初中英語被動語態(tài)講解（改）

1、被動語態(tài)Passive voice被動語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時(shí)，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。be + Vp.p(動詞的過去分詞）1)be 動詞可以隨時(shí)態(tài)人稱的變化而變化am/ is / are + V(過去分詞）was/ were+ V(過去分詞）will be + V(過去分詞）情態(tài)動詞+ be + V (過去分詞）1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-edwatch-watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice-practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的

2、，去y變i加-edstudy-studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstop-stopped2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHe plants trees in spring. 主謂賓(受動者)Treesare plantedbyhim改為被動語態(tài)in spring.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣：賓語提前主語變，原主變賓by后見，時(shí)態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主謂賓(受動者)The roomwill be clea

3、nedbyTom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主謂賓(受動者)Bowls are washedbyhis brother every day.1.They make shoes in that factory.主語+及物動詞+賓語Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last

4、term.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were +過去分詞3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情態(tài)動詞：S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：You are invited to do this.2）一般過去時(shí)：The story was told by her.3）一般將來時(shí)：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.看一看 想一想4)情態(tài)動詞：The rubbish can be put i

5、nto the dustbin over there.時(shí)態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)V(原形)/ V(e)sam/is/are +Vpp一般過去時(shí)V-ed/ madewas/were +Vpp一般將來時(shí)will +V(原形)will+ be +Vpp含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+ V(原形)情態(tài)動詞+ be +Vpp各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：情態(tài)動詞：一般將來時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is /are +P.PS+was/were +P.P.S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+ am/is/are

6、 + being + P.P.S+ have/has + been+ P.P.S+ was/were+being+ P.P. 何時(shí)使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。 三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It wa

7、s reported that her mother died of SARS.眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that 四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the wi

8、ndows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.EXERCISES(變被動語態(tài)）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only tw

9、o meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderfu

10、l stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this

11、medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.14.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night.2)The telephone _ (invent

12、) by Bell.3) English _ (speak) in China.4) The car _ (make) in China.5) The room must _ (clean) every day.( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die.A must water B can be wateredC should water D must be watered( ) Many computers will _ to our school.A be bring B be brought C bring4.They will finish t

13、he work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般將來時(shí)：S+ will+be+過去分詞5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： S+ was/were+bein