2022年本練習12月5日(第14周)評講

1、本練習12月5日（第14周）評講，請于此日期前做完Exercises for unit 79PartVocabulary （0.5*40=20）I am _ to take the opposite point of view.A. tended B. inclined C. intended D. declinedI took it for _ that youd want to come with us, so I bought you a ticket.A. grant B. granting C. granted D. grandUnder the leadship of that _

2、 old man, the nation withheld its perils. A. grand B. magnificent C. noble D. grantI _ to publish the complete records of the investigation.A. propose B. purpose C. prone D. propelHe failed in his attempt _ first prize.A. at winning B. of winning C. for winning D. with winningHe has achieved heights

3、 that I can never hope to _ to .A. attain B. obtain C. attempt D. attendHer habit of tapping her fingers on the chair while she read the newspapers _ him.A. annoyed B. irritated C. irrigated D. put outBandits sometimes _ difficulties for the police.A. pose B. discern C. distort D. refuteThe _ of aut

4、umn was in the air and she went to fetch a coat.A. chill B. chilly C. chili D. chillingHe _ the speed limit and drove very fast.A. disregarded B. neglected C. ignored D. snubbedSuch _ the case, he had to confess to having stolen the money.A. was B. being C. be D. had been.The applause that Eliza rec

5、eived _ all her hard work.A. proclaimed B. justified C. satisfied D. demonstratedThis newspaper has a sporting _.A. favor B. flavoring C. flavor D. flour Trees provide _ from the sun.A. shelter B. refuge C. roof D. screenAs a swarm of mosquitoes attacked them for hours _, the enemy soldier could no

6、longer hold on in their hiding place.A. in the end B. on end C. without end D. no endThe citys bright lights, theatres, films etc. are _ that are hard to avoid.A. amusements B. entertainments C. leisure D. attractionsI can _ you of my full support for your plan.A. ensure B. insure C. convince D. ass

7、ureThe traditional approach _ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A. to dealing B. in dealing C. dealing D. to dealThere is no very easy _ to mathematics.A. approach B. way C. road D. shortcutThe Smithsonian Institution has a wide _ of objects on di

8、splay.A. knowledge B. variety C. appendix D. selectionFeatures such as height, weight, and skin color _ from individual to individual and from face to face.A. change B. vary C. alter D. convertDuring observations made over a fifty-year period the power output of the sun has _ than a few teats of one

9、 percent.A. varied by no more B. varied no more by C. not varied more by D. more varied by not_ people have expressed disagreement with his recent proposal to go and spend their vacation in the country, so it is cancelled.A. Much B. Few C. Female D. VariousHe _ his lesson about France with photograp

10、hs of the people who live there.A. imitated B. conceived C. announced D. illustrated_ a few faults, he is a trustworthy teacher.A. Take apart B. Set apart C. Put apart D. Apart fromIn the experiment they _ a very cleat result.A. required b. acquired C. obtained D. attainedAn argument was _ because t

11、hey disliked each other so much.A. inevitable B. excessive C. conservative D. ridiculous Although he was on a diet, the food _ him enormously.A. inspired B. tempted C. overcome D. encouragedThe drowning child was saved by Dicks _ action.A. acute B. alert C. profound D. prompt The speech which he mad

12、e _ the project has bothered me greatly.A. concerned B. being concerned C. concerning D. be concernedChina has launched several adult _ campaigns to improve the quality of the populace.A. literacy B. economy C. information D. technologyYou can find a vast _ on this subject in the library.A. books B.

13、 information C. literature D. literacyThe teacher _ me to call the roll.A. appreciated B. approached C. approved D. appointed The main road through Littlebury was blocked for three hours today after an accident _ two lorries.A. involving B. including C. combining D. containingI hate shopping during

14、the Christmas _ when everyone is buying present.A. rash B. rush C. hush D. hashSalt is as _ as gold in many places.A. precious B. slight C. previous D. tremendousHe had telegraphed _ his coming.A. previous B. previously C. previous to D. previous beforeThere is a _ difference in meaning between the

15、words surroundings and environment.A. gentle B. subtle C. feeble D. humbleThe sound of the TV downstairs _ with my work.A. interfered B. interrupted C. intervened D. intrudedHe _ the accident on the other driver.A. blames B. scolds C. condemns D. denounces Part Reading Comprehension （2*20=40） Direct

16、ions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). You should choose the best choice. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: More and more, the operatio

17、ns of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught

18、at it have managed to get away without punishment. Its easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers. Of course

19、, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But its disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may be the victims of uncommonly bad luck. For e

20、xample, a certain keypunch(鍵盤打孔) operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards he was being asked to punch were for dishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off(向透露) the company that was bei

21、ng robbed. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been m

22、et. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled(耍弄 ) the most confidential records right under the noses of the comp

23、anys executives, accountants , and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere. 41. It can be concluded from the passage that _. A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today B) computer crimes are the m

24、ost serious problem in the operation of financial institutions C) computer criminals can escape punishment because they cant be detected D) people commit computer crimes at the request their company 42. It is implied in the third paragraph that _. A) many more computer crimes go undetected than are

25、discovered B) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem C) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes D) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their bad luck 43. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A) A strict law against com

