《建筑行業(yè)術語》word版

1、BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料詞匯及短語1. ARCHITECTURE 建筑專業(yè)a. DESIGN BASIS 設計依據計劃建議書 planning proposals設計任務書 design order標準規(guī)范standards and codes條件圖 information drawing設計基礎資料 basic data for design工藝流程圖 process flowchart工程地質資料engineering geological data原始資料 original data設計進度 schedule of designb.

2、 STAGE OF DESIGN 設計階段方案 scheme, draft草圖 sketch會談紀要summary of discussion談判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初步設計 preliminary design基礎設計 basic design詳細設計 detail design詢價圖 enquiry drawing施工圖 working drawing, construction drawing竣工圖 as built drawing c.CLIMATECONDITION 氣象條件日照 sunshine風玫瑰 wind rose主導風向 p

3、revailing wind direction最大(平均)風速maximum (mean) wind velocity風荷載 wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷擊及閃電 thunder and lightning颶風 hurricane臺風 typhoon旋風 cyclone降雨強度rainfall intensity年降雨量 annual rainfall濕球溫度 wet bulb temperature干球溫度 dry bulb temperature冰凍期 frost period冰凍線 frost line冰凍區(qū) frost zone

4、室外計算溫度calculating outdoor temperature采暖地區(qū) region with heating provision不采暖地區(qū)region without heating provision絕對大氣壓absolute atmospheric pressure相對濕度 relative humidity d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房間名稱辦公室 office服務用房 service room換班室 shift room休息室 rest room (break room)起居室 living room浴室 bathroom淋浴間 shower更衣室 l

5、ocker room廁所 lavatory 門廳 lobby診室 clinic zhn工作間 workshop電氣開關室 switchroom走廊 corridor檔案室 archive電梯機房 lift motor room車庫 garage k清潔間 cleaning room會議室(正式) conference room會議室 meeting room衣柜間 ward robe暖風間 H.V.A.C room飯店 restaurant餐廳 canteen, dining room廚房 kitchen入口 entrance接待處 reception area會計室 accountant r

6、oom秘書室 secretary room電氣室 electrical room控制室 control room工長室 foreman office開關柜室 switch gear前室 antecabinet (Ante.)生產區(qū) production area馬達控制中心 Mcc多功能用房 utility room化驗室 laboratory room經理室 manager room披 屋(閣樓) penthouse p 警衛(wèi)室 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING屋面及天棚女兒墻 parapet雨蓬 canopy png屋脊 roof ridge j坡度 sl

7、ope坡跨比 pitch分水線 water-shed二氈三油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油氈一層 extra ply of felt檐口 eave yn挑檐 overhanging eave檐溝 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof坡屋面 pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)匯水面積 catchment area泛水 flashing內排水 interior drainage外排水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面排水 roof drainag

8、e找平層 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檁條 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水層 water-proof course檢查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole 吊頂 suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗簾盒) cornice f. WALL (CLADDING) 墻體(外墻板)磚墻 brick wall砌塊墻 block wall清水磚墻 brick wall without plastering抹灰墻 rendered wal

9、l石膏板墻 gypsum board, plaster board空心磚墻 hollow brick wall承重墻 bearing wall非承重墻 non-bearing wall縱墻 longitudinal wall橫墻 transverse wall外墻 external (exterior) wall內墻 internal (interior) wall填充墻 filler wall防火墻 fire wall窗間墻 wall between window空心墻 cavity wall壓頂 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔斷 glazed wall防潮層 d

10、amp-proof course (D.P.C)遮陽板 sunshade陽臺 balcony伸縮縫 expansion joint沉降縫 settlement joint抗震縫 seismic joint復合夾心板 sandwich board壓型單板 corrugated single steel plate外墻板 cladding panel復合板 composite panel輕質隔斷 light-weight partition牛腿 bracket磚煙囪 brick chimney勒腳(基座) plinth g. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地溝 地坪 grade地面和樓面

