英語(yǔ)翻譯話(huà)題詞匯：歷史文化類(lèi)(二)

1、歷史文化類(lèi)（二）中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 TOC o 1-5 h z 中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 traditional Chinese festival過(guò)節(jié)celebrate a festival 放假have a holiday / vacation文化積淀 cultural accumulation文化凝聚 cultural cohesion 記錄社會(huì)文化生活record the moments of social and cultural life節(jié)氣 solar term 季節(jié)變遷 seasonal change / transition 公歷歷法 solar calendar 地球繞太陽(yáng)公轉(zhuǎn)的周期perio

2、d of the Earth農(nóng)歷歷法 lunar calendar 月球繞地球公轉(zhuǎn)的周期period of the Moon農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)agricultural product ion 科學(xué)指導(dǎo)scientific guidance / instruction日常社會(huì)生活everyday social life s revolution around the Suns revolution around the Earth TOC o 1-5 h z 祭祀活動(dòng) ritual / sacrificial activity慶?；顒?dòng) celebratory activity; celebration春節(jié)

3、 the Spring Festival 元宵節(jié) the (Spring) Lantern Festival清明節(jié)the Qingming Festival; Tomb-Sweeping Day 端午節(jié)the Dragon Boat Festivals Day 七夕節(jié) the Qixi Festival; the Double Seventh Festival; the Chinese Valentine中秋節(jié) the Mid- Autumn Festival 重陽(yáng)節(jié) the Double Ninth Festival 農(nóng)歷幾月幾日 fall on the 序數(shù)詞 day of the 序數(shù)詞

4、 lunar month 追溯到 date back to; be traced back to有年歷史 have a history of XX years傳說(shuō) According to legend,/ Legend has it that 為了慶祝 in celebration of 為了紀(jì)念in honour / memory of 風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣 social customs and habits 中國(guó)農(nóng)歷新年Chinese lunar new year TOC o 1-5 h z 臘月 the twelfth month of the lunar year正月 the first mon

5、th of the lunar year迎接新年的到來(lái)welcome the arrival of the new year 除塵 clean the house 沐浴更衣 take a bath and put on clean clothes 理發(fā) have a haircut 祛除晦氣和霉運(yùn)get rid of one s bad luck- /foilrltune TOC o 1-5 h z 置辦年貨 purchase necessities for the new year招待親朋好友entertain relatives and friends烘托節(jié)日的氣氛 add an air

6、of festivity大年三十 Chinese New Year s Eve 貼春聯(lián) paste Spring Festival couplets貼“?！弊?paste the Chinese character“ Fu”貼窗花 paste window paper- cuts 吃團(tuán)圓年夜飯 have New Year Eve reunion dinner 看春晚 watch the Spring Festival Gala 燃放煙花爆竹set off fireworks and firecrackers辭舊迎新 ring out the Old Year; ring in the New

7、Ye ar 正月初一 the first day of the lunar new year穿上新衣新鞋 put on new clothes and shoes 祈求新的開(kāi)始 pray for a new beginning in life新年賀禮 New Year gifts / presents 走親訪友 visit / call on relatives and friends給拜年 give sb. New Year greetings紅包 red packet /envelope壓歲錢(qián) money given to children as a New Year gift好運(yùn) goo

8、d luck / fortune 長(zhǎng)壽 longevity 幸福 happiness 喜慶場(chǎng)合 festive occasion 燈會(huì) lantern show / exhibition 賞花燈 appreciate colourful lanterns 猜燈謎 guess lantern riddles 觀看舞龍舞獅表演watch the dragon- lion dance performances 悠久歷史文化 time- honoured history and culture TOC o 1-5 h z 精神文化遺產(chǎn) spiritual and cultural heritage全球

9、化飛速發(fā)展的今天in this rapidly globalizing world西方文化思想Western cultures and thoughts 過(guò)洋節(jié) celebrate the Western festivals傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的傳承inheritance of traditional festivals弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化 carry forward traditional Chinese culture傳承中華傳統(tǒng)美德inherit the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation增強(qiáng)民族凝聚力enhance / strengthen nation

10、al cohesion中國(guó)飲食文化 飲食文化 food culture 春卷Chinese spring roll 湯圓tangyuan (sweet rice dumpling)青團(tuán)qingtuan (sweet greenrice ball)粽子zongzi (Chinese rice-pudding)月餅mooncake 重陽(yáng)糕 Double- Ninth cake飲食習(xí)慣 eating / dietary habits 主食 staple food大米/水稻rice 饅頭 steamed bun 面條 noodles 農(nóng)作物 crop 小麥 wheat 副食 non- staple /

11、 subsidiary food雞肉 chicken 鴨肉 duck 魚(yú)肉 fish 水果 fruit 蔬菜 vegetable 維持均衡的膳食 maintain a well- balanced diet攝取所需的營(yíng)養(yǎng) obtain adequate nourishment確保健康 secure physical health避免疾病 avoid / prevent diseases傳統(tǒng)待客之道traditional hospitality菜品種類(lèi)豐富a rich / wide variety of dishes宴席 feast / banquet 涼菜 cold dish 開(kāi)胃菜 appe

