2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀七選五常用解題技法二：一序一忌看四點(diǎn)

1、2020屆二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀七選五常用解題技法二：一序一忌看四點(diǎn)上一講我們學(xué)習(xí)了 “二步解題法”，掌握了解答閱讀七選五的關(guān) 鍵是理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)和句間邏輯。在考場(chǎng)上，我們不但要拼解題的準(zhǔn)度， 還要拼解題的速度，所以本講我們給考生介紹一種快捷的解題技法一 一序一忌看四點(diǎn)。一序：先看七、再讀文，快捷準(zhǔn)確有針對(duì)關(guān)于做題順序，是先讀文段，還是先看七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，大多數(shù)人傾向 于先讀文段。但是，筆者還是建議先看七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，再讀短文。先確定 哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常有三個(gè)位置：段首、段中、 段尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征，有時(shí)有的選項(xiàng)本身表述就是錯(cuò) 誤的，可以直接從備選項(xiàng)中清除，以降低難度。一忌：“選一個(gè)、劃

2、一個(gè)，這個(gè)方法不足取解答閱讀七選五題目最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就是容易出現(xiàn)連環(huán)錯(cuò)！ 假如做題 時(shí)，我們選一個(gè)，劃掉一個(gè)，美其名曰：逐步縮小包圍圈。方法雖妙, 但倘若前面我們錯(cuò)選了一處，那么就會(huì)導(dǎo)致多處錯(cuò)選。因此我們做題時(shí)要特別忌諱“選出一個(gè)劃掉一個(gè)，以避免造成 一錯(cuò)再錯(cuò)，產(chǎn)生連環(huán)錯(cuò)誤，特別是那些句子結(jié)構(gòu)相同、句意相近的選 項(xiàng)更是需要我們?nèi)级??？此狞c(diǎn)：體裁、指代、連貫詞，重復(fù)信息有價(jià)值.看文段體裁，用好鮮明特征從近年高考所選材料來(lái)看，其體裁基本是說(shuō)明文和記敘文。 說(shuō)明 文的特征是主題鮮明、層次清晰，語(yǔ)篇特征非常明晰。記敘文則以故 事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)為主線，為了有趣，常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些比較特別的記敘手法， 因而會(huì)增加理

3、解的難度。.看代詞指代，尋根還需溯源英語(yǔ)是一門非常講究簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言，所以在篇章中代詞的運(yùn)用很 多，用于指代上文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人、物或者整個(gè)事件。追根溯源，找 到指代與被替代關(guān)系，會(huì)大大加快我們解題的速度。例（2019 全國(guó)卷 I 節(jié)選）Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead._39_ It gives us

4、a great feeling of peace.B . So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D . Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E . But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?分析空格前介紹了接近大自然、看綠色植物對(duì)病人的康復(fù)有 益，空格后一句說(shuō)“它給我們一種非常好的內(nèi)心平和的感覺(jué)?！保纱?可推斷出空格后it應(yīng)該指置身于大自然的好處，故

5、選 C項(xiàng)“置身于 大自然使我們精神煥發(fā)。”符合語(yǔ)境。3 .看上下連貫，捕捉文段脈絡(luò)起”上下連貫是好的篇章的特點(diǎn)，常?？俊捌鸪修D(zhuǎn)合”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。就是開(kāi)端，或提出主題或吸引讀者關(guān)注主題；“承”就是承接上文加以申述；“轉(zhuǎn)”就是轉(zhuǎn)折，指出問(wèn)題或困難；“合”則是給出解決問(wèn)題 的方法或建議。這些特征在說(shuō)明文和議論文中尤為明顯。例（2019 全國(guó)卷I節(jié)選）Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and getsome fresh air. 36 According to recent stu

6、dies, theanswer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.? E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?分析空格前一句說(shuō)我們都是聽(tīng)著人們說(shuō)的“出去呼吸點(diǎn)兒新 鮮空氣”長(zhǎng)大的，空格后一句說(shuō)答案是肯定的。由此可判斷E項(xiàng)“但 是新鮮空氣真的像你媽媽總說(shuō)的那樣對(duì)你有好處嗎？ ”符合語(yǔ)境。4.看重復(fù)信息，把握內(nèi)在聯(lián)系篇章是相對(duì)完整的一個(gè)語(yǔ)義體，自然而然會(huì)有很多割裂不開(kāi)的內(nèi) 在聯(lián)系。這些聯(lián)系常常靠同義詞、近義詞、反

7、義詞或者借助詞性的變 化來(lái)重復(fù)體現(xiàn)，而這些重復(fù)信息的存在，又為我們提供了良好的解題 契機(jī)。例（2017 全國(guó)卷 II 節(jié)選 interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get workdone._36_ , there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.? B.When you want to avoid interruptions at work分析 本題上文有關(guān)鍵詞“ Interrupti

8、ons ”和“ get work done”,和選項(xiàng) B 中的 “avoid interruptions ”和 at work 屬于 同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)， 再結(jié)合 下文 “there are several ways to handle things 便可迅速判定本題答案為 B。以上介紹了閱讀七選五快捷解題技法，下面結(jié)合實(shí)例看一下“一序一忌看四點(diǎn)”在解題中的具體應(yīng)用。（2019 全國(guó)卷田）In an online class , developing healthypatterns of communication with professors is veryimportant._36_While I