11、 ground and floor素土夯實 rammed earth爐渣夯實 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯實 tamped backfill墊層 bedding course, blinding面層 covering, finish結合層 bonding (binding) course找平層 leveling course素水泥漿結合層 neat cement binding course混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor機器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面

12、terrazzo flooring馬賽克地面 mosaic flooring 瓷磚地面 ceramic tile flooring油地氈地面 linoleum flooring預制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring擱柵 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor鋼筋混凝土樓板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面 v

13、inyl flooring水磨石嵌條 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2坡 floor with 2% slope集水溝 gully集水口 gulley排水溝 drainage trench溝蓋板 trench cover活動蓋板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻邊 hole up stand電纜溝 cable trenchh.DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS& IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE) 門、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (鋼)門 wooden (steel) door鑲板門 panelled door夾板門 ply

14、wood door鋁合金門 aluminum alloy door卷簾門 roller shutter door彈簧門 swing door推拉門 sliding door平開門 side-hung door折疊門 folding door旋轉門 revolving door玻璃門 glazed door密閉門 air-Tight door保溫門 thermal insulating door鍍鋅鐵絲網門galvanized steel wire mesh door防火門 fire door(大門上的)小門 wicket門框 door frame門扇 door leaf門洞 door open

15、ing結構開洞 structural opening單扇門 single door雙扇門 double door疏散門 emergency door紗門 screen door門檻 door sill 門過梁 door lintel上冒頭 top rail下冒頭 bottom rail門邊木 stile門樘側料 side jumb槽口 notch木窗 wooden window鋼窗 steel window鋁合金窗 aluminum alloy window百葉窗 (通風為主) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)塑鋼窗 plastic steel

16、 window空腹鋼窗 hollow steel window固定窗 fixed window平開窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window氣窗 transom上懸窗 top-hung window中懸窗 center-pivoted window下懸窗 hopper window活動百葉窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight老虎窗 dormer window密封雙層玻璃 sealed double glazing鋼筋混凝土過梁reinforced concrete lintel鋼筋磚過梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇

17、casement sash窗臺 window sill窗臺板 window board窗中梃 mullion 窗橫木 mutin窗邊木 stile壓縫條 cover mould窗簾盒 curtain box合頁(鉸鏈) hinge (butts)轉軸 pivot長腳鉸鏈 parliament hinge閉門器 door closer地彈簧 floor closer插銷 bolt門鎖 door lock拉手 pull鏈條 chain門鉤 door hanger碰球 ball latch窗鉤 window catch暗插銷 insert bolt電動開關器 electric opener平板玻璃

18、plate glass夾絲玻璃 wire glass透明玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防彈玻璃 bullet-proof glass石英玻璃 quartz glass吸熱玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃 polished glass著色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃磚 glass block有機玻璃 organic glass I. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELEVATOR) 樓梯、休息平臺及電梯樓梯 stair樓梯間 stairc

19、ase疏散梯 emergency stair旋轉梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊車梯 crane ladder直爬梯 vertical ladder踏步 step扇形踏步 winder (wheel step)踏步板 tread檔步板 riser踏步寬度 tread width防滑條 non-slip insert (strips)欄桿 railing (balustrade)平臺欄桿 platform railing吊裝孔欄桿 railing around mounting hole扶手 handrail梯段高度 height of flight防護梯籠 pr

20、otecting cage (safety cage)平臺 landing (platform)操作平臺 operating platform裝卸平臺platform for loading & unloading樓梯平臺 stair landing客梯 passenger lift貨梯 goods lift客/貨兩用梯 goods/passenger lift液壓電梯 hydraulic lift自動扶梯 escalator觀光電梯 observation elevator電梯機房 lift mortar room電梯坑 lift pit電梯井道 lift shaft j. BUILDING

21、 MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料詞匯及短語 Bricks and Tiles 磚和瓦紅磚 red brick粘土磚 clay brick瓷磚 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火磚 fire brick空心磚 hollow brick面磚 facing brick地板磚 flooring tile馬賽克 mosaic陶粒混凝土 ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦 glazed tile脊瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cement s

