人體寄生蟲學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯

1、 10/10 人體寄生蟲學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯2006年9月整理總論human parasitology 人體寄生蟲學(xué)medical parasitology 醫(yī)學(xué)寄生蟲學(xué)disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) 傷殘調(diào)整生命年disease burden 疾病負(fù)擔(dān)food-borne parasitosis 食物源性寄生蟲病emerging parasitic diseases 新現(xiàn)寄生蟲病symbiosis共生commensalisms 共棲free-living 自生生活的mutualism 互利共生parasitism 寄生parasite 寄生蟲host

2、宿主protozoa 原蟲medical protozoology 醫(yī)學(xué)原蟲學(xué)helminth 蠕蟲medical helminthology 醫(yī)學(xué)蠕蟲學(xué)medical entomology 醫(yī)學(xué)昆蟲學(xué)life cycle 生活史opportunistic parasite 機(jī)會(huì)致病寄生蟲obligatory parasite 專性寄生蟲facultative parasite 兼性寄生蟲endoparasite 體內(nèi)寄生蟲ectoparasite 體外寄生蟲temporary parasite 暫時(shí)性寄生蟲 definitive host 終宿主 intermediate host 中間宿主

3、 reservoir host 保蟲宿主 paratenic host/ transport host 轉(zhuǎn)續(xù)宿主nonsterilizing immunity 非消除性免疫sterilizing immunity 消除性免疫premunition 帶蟲免疫concomitant immunity 伴隨免疫immunocompromised host 免疫受累宿主immune evasion 免疫逃避infective stage 感染期parasitic infection 寄生蟲感染carrier 帶蟲者suppressive infection 隱性感染polyparasitism 多寄生

4、現(xiàn)象larva migrans 幼蟲移行癥visceral larva migrans 內(nèi)臟幼蟲移行癥cutaneous larva migrans 皮膚幼蟲移行癥ectopic parasitism 異位寄生parasitic zoonoses 人獸共患寄生蟲病蠕 蟲線 蟲 worm 蠕蟲 protocoele 原體腔 pseudocoelom 假體腔 polymyarian type 多肌型 meromyarian type 少肌型 holomyarian type 細(xì)肌型 buccal capsule 口囊 vas deferens 輸精管 cloaca 泄殖腔 seminal vesi

5、cle 儲精囊 ejaculatory duct 射精管 copulatory spicule 交合刺 copulatory bursa 交合傘 seminal receptacle 受精囊acetylcholinesterase乙酰膽堿酯酶 molt 蛻皮Ascaris lumbricoides似蚓蛔線蟲（蛔蟲） round worm 蛔蟲 ascariasis 蛔蟲病 adult worm 成蟲 chitinous layer幾丁質(zhì)層 ascarosidal layer 蛔甙層 albuminoid layer 蛋白質(zhì)層 oviposition 產(chǎn)卵 hatch 孵化 fertilized

6、 egg 受精卵 unfertilized egg 未受精蟲卵 direct fecal smear 糞便直接涂片Trichuris trichiura毛首鞭形線蟲（鞭蟲） whip worm 鞭蟲 trichuriasis 鞭蟲病Enterobius vermicularis蠕形住腸線蟲（蟯蟲） pinworm 蟯蟲 enterobiasis 蟯蟲病 enuresis 遺尿癥 cellophane-tape impression 透明膠紙粘貼法Ancylostoma duodenale十二指腸鉤口線蟲（十二指腸鉤蟲） Necator americanus美洲板口線蟲（美洲鉤蟲） hookwo

7、rm 鉤蟲 hookworm infection 鉤蟲感染 hookworm disease 鉤蟲病 buccal cavity 口囊 cutting plate 切板 dorsal ray 背輻肋 caudal spine 尾刺 esophageal spear 咽管矛 filariform larva 絲狀蚴 rhabditiform larva 桿狀蚴 negative geotropism 向上性thermotaxis 向溫性ground itch 地癢疹，糞毒 anemia 貧血 allotriophagy 異嗜癥 eosinophilia 嗜酸性細(xì)胞增多癥anticoagulant

8、s 抗凝素Trichinella spiralis旋毛形線蟲（旋毛蟲）trichinelliasis 旋毛蟲病stichocyte 桿細(xì)胞filaria 絲蟲lymphatic filariasis 淋巴絲蟲病Wuchereria bancrofti班氏吳策線蟲（班氏絲蟲）Brugia malayi馬來布魯線蟲（馬來絲蟲）microfilaria 微絲蚴sausage-shape larvae 臘腸期蚴sheath 鞘膜cephalic space 頭間隙excretory pore 分泌孔body nuclei 體核excretory cell 分泌細(xì)胞terminal nuclei 尾核l

