零基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)指彈吉他24課tudors and reformation

1、Tudors and ReformationReformationThe time period in which the church was criticized and other similar branches of chrisitianity were createdReasons?The culmination of centuries of Catholic corruption, or a bit of a fluke? The consequence of a European power vacuum, or grand theological debate? A rea

2、sonable quest for a son and heir, or simply a result of Henry VIIIs lustful nature?The Great Schism and weakening of the churchThe Church was seperated into an eastern church and a western churchPower struggles between bishops and cardinalsLed to massive amounts of corruption IndulgencesSelling of i

3、ndulgences and offices of powerChurch became a career for second sonsThese corrupt actions were carried out unabashedInfant CapitalismWealth, urbanisation and educationThe increase of the average persons position in society gave more power to themThey began to openly criticize the churchMartin Luthe

4、r (Germany)Henry the VIIIs questHenry the VIII wanted an heir to the throne, his first wife, Catherine, gave birth to six children but all died save for one girl, MaryHoping for a son, he blamed the lack of one on his wife.He had also fallen for a beautiful woman name Anne BoleynRequest for DivorceI

5、n 1527 he asked Pope Clement VII for a divorce on Scriptural grounds.Rome was surrounded by the Emperor of Spain, Catherines Nephew, so divorce was not grantedAct of SupremacyThe Act of Supremacy (1534) confirmed the break from Rome, declaring Henry to be the Supreme Head of the Church of England.Fo

6、r for years, the wealth and lands of the Catholic Church were taken and sold to those not part of the churchWith the destruction of priceless ecclesiastical treasures it was possibly the greatest act of vandalism in English history but also an act of political geniusQueen Mary ing queen in 1553, she

7、 was a devout catholic, and would have a tough time undoing the twenty years previousMary did her best, reinstating Catholic doctrines and rites, and replacing altars and images, but she handicapped herself by martyring almost 300 ordinary men and women, as well as bigger namesMarys MistakesBurning

8、bodies, Spanish courtiers and Philips awful English all fuelled further Protestant propaganda and confirmed fears of the Catholic menace that had been threatened since 1534. Luckily, Mary dies in 1558After two phantom pregnancies Mary died childless in November 1558: the only heir was Elizabeth, Ann

9、e Boleyns daughter. A moderate Protestant, she inherited a nervous kingdom where Catholicism dominated everywhere but the major cities, the South East and East Anglia. Elizabeths ReignAlthough Elizabeths policies helped further the strenghth of the protestant church, the length of her reign really did the most.She reigned for 45 years, easily enough time to unite the countryWhy does it matter?It established in English minds the image of an island nation, separate and supreme, still resonant today.English policy became increa