22、heet Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石 石膏 gypsum大理石 marble漢白玉 white marble花崗巖 granite碎石 crushed stone毛石 rubble蛭石 vermiculite珍珠巖 pearlite水磨石 terrazzo卵石 cobble礫石 gravel粗砂 course sand中砂 medium sand細砂 fine sand Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂漿和混凝土波特蘭水泥(普通硅酸鹽水泥) Portland cement硅酸鹽水泥 silicate cement火山灰水泥 pozzol

23、ana cement白水泥 white cement水泥砂漿 cement mortar石灰砂漿 lime mortar水泥石灰砂漿(混合砂漿) cement-lime mortar保溫砂漿 thermal mortar防水砂漿 water-proof mortar耐酸砂漿 acid-resistant mortar耐堿砂漿 alkaline-resistant mortar瀝青砂漿 bituminous mortar紙筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰縫 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concre

24、te鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete輕質混凝土 lightweight concrete細石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete瀝青混凝土 asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土 foamed concrete爐渣混凝土 cinder concrete Facing And Plastering Materials 飾面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster斬假石 artificial stone刷漿 lime wash可賽銀 casein大白漿 white wash麻刀灰打底 hemp cuts and lime as base噴大白漿兩道

25、sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂漿cement mortar plaster sectioned板條抹灰 lath and plaster Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 瀝青和石棉瀝青卷材 asphalt felt瀝青填料 asphalt filler瀝青膠泥 asphalt grout冷底子油 adhesive bitumen primer瀝青瑪啼脂 asphaltic mastic瀝青麻絲 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉纖維 asbestos fiber Timber 木材 裂縫

26、crack透裂 split環(huán)裂 shake 干縮 shrinkage翹曲 warping原木 log圓木 round timber方木 square timber板材 plank木條 batten板條 lath木板 board紅松 red pine白松 white pine落葉松 deciduous pine云杉 spruce柏木 cypress白楊 white poplar樺木 birch冷杉 fir櫟木 oak榴木 willow榆木 elm杉木 cedar柚木 teak樟木 camphor wood防腐處理的木材preservative-treated lumber膠合板 plywood三

27、(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企口板 tongued and grooved board層夾板 laminated plank膠合層夾木材 glue-laminated lumber纖維板 fiber-board竹子 bamboo Metallic Materials 金屬材料黑色金屬 ferrous metal圓鋼 steelbBar方鋼 square steel扁鋼 steel atrap型鋼 steel section (shape)槽鋼 channel角鋼 angle steel等邊角鋼 equal-leg angle不等邊角鋼 unequal-leg angle工字鋼 I-be

28、am寬翼緣工字鋼 wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字鋼 T-bar (Z-bar)冷彎薄壁型鋼light gauge cold-formed steel shape熱軋 hot-rolled冷軋 cold-rolled冷拉 cold-drawn冷壓 cold-pressed合金鋼 alloy steel鈦合金 titanium alloy不銹鋼 stainless steel竹節(jié)鋼筋 corrugated steel bar變形鋼筋 deformed bar光圓鋼筋 plain round bar鋼板 steel plate薄鋼板 thin steel plate低碳鋼 low

29、carbon steel冷彎 cold bending鋼管 steel pipe (tube)無縫鋼管 seamless steel pipe焊接鋼管 welded steel pipe黑鐵管 iron pipe鍍鋅鋼管 galvanized steel pipe鑄鐵 cast iron生鐵 pig iron熟鐵 wrought iron鍍鋅鐵皮 galvanized steel sheet鍍鋅鐵絲 galvanized steel wire鋼絲網 steel wire mesh多孔金屬網 expanded metal錳鋼 managanese steel高強度合金鋼 high strengt

30、h alloy steel Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金屬金 gold白金 platinum銅 copper黃銅 brass青銅 bronze銀 silver鋁 aluminum鉛 lead Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蝕材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龍 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene 丙烯酸樹酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡膠內襯 rubber lining氯丁橡膠 neoprene瀝青

31、漆 bitumen paint環(huán)氧樹脂漆 epoxy resin paint氧化鋅底漆 zinc oxide primer防銹漆 anti-rust paint耐酸漆 acid-resistant paint耐堿漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 sodium silicate樹脂砂漿 resin-bonded mortar環(huán)氧樹脂 epoxy resin Building Hardware 建筑五金釘子 nails螺紋屋面釘spiral-threaded roofing nail環(huán)紋石膏板釘annular-ring gypsum board nail螺絲 screws平頭

32、螺絲 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt普通螺栓 commercial bolt高強螺栓 high strength bolt預埋螺栓 insert bolt脹錨螺栓 cinch bolt墊片 washer Paint 油漆底漆 primer防銹底漆 rust-inhibitive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint調和漆 mixed paint無光漆 flat paint透明漆 varnish銀粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint干性油 drying oil稀釋劑 thinner焦油 tar瀝青漆 asphalt paint桐油

33、 tung oil, Chinese wood oil紅丹 red lead鉛油 lead oil膩子 putty k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑術語 Discipline 專業(yè)建筑 architecture土木 civil給排水 water supply and drainage總圖 plot plan采暖通風 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)電力供應 electric power supply電氣照明 electric lighting電訊 telecommunication儀表 ins

34、trument熱力供應 heat power supply動力 mechanical power工藝 process technology管道 piping Conventional Terms 一般通用名詞建筑原理 architectonics建筑形式 architectural style民用建筑 civil architecture城市建筑 urban architecture農村建筑 rural architecture農業(yè)建筑 farm building工業(yè)建筑 industrial building重工業(yè)的 heavy industrial輕工業(yè)的 light industrial

35、古代建筑 ancient architecture現(xiàn)代建筑 modern architecture標準化建筑 standardized buildings附屬建筑 auxiliary buildings城市規(guī)劃 city planning廠區(qū)內 within site廠區(qū)外 offsite封閉式 closed type開敞式 open type半開敞式 semi-open type模數制 modular system單位造價 unit cost概算 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor現(xiàn)場 site擴建 extension改建 reco

36、nstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防塵 dust-proof防銹 rust-proof車流量 traffic volume貨流量 freight traffic volume人流量 pedestrian volume透視圖 perspective drawing建筑模型 building model Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明 illumination照度 degree of illumination亮度

37、 brightness日照 sunshine天然采光 natural lighting光強 light intensity側光 side light頂光 top light眩光 glaze方位角 azimuth輻射 radiation對流 convection傳導 conduction遮陽 sun-shade保溫 thermal insulation恒溫 constant temperature恒濕 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof吸音 sound absorption露點 dew point隔汽 vapor-proof Name Of Profe

38、ssional role 職務名稱項目經理 project manager (PM)設計經理 design manager首席建筑師 principal architect總工程師 chief engineer土木工程師 civil engineer工藝工程師 process engineer電氣工程師 electrical engineer機械工程師 mechanical engineer計劃工程師 planning engineer助理工程師 assistant engineer實習生 probationer專家 specialist, expert制圖員 draftsman技術員 tec

39、hnician Drafting 制圖總說明 general specification工程說明 project specification采用標準規(guī)范目錄 list of standards and specification adopted圖紙目錄 list of drawings平面圖 plan局部放大圖 detail with enlarged scale平面示意圖 schematic plan of.平剖面圖 sectional plan of. 留孔平面圖 plan of provision of holes剖面 section縱剖面 longitudinal section橫剖面

40、 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation正立面 front elevation透視圖 perspective drawing側立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation詳圖 detail drawings典型節(jié)點 typical detail節(jié)點號 detail No.首頁 front page圖紙目錄及說明list of contents and description圖例 legend示意圖 diagram草圖 sketch荷載簡圖 load diagram流程示意圖 flow diagram標準圖 standard dra

41、wing布置圖 layout of .地形圖 topographical map土方工程圖 earth-work drawing展開圖 developed drawing模板圖 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表格 tables工程進度表 working schedule技術經濟指標technical and economical index建、構筑物一覽表list of buildings and structures編號 coding序列號 serial No.行和欄 rows and columns備注 remarks等級 g

42、rade直線 straight Line曲線 curves曲折線 zigzag line虛線 dotted line實線 solid line影線 hatching line點劃線 dot and dash line軸線 axis等高線 contour Line中心線 center Line雙曲線 hyperbola拋物線 parabola切線 tangent Line尺寸線 dimension Line園形 round環(huán)形 annular方形 square矩形 rectangle平行四邊形 parallelogram三角形 triangle五角形 pentagon六角形 hexagon八角形

43、 octagon梯形 trapezoid圓圈 circle弓形 sagment扇形 sector球形的 spherical拋物面 paraboloid圓錐形 cone橢圓形 ellipse, oblong面積 area體積 volume容量 capacity重量 weight質量 mass力 force米 meter厘米 centimete毫米 millimeter公頃 hectate牛頓/平方米 Newton/square meter千克/立方米 kilogram/cubic meter英尺 foot英寸 inch磅 pound噸 ton加侖 gallon千磅 kip平均尺寸 average

44、 dimension變尺寸 variable dimension外形尺寸 overall dimension展開尺寸 developed dimension內徑 inside diameter外徑 outside diameter凈重 net weight毛重 gross weight數量 quantity百分比 percentage凈空 clearance凈高 headroom凈距 clear distance凈跨 clear span截面尺寸 sectional dimension開間 bay進深 depth單跨 single span雙跨 double span多跨 multi-span

45、標高 elevation, level絕對標高 absolute elevation 設計標高 designed elevation室外地面標高 ground elevation室內地面標高 floor elevation柱網 column grid坐標 coordinate廠區(qū)占地 site area使用面積 usable area輔助面積 service area通道面積 passage area管架 pipe rack管廊 pipeline gallery架空管線 overhead pipeline排水溝 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit噴泉 fountain地漏 floo

46、r drain消火栓 fire hydrant滅火器 fire extinguisher二氧化碳滅火器carbon dioxide extinguisher鹵代烷滅火器 halon extinguisher2. STRUCTURE 結構專業(yè)a. Load 荷載 拔力 pulling force標準值 standard value殘余應力 residual stress沖擊荷載 impact load, punch load殘余變形 residual deflection承壓 bearing承載能力 bearing capacity承重 bearing, load bearing承重結構 bea

47、ring structure脆性材料 brittle material脆性破壞 brittle failure抵抗力 resisting power, resistance吊車荷載 crane load分布荷載 distributed load風荷載 wind load風速 wind velocity, wind speed風壓 wind pressure風振 wind vibration浮力 buoyance, floatage符號 symbol, mark負彎矩 negative moment, hogging moment附加荷載 additional load附加應力 addition

48、al stress副作用 side effect, by-effect剛度 rigidity剛度比 ratio of rigidity剛度系數 rigidity factor剛接 rigid connection剛性節(jié)點 rigid joint恒載 dead load荷載傳遞 transmission of load固端彎矩 fixed-end moment活荷載 live load積灰荷載 dust load集中荷載 concentrated load加載, 加荷 loading剪力 shear, shearing force剪切破壞 shear failure剪應變 shear strai

49、n剪應力 shear stress簡支 simple support靜定結構 statically determinate structure截面模量 modulus of section, section modulus靜力 static force靜力分析 static analysis局部壓力 local pressure, partial pressure局部壓屈 local bulkling絕對值 absolute value均布荷載 uniformly distributed load抗拔力 pulling resistance抗剪剛度 shear rigidity抗剪強度 she

50、ar strength, shearing strength抗拉強度 tensile strength抗扭 torsion resistance抗扭剛度 torsional rigidity抗彎 bending resistance抗彎剛度 bending rigidity抗壓強度 compressive strength, compression strength可靠性 reliability可靠性設計 reliability design拉力 tensile force拉應力 tensile stress, tension stress拉應變 tensile strain, tension

