氣霧劑基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

1、Basic Knowledge of the Aerosol氣霧劑基本知識(shí)曲維好電話：手機(jī)箱：廣州從化經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)太源路11號(hào)1The definement of Aerosol氣霧劑的定義An Aerosol can be defined as: An integral ready-to-use package incorporating a valve and a product which is dispensed by pre-stored pressure in a controlled manner when the valve is operated氣

2、霧劑可被定義為: 氣霧劑是指將內(nèi)容物和拋射劑一起密封盛裝在裝有閥門的容器內(nèi)，在拋射劑的壓力下按預(yù)定形態(tài)噴出，一次使用的產(chǎn)品。這類產(chǎn)品以噴射的方式使用，噴出物可呈氣態(tài)、液態(tài)或固態(tài)，噴出形狀可為霧狀、泡沫、粉末或膠束。2HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的An aerosol is made up of several basic components: 氣霧劑的主要組成部分 An aerosol can 氣霧罐 The product 內(nèi)容物 The propellant 拋射劑 A valve with dip tube閥門及引液管 An actuator 噴嘴 A

3、 dust cap (not shown) 保護(hù)蓋 3HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的1. Start with an empty aerosol container. This will be made of tinplate or aluminium, or perhaps glass.The capacity of the container will be greater than that which is declared on the pack. 1、首先由空的氣霧罐開始，氣霧罐可以是馬口鐵罐、鋁罐或玻璃罐 標(biāo)稱灌裝量應(yīng)不超過氣霧罐全容積的80%

4、4HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的2. The product, usually in the form of a liquid, is now added. This contains all the active ingredients, except for the propellant. The volume of liquid is very carefully controlled to ensure that it conforms with Weights & Measures legislation. 2、現(xiàn)在開始添加內(nèi)容物，通常情況下為液態(tài)。

5、 包含了除拋射劑之外 的 所有有效成分。料液的體積按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定受到嚴(yán)格控制。 5HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的3. The Aerosol valve is now fitted (crimped) to the can. This is a very critical operation and the crimping machinery has to be carefully set up to ensure that the can / valve seal does not leak. 3、現(xiàn)在將閥門封在罐上，這一工序要求非常嚴(yán)格，封口機(jī)必須調(diào)整正

6、確，以保證罐/閥門密封處不會(huì)泄漏 6HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的The propellant is now injected under pressure, through the valve.The propellant may be in the form of a liquified gas, or a compressed gas.If a liquified gas is used it will exist as both a liquid, and vapour in the aerosol can head space. The volume

7、 of liquid in the can will increase, as shown in this example.If a compressed gas is used, it will usually only be in the head space, above the liquid in the can, and there will be little or no increase in liquid volume.Again, the volume of liquid is very carefully controlled to ensure that it confo

8、rms with Weights & Measures legislation. 現(xiàn)在拋射劑通過閥門裝入罐內(nèi).拋射劑可以是液化氣或壓縮氣體如果是液化氣，液相和氣相會(huì)同時(shí)存在，氣相在罐內(nèi)上部，罐內(nèi)的液相體積會(huì)升高。如果是壓縮氣體，它通常會(huì)在罐內(nèi)的液相上部空間，液相體積會(huì)輕微升高或不升高。液相的體積須嚴(yán)格控制以滿足計(jì)量法的規(guī)定。 7HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的The aerosol is now in a pressurised state due to the addition of the propellant. The cans are now immer

9、sed in a water bath at 50C to check for any leaks. Any cans that leak are rejected. 由于加入了拋射劑，現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)品內(nèi)是有壓力的?，F(xiàn)在將產(chǎn)品放入50的水浴中以檢查是否有泄漏現(xiàn)象，任何泄漏的罐子都將被剔出。 50的水浴也是重要的安全測試方式，確保產(chǎn)品在運(yùn)輸、儲(chǔ)存及使用時(shí)不會(huì)發(fā)生變形或爆破。 8HOW AEROSOLS ARE FILLED氣霧劑是如何灌裝的If a large, or special, actuator is required it is fitted now. Finally the can will

10、 be date / batch coded, and shrink wrapped or boxed as required. 現(xiàn)在將促動(dòng)器（噴嘴/噴頭）裝在閥門上。最后給產(chǎn)品噴上生產(chǎn)日期、批號(hào)、套上收縮膜，裝箱。 9AEROSOL PROPELLANTS氣霧劑拋射劑WHY DO WE NEED A PROPELLANTThe contents of the aerosol are made up of two components:1. The product, in the form of a liquid, emulsion or suspension.2. The propellan

11、t, which can be a liquefied gas, or even a compressed gas.The propellant is the driving force (or, you could say, the engine), behind the aerosol. 為什么需要拋射劑氣霧劑內(nèi)容物主要由兩種組分構(gòu)成:1. 產(chǎn)品本身，以液態(tài)、乳液、懸浮狀存在2. 拋射劑可以是以液化氣或壓縮空氣拋射劑是氣霧劑的驅(qū)動(dòng)力。 10AEROSOL PROPELLANTS氣霧劑拋射劑 Liquefied propellants are gases that exist as liqu

12、ids under pressure. Because the aerosol is under pressure the propellant exists mainly as a liquid, but it will also be in the head space as a gas. As the product is used up as the valve is opened, some of the liquid propellant turns to gas and keeps the head space full of gas. In this way the press

13、ure in the can remains essentially constant and the spray performance is maintained throughout the life of the aerosol. The propellant is an essential element in the formulation. 當(dāng)使用液化氣作為拋射劑時(shí)，拋射劑主要以液態(tài)的形式存在，在罐子的頂部以氣態(tài)的形式存在，當(dāng)產(chǎn)品開始使用閥門打開時(shí)，部分液態(tài)的拋射劑又轉(zhuǎn)換成氣體在罐子的頂部。這樣，罐內(nèi)壓力基本上保持不變。在氣霧劑的整個(gè)使用壽命期間，噴射狀態(tài)基本保持不變。 拋射劑是