12、tizer味蕾 taste bud主菜 main course 熱菜 hot dish 肉類(lèi) meat 家禽 poultry 海鮮 seafood 時(shí)蔬 seasonal vegetable 甜點(diǎn) dessert 清淡食物light food解油膩 get rid of the greasy feeling after eating fatty / oily food助消化 help / facilitate digestion食材 ingredient烹飪風(fēng)格 cooking style 菜系 cuisine 家鄉(xiāng)菜 hometown dish八大菜系 China s 8 major reg

13、ional cuisines川菜 Sichuan cuisine魯菜 Shandong cuisine粵菜 Cantonese cuisine蘇菜 Jiangsu cuisine浙菜 Zhejiang cuisine閩采 Fujian cuisine 湘菜 Hunan cuisine 徽菜 Anhui cuisine特色菜 speciality色、香、味俱全a perfect combination of appearance, aroma and flavoursoursweet苦辣咸大佐bitter spicy salty柴 米 油 鹽 醬 醋 茶I chef* seasoning fir

14、ewood rice cooking oil saltsauce vinegartea神農(nóng)氏 Shennong嘗百草taste hundreds of herbs解毒 clear away toxic materials; get rid of the poisoning effect茶館 teahouse茶樹(shù) tea tree種植在山上plant on hills茶葉的質(zhì)量 quality of tea leaves 得名于 get name because 濃郁 持久 清淡 香甜strong long- lasting faintsweet唇齒留香修身養(yǎng)性陶冶情操去除雜念feel the

15、flavour in mouth / on lips for a long time cultivate moral characterscultivate sentiments remove distracting thoughts【補(bǔ)充詞匯】.二十四節(jié)氣立春 spring begins雨水 more rain than snow驚蟄 hibernating insects awake n 春分 spring center 清明 clear and bright 谷雨 wheat rain 立夏 summer begins 小滿(mǎn) creatures plentish 芒種 seeding m

16、illet夏至 summer maximum (solstice)小暑 a bit sweltering大暑 most sweltering立秋 autumn begins處暑 heat withdraws 白露 dews秋分 autumn center寒露 cold dews霜降 frost立冬 winter begins小雪 snows a bit大雪 snows a lot冬至 winter maximum小寒 a bit frigid大寒 most frigid.中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日s ancestors黃金周 golden week 國(guó)家法定假日official national holid

17、ay燒香 burning incense紙錢(qián) joss paper祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one 孔明燈 Kongming lantern 子孫后代 offspring 紀(jì)念碑 memorial tablet 悼文 memorial essay 網(wǎng)上祭掃 online tomb- sweeping 掃墓 sweep tombs 掃墓者 tomb sweeper 踏青 spring outing 綠機(jī)P green willow偉大的愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人great patriotic poet楚國(guó) the state of Chu 愛(ài)國(guó)主義 patriotism 奉獻(xiàn)精神 dedic

18、ation 不朽的著作 immortal masterpiece賽龍舟 dragon- boat racing 帶香囊 wear perfu med medicine bags鵲橋 the bridge of magpies王母娘娘 Goddess of Heaven銀河 the Milky Way慶祝豐收 celebrate harvest拜月 worship the moon賞月 enjoy the moon s beauty; appreciate the full moon合家團(tuán)聚 family reunion 嫦娥奔月 Chang e Flying to the Moon登高/爬山

19、mountain climbing去除厄運(yùn) dispel bad luck去除惡靈 dispel evil spirits帶來(lái)好運(yùn) bring good fortune 尊敬老人 show respect for elders .中國(guó)飲食文化谷物 grain 面粉 flour面包 bread 糕點(diǎn) pastry小吃 snack 菜譜 recipe菜單 menu 全魚(yú) the whole fish 湯 soup 美食家 gourmet餐具 tableware菜肴的裝盤(pán)和擺放the layout and design of the dishes佐料的搭配 the blending of seaso

20、ning調(diào)味的藝術(shù) the art of proper seasoning烹飪藝術(shù) culinary art煮 boil清蒸 steam清炒 plain- fry油炸 deep- fry 烘培 roast刀工 slicing technique烹飪餐具 cooking utensil飲料 beverage茶具 tea set茶壺 teapot茶杯 teacup茶托 saucer紫砂 purple sand陶器 pottery瓷器 porcelain茶道 tea ce remony食療 Chinese food therapy食補(bǔ)保健 maintain good health through t

21、he intake of nourishing food.其它文化類(lèi)詞匯文化多樣性 cultural diversity 多元文化社會(huì)multicultural society 跨文化交流 cross- cultural communication 文化交流與合作cultural exchange and cooperation 文化繁榮 cultural prosperity 東方文化 Eastern / Oriental culture 民俗文化 folk culture傳統(tǒng)意識(shí)形態(tài)traditional ideology豐富文化生活enrich cultural life中國(guó)結(jié) Chin

22、ese knot手工藝 handicrafts手工藝人 handicraftsman祈求好運(yùn) pray for good luck辟牙B ward off evil spirits中醫(yī) traditional Chinese medicine 針灸 acupuncture穴位 acupuncture point推拿 medical massage拔火罐療法 cupping therapy理療 physical therapy醫(yī)療保健 health care 心 heart肝 liver脾 spleen胃 stomach肺 lung腎 kidney中草藥 Chinese herbal medicine副作用 side effect切脈 feel the pulse偏方 folk prescription秘方 secret prescription傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)畫(huà)