51、 strain臨界點 critical point臨界荷載 critical load臨界應力 critical stress密度 density離心力 centrifugal force摩擦力 friction force摩擦系數 frictional factor撓度 deflection內力 internal force, inner force扭矩 moment of torsion, torsional moment疲勞強度 fatigue strength偏心荷載 eccentric load, non-central load偏心距 eccentric distance, ecc

52、entricity偏心受拉 eccentric tension偏心受壓 eccentric compression屈服強度 yield strength使用荷載 working load水平力 horizontal force水平推力 horizontal thrust彈塑性變形 elastoplastic deformation彈性 elasticity, resilience, spring塑限 plastic limit彈性變形 elastic deformation塑性變形 plastic deformation彈性模量 modulus of elastic, elastic modu

53、lus體積 volume, bulk, cubature, cubage土壓力 earth pressure, soil pressure彎矩 bending moment, moment彎曲半徑 radius at bent, radius of curve位移 displacement溫度應力 temperature stress溫度作用 temperature action系數 coefficient, factor雪荷載 snow load壓應變 compression strain壓應力 compression stress應力集中 concentration of stress預應

54、力 prestressing force, prestress振動荷載 vibrating load, racking load支座反力 support reaction自重 own weight作用 action, effect作用點 point of application,application jointb. Ground Base and Foundation 地基及基礎 板樁 sheet pile, sheeting pile板樁基礎 sheet pile foundation飽和粘土 saturation clay冰凍線 frost line, freezing level不均勻

55、沉降 unequal settlement, differential settlement殘積土 residual soil沉積物 deposit, sediment沉降 settlement沉降差 difference in settlement沉降縫 settlement joint沉井 sinking well, sunk well沉箱 caisson持力層 bearing stratum沖積 alluviation錘夯 hammer tamping檔土墻 retaining wall, breast wall底板 base slab, base plate, bed plate地板

56、floor board地基 ground base, ground地基承載力 ground bearing capacity地基處理 ground treatment, soil treatment地基穩(wěn)定 base stabilization地梁 ground beam, ground sill地漏 floor drain地下工程 substructure work, understructure work地下室 basement, cellar地下水 ground water地下水位 groundwater level, water table地下水壓力 ground water pres

57、sure地質報告 geologic report墊層 bedding, blinding獨立基礎 isolated foundation, individual foundation端承樁 end-bearing pile筏式基礎 raft foundation粉砂 silt, rock flour粉質粘土 silty clay粉質土 silty soil扶壁式檔土墻 buttressed retaining wall腐蝕 corrosion覆土 earth covering剛性基礎 rigid foundation溝蓋板 trench cover固結 consolidation灌注樁 cas

58、t-in-place pile, cast in site pile護坡 slope protection, revetment護樁 guard pile環(huán)墻 ring wall灰土 lime earth回填 backfill, backfilling回填土 backfill, backfill soil混凝土找平層 concrete screed火山灰水泥 trass cement基槽 foundation trench基礎 foundation, base基礎底板 foundation slab基礎埋深 embedded depth of foundation基礎平面圖 foundatio

59、n plan地基勘探 site exploration, site investigation基坑 foundation pit集水坑 collecting sump階形基礎 stepped foundation結合層 binding course, bonding course井點 well point井點排水 well point unwatering開挖 excavation, cutting勘測 exploration and survey勘測資料 exploration data瀝青 bitumen, asphalt, pitch聯(lián)合基礎 combined foundation卵石

60、cobble, pebble埋置 embedment毛石基礎 rubble foundation錨筋 anchor bar錨樁 anchor pile密實度 compactness, density, denseness摩擦樁 friction pile, floating pile粘土 clay粘質粉土 clay silt碾壓 roller compaction, rolling排水 drainage, dewatering排水溝 drainage ditch排水孔 weep hole, drain hole排水設備 dewatering equipment普通硅酸鹽水泥 ordinary