9、 have only listed two of each, thereare obviously many other situations that can arise.Studentsshould be able to extend the logic（邏輯）of each to their particular circumstance.Dos37 Questions about subject content are generallywelcomed.Before asking questions about the course design,read the syllabus

10、（教學(xué) 大綱）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion forums （ 論壇），blogs and other open - ended forums for dialogue._38 Besure to stay ontopic and not offer irrelevant information.Make a point, and make it safe for others to do t

11、he same.DontsDont share personal information or stories.Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor._39_ Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40一 When a stude

12、nt attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student.If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.A. Thats what they are for.B . Turn to an online instru

13、ctor for help.C. If more information is needed, they will ask.D . Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E . Below are some common dos and donts for online learners.F . Everyone has taken a not -so-great class at one time or another.G . Ask questions, but make sure they are good, though

14、tful questions.方法運(yùn)用“一序”：讀選項(xiàng)：七個(gè)選項(xiàng)的排列從最短句到最長(zhǎng)句，呈梯形 排列；B、D、F三項(xiàng)涵蓋性強(qiáng)，具有主旨句的特點(diǎn)，故可優(yōu)先考慮 放到段首位置。讀文章：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了在選修網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程時(shí)如何與授 課老師建立健康有益的互動(dòng)交流。這篇文章視角獨(dú)特，倡導(dǎo)積極和諧的人際關(guān)系和人文情懷?！耙患伞保罕疚牡碾y點(diǎn)在于選項(xiàng)中同一句式（祈使句）比較多，總共 有三個(gè)，對(duì)于這類相同句式的出現(xiàn)，切忌“選一個(gè)、劃掉一個(gè) ，這 樣極易造成“連環(huán)錯(cuò)”。“看四點(diǎn)”：答案解析過(guò)程。.選E 空格前說(shuō)，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與授課老師建立健康的 溝通模式是非常重要的，空格后說(shuō)，雖然“我”每個(gè)只列出了兩條,

15、但顯然還有許多其他情況可能發(fā)生。下面的段落緊接著介紹了溝通的 注意事項(xiàng)一一兩“做”和兩“不做”，因此E項(xiàng)“下面是在線學(xué)習(xí)者 應(yīng)該做和不應(yīng)該做的一些常見(jiàn)事情?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。.選G 空格后說(shuō)，與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問(wèn)題通常會(huì)受歡迎。在詢問(wèn)有關(guān)課程設(shè)計(jì)的問(wèn)題之前，閱讀教學(xué)大綱和學(xué)習(xí)管理系統(tǒng)信 息，以確保答案不會(huì)隱藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表達(dá)要提出 好的有水平的問(wèn)題，故選 G項(xiàng)“問(wèn)問(wèn)題，但要確保這些問(wèn)題是好的、 深思熟慮的問(wèn)題。.選A 空格前說(shuō)，參加論壇、博客和其他開(kāi)放式論壇來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)話，空格后為參加論壇等的一些注意事項(xiàng)，A項(xiàng)“那就是它們的作用?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。.選C 空格前交代，如果你需要延長(zhǎng)最后期限，只需

16、向授 課老師解釋一下情況，故C項(xiàng)“如果需要更多的信息，他們會(huì)詢問(wèn)J 符合語(yǔ)境。.選F空格前說(shuō)，不要公開(kāi)表達(dá)對(duì)授課老師或課程的不滿， 空格后提及，如果授課老師的專業(yè)水平或能力確實(shí)令人擔(dān)憂，一定要使用在線課程評(píng)價(jià)來(lái)冷靜地發(fā)表你的意見(jiàn)， 因此F項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都曾經(jīng) 有過(guò)不太好的上課經(jīng)歷?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。課堂應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)運(yùn)用“一序一忌看四點(diǎn)”解答下題（2017 全國(guó)卷 I ）If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily

17、.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites,川-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me._36The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer._37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance

18、 to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun - filled holiday in the wilderness._38_Instead, we

19、had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature - loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life._39 We have done a lot of it since.Recently, we bought a twenty -eight -foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built -in TV set.There is a separ

20、ate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains._40_ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.A. This time there was no tent.B . Things are going to be improved.C

21、. The trip they took me on was a rough one.D . I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.E . I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G . There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.方法運(yùn)用“一序”：讀選項(xiàng)：七個(gè)選項(xiàng)排列從短到長(zhǎng)，呈梯形排列； D項(xiàng)中的“however ” 一詞應(yīng)注意，此選項(xiàng)具有轉(zhuǎn)折作用，有可能用于總 結(jié)前文并引起下文。F項(xiàng)中的“After the trip ”有“承接”作用， 有可能用于引領(lǐng)下文的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。讀文章：本文是一篇記敘文，以主人公“我”的旅行及野營(yíng)為主 線索，講述了 “我”參與野營(yíng)活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷。