2019人教版初三英語下冊Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected詞句精講精練

1、Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected詞句精講精練【詞匯精講】by the end ofby the end of意為“到末為止”，其后只能接時間，可用于將來時或過去完成時。例如： We re going to finish it by the end of this week.到本周末，我們將完成這項工作。【拓展】at the end of意為“在末端，在盡頭”，可以表示時間，也可以表示地點(diǎn)。例如:at the end of January 在一月底 （表示時間）at the end of the street在街道末端（表示地點(diǎn)）in the end意

2、為“最后，終于“，相當(dāng)于at last, finally ,其后不能接of短語。例如： Our team beat theirs in the end. 最后，我們隊?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們隊。disappeardisappear 是動詞，意為“消失，消散”。其反義詞是appear, 意為“出現(xiàn)”。例如：Don t diasppear again. 不要再突然消失了。Some animals are disappearing because of hunting.一些動物因濫捕而瀕臨滅絕。A woman appeared at the end of the street.一位婦女出現(xiàn)在街道的盡頭。go of

3、fgo off 意為“發(fā)出響聲”。例如：My alarm clock didn t go我再勺鬧鐘沒有響。The alarm went off. 警鈴驟然響起。【拓展】（ 1 ） go off 還有“離開，出發(fā)”等意。例如： 離開，出發(fā)等意。例如：Do go off the main road, or you ll be lost.不要離開大路，否則會迷路的。（ 2 ） go off 還表示“變質(zhì)”。例如：This milk has gone off. 牛奶變壞了。take offtake off 意為“起飛” 。例如：When will the plane take off? 飛機(jī)什么時候起

4、飛？【拓展】take off 還可作“脫下”講，反義詞組為 put on ，意為“穿上” 。例如：Put on your clothes. Don t take them off. 把衣服穿上，別脫下。（2） 常見的含有take 的詞組：take turns 輪流take over 接手，接管take care of 照顧take away 拿走 take notes 做筆記 take photos 照相 take out 拿出，取出take care 當(dāng)心，注意take it easy 別緊張oversleepoverslept。例如:oversleep 意為 “睡過頭” ，它的過去式和過去

5、分詞都是I overslept and missed the school bus. 我睡過了頭，沒趕上學(xué)校班車。【拓展】某些詞前綴over ，表示“超過, 優(yōu)越 , 過度等”。overage 過老的overtime 超出時間的overwork 過度工作overdo 做得過分I think the work is overdone. 我覺得這工作做過頭了。She overdressed herself today. 她今天打扮過頭了。leaveleave作動詞，意為“離開（某處），常與for連用，后接要去的地方。leave的過去式和過去分詞都是left。例如：He is leaving for

6、 Beijing next week. 他下周打算離開去北京。Mr. Smith left the room at two o 史密斯先生兩點(diǎn)離開房間。 clock.【拓展】leave還意為“離開（某人）的身邊；離棄”。例如：Her husband has left her. 她的丈夫把她遺棄了。（ 2 ）動詞短語 leave something at/in 表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“把某物忘在某地”。例如：I left my key at home. 我把鑰匙忘在家里了。Tom left his English book at school, so he didn t do his homewo

7、rk.湯姆把英語書落在學(xué)校了，所以沒有做英語作業(yè)。leave還意為“聽任，使處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如：He left the windows open. 他讓窗子開著?！颈嫖觥縧eave 和 forgetleave和forget兩者都是動詞，都含有“忘記 ”的意思。表示把某物“落在某地方“用 leave,如果無具體地點(diǎn)，則用forget 。例如：He said that he had left his book in the classroom.他說他把書落在教室里了。I never forget her. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了她。show upshow up動詞短語，意為“出席，露面“。例如：Most

8、 of people invited d idn t show u瞰邀請的人大部分還未到。To my surprise, she failed to show up. 令我吃驚的是，她未能出席?！就卣埂縮how的常用短語：1 ） show sb. around 帶某人參觀例如：I ll show you around so that you can meet everyone.我會帶你到各處看看,好讓你和大家見見面。2 ） show off 炫耀 例如：Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls.那些男孩們老向女孩賣弄

9、他們的運(yùn)動技巧。3 ） show sb. sth. 把某物展示給某人看例如：My friend showed me a picture book.我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的圖冊。4 ） on show 陳列，展出 例如：The photographs are on show at the museum until October.照片在博物館展出到十月。keepkeep用作及物動詞，意為保存；保留；保守”。例如：Could you keep these letters for me, please?你能替我保存這些信嗎？I ll keep a seat for you.我給你留個座位。Can y

10、ou keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎？2) keep 用作連系動詞 ,后常接表語形容詞，意為 “保持處于某種狀態(tài)” 。 例如：You must look after yourself and keep healthy.你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。She knew she must keep calm. 她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。( 3 ) keep 的常用句型：keep doing sth. 意為 “繼續(xù)干某事”，表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事，后須接延續(xù)性的動詞。例如：He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the wo

