索即付保函或者反擔(dān)保函修改或者排除本規(guī)則的條文，否則本規(guī)則對見索即付保函或者反擔(dān)保函的所有當(dāng)事各方均具有約束力。Where,attherequestofacounter-guarantor,ademandg

46、uaranteeisissuedsubjecttotheURDG,thecounter-guaranteeshallalsobesubjecttotheURDG,unlessthecounter-guaranteeexcludestheURDG.However,ademandguaranteedoesnotbecomesubjecttotheURDGmerelybecausethecounter-guaranteeissubjecttotheURDG.當(dāng)按照反擔(dān)保人的要求，見索即付保函是適用于本規(guī)則所開立的，那么反擔(dān)保函也將同樣適用于本規(guī)則，除非反擔(dān)保函排除了本規(guī)則。但是，僅僅因為反擔(dān)保函適用

47、于本規(guī)則，并不能說明見索即付保函也同樣適用于本規(guī)則。Where,attherequestorwiththeagreementoftheinstructingparty,ademandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeisissuedsubjecttotheURDG,theinstructingpartyisdeemedtohaveacceptedtherightsandobligationsexpresslyascribedtoitintheserules.當(dāng)按照指示方的要求或者同意，見索即付保函或者反擔(dān)保函是適用于本規(guī)則所開立的，那么指示方將被視為已經(jīng)接受了本規(guī)則對其所

48、清楚描述的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。Whereademandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeissuedonorafter1July2010statesthatitissubjecttotheURDGwithoutstatingwhetherthe1992versionorthe2010revisionistoapplyorindicatingthepublicationnumber,thedemandguaranteeorcounter-guaranteeshallbesubjecttotheURDG2010revision.在2010年7月1日當(dāng)天或者之后開立的見索即付保函或者反

49、擔(dān)保函聲明其適用于URDG,但是卻沒有說明是適用于1992年版還是2010年版或者注明出版編號的情況下，該見索即付保函或者反擔(dān)保函將被認(rèn)為是適用URDG2010年版的。Article2Iefinitions定義Intheserules:advisingpartymeansthepartythatadvisestheguaranteeattherequestoftheguarantor;“通知方”,系指按照擔(dān)保人的要求通知保函的一方；applicantmeansthepartyindicatedintheguaranteeashavingitsobligationundertheunderlyi

50、ngrelationshipsupportedbytheguarantee.Theapplicantmayormaynotbetheinstructingparty;“申請人”,系指在保函中注明的其所擔(dān)保的基礎(chǔ)關(guān)系中承擔(dān)義務(wù)的一方。申請人可能是指示方,也可能不是；applicationmeanstherequestfortheissueoftheguarantee;索償要求”，系指受益人簽署的用于索要保函項下金額的一份單據(jù)； 申請”，系指開立保函的要求； authenticated,whenappliedtoanelectronicdocument,meansthatthepartytowho

51、mthatdocumentispresentedisabletoverifytheapparentidentityofthesenderandwhetherthedatareceivedhaveremainedcompleteandunaltered;“已證實”，在要求電子單據(jù)時，系指收到單據(jù)的一方能夠核實發(fā)送者的身份以及收到的內(nèi)容是否保持完整和未被變更；beneficiarymeansthepartyinwhosefavouraguaranteeisissued;“受益人”系指享受保函擔(dān)保收益的一方；businessdaymeansadayonwhichtheplaceofbusinessw

52、hereanactofakindsubjecttotheserulesistobeperformedisregularlyopenfortheperformanceofsuchanact;“營業(yè)日”系指在履行本規(guī)則所約束行為的地點為了履行該行為而通常開業(yè)的一天；chargesmeananycommissions,fees,costsorexpensesduetoanypartyactingunderaguaranteegovernedbytheserules;“費用”系指當(dāng)事方因為依照本規(guī)則約束的保函行事而產(chǎn)生的任何傭金、手續(xù)費、成本或者開支；complyingdemandmeansadema