14、配方的基本元素。 11AEROSOL PROPELLANTS氣霧劑拋射劑 Compressed gas propellants really only occupy the head space above the liquid in the can. When the aerosol valve is opened the gas pushes the liquid out of the can. The amount of gas in the headspace remains the same but it has more space, and as a result the pre

15、ssure will drop during the life of the can. Spray performance is maintained however by careful choice of the aerosol valve and actuator. 當(dāng)拋射劑為壓縮空氣時(shí)，其主要存在在罐子的頂部，當(dāng)閥門打開時(shí)，氣體將液體推出罐子，在罐子頂部的拋射劑的量基本保持不變，但空間增大了。因此，在氣霧劑的整個(gè)使用壽命期間，罐內(nèi)壓力逐漸降低。要保持噴射狀態(tài)不變需仔細(xì)挑選閥門和噴嘴。 12AEROSOL PROPELLANTS氣霧劑拋射劑 In both of the examples

16、 above, you will see that the can is not full to the top with liquid. This is for safety reasons, as there must always be sufficient space for the propellant gas to occupy, under all likely storage conditions. If all the space in the can was full of liquid, there would be the possible danger of the

17、can bursting. The actual amount of liquid that can be filled into an aerosol can is controlled by legislation, and there has to be a greater head space when using compressed gas propellants - see the section on aerosol cans 在上述兩個(gè)例子中，你會(huì)看到罐內(nèi)并沒有裝滿液體，這是出于安全因素的考慮，因?yàn)楸仨毥o拋射劑氣相留有足夠的空間，如果罐內(nèi)所有空間都被液相占據(jù)，有可能會(huì)引起罐子

18、爆裂的危險(xiǎn)。氣霧劑液相的充裝量是有法律規(guī)定規(guī)定的。當(dāng)使用壓縮氣體作為拋射劑時(shí)氣相需要的空間可能會(huì)更大。 13AEROSOL PROPELLANTS氣霧劑拋射劑Typical PropellantsLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)Di Methyl EtherChlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)Non-soluble compressed Gasses. (e.g. Compressed Air and Nitrogen)Soluble compressed Gasses (e.g. Carbon Dioxide)幾種典型的拋射劑液化石油氣 (LPG)二

19、甲醚（DME）氯氟烴 (CFCs)不溶解性壓縮氣體. (如：壓縮空氣、氮?dú)?可溶解性壓縮氣體 (如 二氧化碳)14AEROSOLS VALVE氣霧劑閥門Valve Cup （閥杯）：主要有鐵杯及鋁杯Outer Gasket （外墊圈）:是閥杯及氣霧罐之間的密封材料.Valve Housing（閥室） :- 裝載閥桿、內(nèi)墊圈、彈簧Valve Stem（閥桿） 按動(dòng)時(shí)可以使內(nèi)容物噴出Inner Gasket （內(nèi)墊圈）:蓋住閥桿上的孔Valve Spring （彈簧）: 通常是不銹鋼.Dip Tube （引液管）: 引導(dǎo)液體進(jìn)入閥門Actuator (not shown)（促動(dòng)器，為表示出來） ：

20、也叫噴嘴、噴頭，安裝在閥桿上。 15AEROSOLS VALVE氣霧劑閥門HOW VALVE WORKSThe valve stem is fitted with a small hole, through which the product flows. Some valves may contain two, or even four holes, depending on the nature of the product to be dispensed. The holes are very small, with diameters as low as 0.30mm, and as

21、high as 1.00mm. In the closed position the hole(s) is covered by the inner gasket.When the actuator is depressed it pushes the valve stem through the inner gasket, and the hole(s) is uncovered, allowing liquid to pass through the valve and into the actuator.CLOSEDWORKS16AEROSOLS VALVE氣霧劑閥門閥門是如何工作的閥桿

22、上有14個(gè)小孔，根據(jù)噴射量的不同，孔數(shù)不同 孔徑非常小，從0.3mm1.0mm 在不工作時(shí)，這些孔被內(nèi)墊圈堵住當(dāng)按下噴嘴時(shí)，閥桿穿過內(nèi)墊圈，這些小孔未被堵上，這樣液體通過閥桿進(jìn)入噴嘴。非工作狀態(tài)工作狀態(tài)17AEROSOLS CANS氣霧罐Metal aerosol cans are usually made from tinplated steel, or aluminumsTinplate aerosol cans are mostly made up of three components - a top containing the valve opening, a body and a

23、 bottom. Some two piece cans are also now available. Aluminum cans are usually made from single piece of aluminums metal.The tinplate used to make aerosol cans is coated with tin applied by electrodeposition. The thickness of the tinplate sheet used to make aerosol cans will vary, depending on the s

24、ize of the can, the pressure specification, and whether it is for can bodies or end components. For can bodies the thickness will range from 0.18mm to 0.25mm, and for tops / bottoms they will be 0.28mm to 0.43mm.金屬氣霧罐通常由馬口鐵或鋁制造而成馬口鐵氣霧劑罐大多數(shù)是三片罐：頂蓋（有開口）、罐身及底蓋；鋁罐是單片罐制造氣霧罐的馬口鐵鍍有一層錫，馬口鐵的厚度根據(jù)罐子大小、耐壓規(guī)格、用于罐身或罐底的不同而不同。對(duì)于罐身，其厚度從0.18mm 0.25mm；對(duì)于罐底其厚度從0.28mm 0.43mm；18AEROSOLS CANS氣霧罐The amount of tin will vary, rangin