26、puter crimes must be enforced. B) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information. C) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation D) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes. 44. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught? A

27、) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job. B) They will be denied access to confidential records. C) They may walk away and easily find another job. D) They must leave the country or go to jail. 45. The passage is mainly about _. A) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by syste

28、matic inspections. B) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment C) how computer criminals manage to get good recommendation from their former employers D) why computer crimes cant be eliminated Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage: It is often claimed that nuclear e

29、nergy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society where there is an enormous demand for commercial products of all kinds. Moreover, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase presumes an abundant an

30、d cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an inexhaustible and economical source of power and that it is therefore essential for an industrially developing society. There are a number of other advantages in the use of nuclear energy. Firstly, nuclear power, except for a

31、ccidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents an enormous step in our scientific evolution and, whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a retur

32、n to more primitive sources of fuel. However, opponents of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct threat not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Furthermore, it is questionable whether ultimately nuclear power is a cheap source of energy. There have, for

33、 example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium(鈾) in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could p rice nuclear power out of the market. In the long run, environmentalists argue, nuclear energy wa

34、stes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extent which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Thus, if we wish to survive, we cannot afford nuclear energy. In spite of the case against nuclear energy outlined above, nuclear energy programmes are expanding. Such an expansio

35、n assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power. 46. The

36、 writers attitude toward nuclear energy is _. A) indifferent B) favorable C) tolerant D) negative 47. According to the opponents of nuclear energy, which of the following is true of nuclear energy? A) Primitive B) Exhaustible C) Cheap D) Unsafe 48. Some people claim that nuclear energy is essential

37、because _ . A) it provides a perfect solution to mass unemployment B) it represents an enormous step forward in our scientific evolution C) it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society D) nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few technical and adminis

38、trative staff 49. Which of the following statements does the writer support? A) The demand for commercial products will not necessarily keep increasing. B) Nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. C) Uranium is a good source of energy for economic and ecological reasons. D) Greater safety p

39、rovisions can bring about the expansion of nuclear energy programmes. 50. The function of the last sentence is to _. A) advance the final argument. B) reflect the writers attitude. C) reverse previously expressed thoughts. D) show the disadvantages of nuclear power.Questions 51 to 55 are based on th

40、e following passage: Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearers background, personality, status, mood, and social outlook. Since clothes are such an importa

41、nt source of social information, we can use them to manipulate peoples impression of us. Our appearance assumes particular significance in the initial phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle-class man or woman may be alienated(疏遠) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconv

42、entional manner, regardless of the persons education, background, or interests. People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits(套裝), including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether t

43、hey smoke or d rink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more convincing, honest, and competent when they are dressed conservatively. And collage students who view themselves as taking an active role in their inter personal relationships say they are concerne

44、d about the costumes they must wear to play these roles successfully. Moreover, many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you anticipated a stressful situation, such a

45、s a job interview, or a court appearance. In the workplace, men have long had well-defined precedents and role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of masculine an d feminine attributes they

46、 should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that available for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less feminine grooming(打扮)-shorter hair, moderate use

47、 of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she wont get a job. 51. According to the passage, the way we dress _. A) provides clues for people who are critical of us B) indicates our likes and d

48、islikes in choosing a career C) has a direct influence on the way people regard us D) is of particular importance when we get on in age 52. From the third paragraph of the passage, we can conclude that young adults tend to believe that certain types of clothing can _. A) change peoples conservative

49、attitudes toward their lifestyle B) help young people make friends with the opposite sex C) make them competitive in the job market D) help them achieve success in their interpersonal relationships 53. The word precedent (Line 1, Para.4) probably refers to _ . A) early acts for men to follow as exam

50、ples B) particular places for men to occupy especially because of their importance C) things that men should agree upon D) mens beliefs that everything in the world has already been decided 54. According to the passage, many career women find themselves in difficult situations because _. A) the vari

51、ety of professional clothing is too wide for them to choose B) women are generally thought to be only good at being fashion models C) men are more favorably judged for managerial positions D) they are not sure to what extent they should display their feminine qualities through clothing 55. What is t

52、he passage mainly about? A) Dressing for effect. B) How to dress appropriately.C) Managerial positions and clothing. D) Dressing for the occasion. Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage: The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to w

53、ant to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyones experience in the organization. Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of

54、Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT&T, Coca-Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what hes seen at bi g companies, he weighs the diff

55、erent elements that make for long-term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%; and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it wont secure you the big promot

56、ion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are. Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales(障眼物) have dropped fro m their eyes. Women and bla

57、cks in organizations work under false beliefs, says Kaleel Jamison, a New York based management consultant who helps corporation s deal with these issues. They think that if you work hard, youll get ahead-that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion. She adds, Most women and bl

58、acks are so frightened that people will think theyve gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down(使不突出) their visibility. Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight. 56. According to the passage, things fo

59、rmerly judged to be best left unsaid (Line 2, Para.1) probably refers to _. A) criticisms that shape everyones experience B) the opinions which contradict the established beliefs C) the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye D) the ideas which usually come up with

60、usually come up with new ways of management in the organization 57. To achieve success in your career, the most important factor, according to the passage, is to _. A) let your superiors know how good you are B) project a favorable image to the people around you C) work as a consultant to your super