53、ndthatmeetstherequirementsofacomplyingpresentation;“相符索償要求”，系指滿足相符交單需求的索償要求；complyingpresentationunderaguaranteemeansapresentationthatisinaccordancewith,first,thetermsandconditionsofthatguarantee,second,theserulessofarasconsistentwiththosetermsandconditionsand,third,intheabsenceofarelevantprovisioni

54、ntheguaranteeortheserules,internationalstandarddemandguaranteepractice;“相符交單”在保函項下系指：第一，與保函的條款和條件；第二，與本規(guī)則的條款和條件；第三對于保函或者本規(guī)則沒有規(guī)定的有關(guān)條件與國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)見索即付保函實務(wù)相一致的交單；counter-guaranteemeansanysignedundertaking,howevernamedordescribed,thatisgivenbythecounter-guarantortoanotherpartytoprocuretheissuebythatotherpartyo

55、faguaranteeoranothercounter-guarantee,andthatprovidesforpaymentuponthepresentationofacomplyingdemandunderthecounter-guaranteeissuedinfavourofthatparty;“反擔(dān)保函”，系指任何已簽署的承諾，無論其名稱或者描述如何，該承諾由反擔(dān)保人向需要獲得其他人開出的保函或者另一反擔(dān)保函的一方做出的，并且保證根據(jù)反擔(dān)保函規(guī)定的受益方相符索償要求的交單提供付款；counter-guarantormeansthepartyissuingacounter-guarant

56、ee,whetherinfavourofaguarantororanothercounter-guarantor,andincludesapartyactingforitsownaccount;“反擔(dān)保人”，系指不論是為了擔(dān)保人還是其他反擔(dān)保人，也包括為了自己而開立反擔(dān)保函的一方；demandmeansasigneddocumentbythebeneficiarydemandingpaymentunderaguarantee;demandguaranteeorguaranteemeansanysignedundertaking,howevernamedordescribed,providing

57、forpaymentonpresentationofacomplyingdemand;“見索即付保函”或者“保函”，系指任何已簽署的承諾，無論其名稱或者描述如何，該承諾保證根據(jù)相符索償要求的交單提供付款；documentmeansasignedorunsignedrecordofinformation,inpaperorinelectronicform,thatiscapableofbeingreproducedintangibleformbythepersontowhomitispresented.Undertheserules,adocumentincludesademandandasup

58、portingstatement;“單據(jù)”，系指一份已簽署或者未簽署的信息紀(jì)錄，使用紙質(zhì)形式或者能夠被接收人復(fù)制為有形形式的電子格式。本規(guī)則中，單據(jù)包括索償要求和支持聲明；expirymeanstheexpirydateortheexpiryeventor,ifbotharespecified,theearlierofthetwo;“到期”，系指到期日或者到期事件，如果二者都有，那么系指較早的一個；expirydatemeansthedatespecifiedintheguaranteeonorbeforewhichapresentationmaybemade;“到期日”，系指保函中規(guī)定的可以

59、在當(dāng)天或者之前做出交單的日期；expiryeventmeansaneventwhichunderthetermsoftheguaranteeresultsinitsexpiry,whetherimmediatelyorwithinaspecifiedtimeaftertheeventoccurs,forwhichpurposetheeventisdeemedtooccuronly:“到期事件”，系指保函中規(guī)定的導(dǎo)致保函到期的某一事件，不論是立即還是在事件發(fā)生之后的特定時間內(nèi)到期，只有在下列情況下該事件才被視為已發(fā)生：whenadocumentspecifiedintheguaranteeasi

60、ndicatingtheoccurrenceoftheeventispresentedtotheguarantor,or當(dāng)保函規(guī)定的注明了事件發(fā)生的單據(jù)被提交給擔(dān)保人時，或者ifnosuchdocumentisspecifiedintheguarantee,whentheoccurrenceoftheeventbecomesdeterminablefromtheguarantorsownrecords.如果保函沒有規(guī)定類似的單據(jù)，事件何時發(fā)生則根據(jù)擔(dān)保人自己的紀(jì)錄來確定。guarantee,seedemandguarantee;“保函”，見“見索即付保函”；guarantormeansthep