11、rk on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因為他想準(zhǔn)時完成工作。keep on doing sth. 意為 “持續(xù)做某事” 。 例如：The pupil kept on asking me the same question.這個學(xué)生不斷地問我同一個問題。例如：keepfrom doing sth.意為 阻止/防止做某事“。例如：The heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪阻止了我們出去?！驹~匯精練】I. 根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。Set your alarm clock, and you won t o.When I got to school, I

12、 r I had left my backpack at home.U, by the time I got there, the bus had already left.L, my friend Tom and his dad came by in his dad s car and they gave me a ride.Sally ime to her birthday party. It stuartdhaeyr. house on SaIn 1938, a radio program athat aliens from Mars had landed on the earth.Li

13、fe is full of the u.He was going to meet me earlier but he didn t sup when I got there.Jim dand nobody heard of him.I m really eto be laughed in public.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 ( stay) up last night and I am really now. ( exhaust )I (wait) for the bus when she called me.I felt in that joke. ( embarrass )Scient

14、ists have to read theinformation in science books.(late)Do you know that your bike is (break)?Don t (foolish) anyone in your class, because none of them are fools.My mother asked me to go the front door and check if it is (lock).She told me she (be) to Sanya. 選用同義詞填空。1. Ihis address.2. I_ his addres

15、s on the desk yesterday.3. She mustntthe letter on the table.4. He_ telling her about it.(1)用leave或forget的正確形式填空。Would you like to a message for him?(2)用whole或all填空。The teacher said,“ Forty is a number. ”Her homework was finished with the help of the teacher.her homework was finished with the help o

16、f the teacher.He spent the day doing the work.He spent the day doing the work.IV.用方框內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。Heewlazestahownupvose tohendome，break down，by the timeI was waiting for the school bus but it didn t comiwaTheartUrday.He was going to meet me earlier but he didn ，t .I started walking, but I knew I co

17、uld not get to the factory.On my way to work, my car, so I had to ask for a ride.got there, they had finished the work |【參考答案】I.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補(bǔ)全句子。oversleep 2. realized/remembered 3. Unfortunately/Unluckilyannounced 7. unexpected 8. show 9. disappearedII.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4.Luckily 5. invites10. embarrassed.

18、 stayed, exhausted.was waiting 3. embarrassed, embarrassing4. latest 5. broken 6.fool7. locked 8.had beenIII.選用同義詞填空。1. forget 2. left 3. leave6. whole 7. whole 8. All4. forgot/forgets 5. leave9. all 10. whole.用方框內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文。close to 2. realized 3. show up 4.on time 5.broke down 6.By the time 【句式

19、精講】I.Life is full of the unexpected.be full of意為充滿”,相當(dāng)于be filled with 。例如：The glass is full of water.=The glass is filled with water.杯子里裝滿了水。The classroom is full of different boys and girls.教室里擠滿了不同的男孩女孩。And by the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.By the time +過去by the tim

20、e的意思是 到時間為止”，強(qiáng)調(diào)時間的截止，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。的時間，主句一般用過去完成時，表示在從句謂語動作前已經(jīng)完成。例如：By the time I got there, the bus had already left.不晚于我到那里時，公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。（2）當(dāng)時間狀語為by the end of last month/year/week 時，主句也用過去完成時。例如：By the end of last month we had learned 20 English songs.到上一個月我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了20首英語歌曲?！就卣埂浚?1 ）過去完成時的概念：過去完成時表示一個動作或者狀

21、態(tài)在過去某一個時間或者動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，也可以說是 “過去 的過去”。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：had+動詞的過去分詞，had用于各種人稱和數(shù)，即 had沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。（ 2 ）過去完成時的否定和疑問句式：過去完成時的否定句是在had的后面直接加not;過去完成時的一般疑問句是直接把had移到句首。它的肯定回答是：Yes, I had.否定回答是：No, I hadn t.例如：He hadn t finished his homework before I came back.在我回來之前，他沒有完成作業(yè)。 Had you finished your homework by the time

22、your mother came back? 到你媽媽回來的時候，你完成你的家庭作業(yè)了嗎？ Yes， I had. 是的，完成了。What happened to Dave on April Fool s Day?（ 1 ） happen 是不及物動詞，意思是 “發(fā)生 ” ，和動詞短語 take place 是同義詞。它們共同特點(diǎn)是： 都 是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)形式；都是非延續(xù)性動詞，不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。它們的不同點(diǎn)是：happen是表示偶然性的、出乎意料之外的事情發(fā)生；take place表示必然性的發(fā)生或者計劃、策劃好的事情發(fā)生。例如：What happened to you

23、 on the road yesterday?昨天晚上你在路上發(fā)生什么事情？Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.自 1978 年以來中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。happen 構(gòu)成的動詞短語有： happen to somebody 表示 “（ 某事 ）發(fā)生在某人的身上” 。 happen to dosomething = do something by accident表示 偶然做某事”的意思。例如：An accident happened to him after drinking too much.他喝醉酒之后發(fā)生了一場事故。I

24、happened to meet your mother yesterday.昨天我偶然遇見你的媽媽。Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the storysothat1思是 如此以至于”，中間用形容詞或者副詞，so修飾詞形容詞或副詞， 形容詞后一般 沒有名詞，that的后面是表示結(jié)果的狀語從句。而同義短語suchthat的中間有名詞，such修飾此名詞。例如：Our teacher is so kind that all of us like him.我們的老師是如此好心以至于我們都喜歡他。He runs

25、 so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him.他跑得那么快，我們班沒有人能追上他。It is such an interesting film that all of us like it.它是一部如此有興趣的電影以至于我們都喜歡它。He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees.他的胳膊很長，幾乎就能夠到他的膝蓋?！咀⒁狻咳绻~前的形容詞是表示數(shù)量的few、little、many、much仍要用so修飾。例如：There are so many people

26、 in the room that we could not get in.房間里那么多的人，我們都進(jìn)不去?！就卣埂縮o that意思是 以便于、為了 ”，引導(dǎo)表示目的的狀語從句。例如：We got up early this morning so that we can catch the first bus.我們今天早上起床很早是為了能趕上第一班公共汽車。As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heardas是連詞，意為“當(dāng)時候”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個動作同時發(fā)生；或某事發(fā)生的過程中另 一件事發(fā)生；或某事一發(fā)生，另一

27、件事立即發(fā)生。例如：We walked into the garden as the music stopped.音樂聲一停，我們就走進(jìn)了花園。【拓展】as的用法頗多，現(xiàn)將所學(xué)的其他用法歸納如下：as作連詞：“像一樣、如”，常用于比較狀語從句或方式狀語從句。例如：I cant run as fast as I used to.我跑得不如過去那樣快。You must do everything as I do.你必須按照我做的那樣去做每件事。“因為，既然”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。例如：As we are both tired, lets stop to have a rest.既然我們都累了，讓我們

28、停下來休息會吧?！罢?，照方法”，常引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。例如：As we all know, the earth travels around the sun. 眾所周知，地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。as作介詞，意為“好像；作為、當(dāng)作” 。例如：I work in Beijing as a guider 我在 d 匕京當(dāng)導(dǎo)游。【句式精練】I.根據(jù)漢語提示，用過去完成時，完成句子。1.By ten yesterday evening, （她完成了寫作 ）.2.Before you borrowed the book,（ 你曾經(jīng)讀過它嗎 ）?3.She asked if（劉先生已經(jīng)離開 ）.（天已經(jīng)停止下雨

29、 ）when I woke up this morning.By the time I got back to school, （電話已經(jīng)響了）When I got home,（我意識到我把我的鑰匙落在車?yán)锪耍?By the time I got home,（ 她已經(jīng)睡了 ）.By the evening（消息已傳遍全球 ）.II.按要求完成下列句子。The League was founded in Guangzhou in 1922 .（對戈ij線部分提問 ）the League?Kate looked after the baby well yesterday evening .（變?yōu)楸?/p>

30、動語態(tài)）The baby well by Kate yesterday evening .His sister had already read some books before she went to school.（改為否定句 ）His sister books before she went to the school.He has already had breakfast.（改為一般疑問句）he had breakfast?The story was very interesting. I could never forget it.（ 合并為一句 ）The story was i

31、nteresting I could never forget it.She said, I have read the bOOk含賓語從句的復(fù)合句）She said that read the book,She was too excited about the game. She stayed up very late.（合并為一句She was about the game slie stayed up very late.Has she visited the Great wall? I didn（改為含賓誦hOwJ 的復(fù)合句 ）I didn t know she the Great

32、Wall.III.根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。.昨天他讓我搭便車去長城。Hein his car to the Great Wall.不久我意識到自己犯了一個嚴(yán)重的錯誤。I soon that I a serious mistake.這本書是用簡單的英語寫成的，連初學(xué)者都能看懂。The book is writtenthat beginners can understand it.我原以為他年紀(jì)大爬不到山頂，但最后他還是爬上去了。I thought he would be get to the top of the mountain, but he at last.他說他明天準(zhǔn)時來，但他絕對做不到

33、。He says he ll come, but heeVen it.他既不說英語，也不說法語。他說漢語。He speaks English French. He speaks Chinese.當(dāng)我正在找那封信的時候，經(jīng)理走進(jìn)了辦公室。As I the letter, the manager walked into the office.昨天凱特的鬧鐘沒有響。Kate s alarm clock didn t Slerday.紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。New York London have traffic problems.IV.補(bǔ)全對話。根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，將方框內(nèi)符合對話語境的句子抄寫在對話空白處，使對話恢復(fù)完整，選項中有兩項 是多余的。A: Where did you go last weekend?B:1.But you to