從霍克思譯本《紅樓夢》看中國古代服飾的翻譯技巧文獻綜述

1、Literature Review文獻綜述On the Translation of Traditional Costumes inA Dream of Red Mansionsby David Hawkes從霍克思譯本紅樓夢看中國古代服飾的翻譯技巧IntroductionThe Chinese traditional civilization and concepts consider the costumes as one kind of symbol of social identity and political status. That makes people play their

2、 own role seriously, and never overstep the rule. So, in ancient time, costumes are one part of politics, its importance is far beyond the costumes status in modern society. And what would be termed asThe Encyclopaedia of Chinese culture , A Dream of Red Mansions not only has captured the worlds att

3、ention about its religious culture, catering culture, classical art and literary merit, but also has the unique artistic value of Chinese traditional costumes for over 5000 years.As one part of A Dream of Red Mansions, the author Cao Xueqin pays much attention to describe characters costumes which h

4、ave a great number of varieties, different styles and colorful and amazing collocations, no wonder people call this book the Grand View Garden of Costumes. So, the research of translations about the traditional costumes inA Dream of Red Mansions will have great influence on the translation of Chines

5、e traditional costumes, and even do little good to the translation of exchanges in Chinese culture between countries in the whole world.Literature ReviewStudy in ChinaA Dream of Red Mansions is generally considered appears in the Qing dynasty, Qianlong period(1745), with the form of original manuscr

6、ipts copied by hand. But it is only about 16 chapters, then other manuscripts appeared latter, such as the one has been found inferment of social thoughts which give his too much stimulus, another reason is the decline of1761. All of these manuscripts are named the Story of the Stone, and made comme

7、nts by ZhiYan Zhai. A Dream of Red Mansions has great artistic achievements. For instance, the novel provides a large number of detailed descriptions of everyday life. Cao Xueqin attained many aspects including poetry, drama, art, architecture, costumes and gardens( Highlights of Chinese Culture, So

8、ng Li,2009). What is reason about the emergence of A Dream of Red Mansions? For what purpose the author write this novel? And with what kind of conditions? These are worth for us thinking about them. Once a famous Redologist named Feng Qiyong (1924) has said the author writes this novel because of t

9、he two reasons below: one is the erashis family. The decline of his family compelled him to see the cruel reality, and all of theseA Dream of Red Mansions (the Inside and Outside word of A Dream of Red Mansions, Feng Qiyong, 2002).gradually for more than 200 years, and also thanks to the people who

10、constantly research andelements inspired him to writespread out broader and broaderAs time goes by, A Dream of Red Mansions haveanalysis A Dream of Red Mansions, that makes it become the classical novels writing model. These researchers have a common name - Redologists.From now on, there are million

11、s ofbooks, papers, reports, speeches and so on which are talking about A Dream of Red Mansions. They talk about the characters, the religion, the traditional etiquette, the architectures, the poems, the translations and so on. However, because of the topic about this paper is about translation techn

12、iques, a few examples about these translations researches by Chinese Redololgists will be introduced after.From the former content, it is a very obvious conclusion that the English translation of A Dream of Red Mansions only has two complete versions written by Yang Hsien-Yi and Hawkes. After these

13、two versions facing the public, a plenty of people begin to do researchesin them, one of these researchers is Professor Chen Hongwei(1944), she says, In 19th century, the research about A Dream of Red Mansions mainly talks about suoyin which means doing researches in finding out the connotations hid

14、den in the original text, that makes the translators translate a few chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions by their own understanding, and lead to many common misconception in the translation. In 1920s, the study of new Redology has a deeper progress of A Dream of Red Mansions , Yang Hsien-Yiand Hawke

15、s versions use a large amount of these new research achievements.（the Unforgettable Journey, Chen Hongwei, 2002）Study AbroadAs a literary scripture, A Dream of Red Mansions has everlasting fans in foreign countries. Translation makes that comes true, and we all know that translation is one kind of c

16、ross-languages communicative activities, and it is also one kind of cross-cultures communicative activities.Many people, even the Redologists do not know the English translation version by H.B.Joly very well, but Edward Chalmers Werner expresses his opinion about it in the Chinese Magazine(1927, 4th

17、) named the Translation of Chinese. In this paper, Edward comes up with some very sharp pieces of criticism, he says that, it is not one kind of good translation work when the Chinese structure can be seen from the English version. In 1973, David Hawkes published the Story of the Stone . The English

18、 and American magazines use many essays to introduce it, but all of the introductions pay attention to the novels content and culture characteristics, they almost ignore the translation version itself. Tao Sanders thinks the publishing of the Story of the Stone in Penguin Books Ltd is such a kind of

19、 milestone of the translation between Chinese and English literature. Hawkes expresses the original novels value correctly, and because of this trait, the Story of the Stone conquers the readers perfectly.According to the incomplete statistics, the translation ofA Dream of Red Mansions in Europe and

20、 America has seven kinds of version in English, two kind of versions in French, and one kind of version in Russian, German, Hungarian, Italian, the Dutch, Greek and Latin. There is no space to introduce them all, but the version of Yang Hsien-Yi is worth introducing. In 1994, Beijing Foreign Languag

21、es Press published A Dream of Red Mansions translated by Yang Hsien-Yi and Gladys Yang. This is the only version translated by the Chinese translator. Thanks to all of the translators, their hard work for the translation ofA Dream of Red Mansions, makes this novel become international and gain milli

22、ons of foreign readers.Theoretical Framework and MethodologyIn this paper, a deep research about some typical parts of costumes in A Dream of Red Mansions which translates by David Hawkes will be conducted. Guan Shijie (Guan Shijie, Intercultural Communication Study, 1995 ) once said that, we can ne

23、ver translate the culture between two places completely, and it either has no possibility to avoid. All the translation activities in the world work between this two poles. That means it is very difficult for our language learners to build a bridge between the international culture and all of our tr

24、aditional civilization, art, history, customs etc. The traditional costumes are a member of them which should be payed much attention to work on them. In addition, a plenty of examples in A Dream of Red Mansions will be analysed about the translation techniques to translates Chinese traditional cost

25、umes.In addition, a plenty of examples in A Dream of Red Mansions will be taken to analyse the translation techniques to translates Chinese traditional costumes. In addition, the methods of Literature analysis, analytical method, comparative method and so on will be used in this essay. At last, the

26、most important part is to work out how to use these techniques in our daily translation work. I hope this paper will have some advantages in translation activities.ReferencesCheng, Met &Li, Bingbing, Cultural transplantation and transformation:Metaphor translation of A Dream of Red MansionsJ, Routledge, Vol5, Issue2, 235, 28.Apr.2010Chris, Ryan, The