9、ymphadenitis 淋巴結(jié)炎lymphangitis 淋巴管炎funiculitis 精索炎o(hù)rchitis 睪丸炎epididymitis 副睪炎fibrosis 纖維化nocturnal periodicity 夜現(xiàn)周期性elephantiasis 象皮腫hydrocele testis 睪丸鞘膜積液chyluria 乳糜尿Onchocerca volvulus旋盤尾線蟲（盤尾絲蟲）Loa loa 羅阿羅阿線蟲（羅阿絲蟲）thick blood film 厚血片furapyrimidone 呋喃嘧酮river blindness 河盲癥loiasis 羅阿絲蟲kalabar swel

10、ling 卡拉巴絲蟲性腫塊 吸 蟲Class Trematoda 吸蟲綱hermaphroditism 雌雄同體vas efferens 輸出管vas deferens 輸精管seminal vesicle 儲精囊cirrus organ 陰莖sucker 吸盤oral sucker 口吸盤ventral sucker 腹吸盤acetabulum 腹吸盤vitelline gland 卵黃腺M(fèi)ehlis gland梅氏腺ootype卵模Laurers canal 勞氏管seminal receptacle 受精囊excretory bladder 排泄囊excretory pore 排泄孔o(hù)p

11、erculum 卵蓋snail 螺vitellaria 卵黃腺vitelline duct 卵黃管genital atrium 生殖腔collecting tube 集合管tegument 皮層 pharynx 咽flame cell 焰細(xì)胞genital sinus 生殖竇miracidium 毛蚴sporocyst 胞蚴redia 雷蚴cercaria 尾蚴metacercaria 囊蚴encyst 成囊excyst 脫囊adolescaria童蟲adolescent worm 童蟲Clonorchis sinensis華支睪吸蟲（肝吸蟲）liver fluke 肝吸蟲 clonorchi

12、asis 華支睪吸蟲?。ǜ挝x病）cirrhosis 肝硬化cholangitis 膽管炎cholelithiasis 膽石癥Fasciolopsis buski布氏姜片蟲（姜片蟲）fasciolopsiasis 姜片蟲?。ńx病）planorbiid snail 扁卷螺red caltrop 紅菱water chestnut 荸薺water bamboo 茭白Paragonimus westermani衛(wèi)氏并殖吸蟲（肺吸蟲）paragonimiasis 并殖吸蟲病、肺吸蟲病Pagumogonius skrjabini 斯氏貍殖吸蟲crayfish 喇蛄stage of abscess 膿腫

13、期stage of fibrous cyst 囊腫期stage of fibroscar 纖維疤痕期Charcot-Leyden crystal 夏科雷登氏結(jié)晶bronchitis 支氣管炎bronchiectasis 支氣管擴(kuò)張hemoptysis 咯血biopsy 活組織檢查Schistosoma japonicum日本血吸蟲schistosomiasis japonica 日本血吸蟲病Schistosoma haematobium埃及血吸蟲Schistosoma mansoni 曼氏血吸蟲gynecophoral canal 抱雌溝 spine 棘dioecious 雌雄異體的copul

14、ation 交配mother sporocyst 母胞蚴daughter sporocyst 子胞蚴schistosomula 童蟲soluble eggs antigen 可溶性蟲卵抗原eosinophilic abscess 嗜酸性膿腫ulceration 潰瘍hematuia 血尿penetration gland 穿刺腺infiltration 浸潤granuloma 肉芽腫fibrosis 纖維化portal hypertension 門靜脈高壓splenomegaly 脾腫大ascites 腹水caput medusae 臍周靜脈曲張esophageal varices 食道靜脈曲

15、張concomitant immunity 伴隨免疫sedimentation hatching method 沉淀孵化法circumoval precipitin test 環(huán)卵沉淀試驗(yàn)Oncomelania hupensis 湖北釘螺amphibious 兩棲的絳蟲cestode 絳蟲tapeworm 帶蟲Class Cestoda 絳蟲綱scolex 頭節(jié)neck 頸部strobilus 鏈體proglottid 節(jié)片gravid proglottid 孕節(jié)uterine branches 子宮側(cè)支Cyclophyllidea 原葉目Pesudophyllidea 假葉目rostellu

16、m 頂突bothrium oncosphere 六鉤蚴hexacanth larva六鉤蚴embryophore 胚膜coracidium 鉤球蚴procercoid 原尾蚴plerocercoid, sparganum 裂頭蚴Taenia solium豬肉絳蟲Cysticercus cellulosae 豬囊尾蚴bladder worm 囊蟲cysticercosis 囊蟲病Taenia saginata牛肉絳蟲Cysticercus bovis 牛囊尾蚴Echinococcus granulosus細(xì)粒棘球絳蟲echinococcosis 棘球蚴?。òx?。﹉ydatid cyst 棘球蚴

17、hydatid disease 棘球蚴?。òx?。ヽarnivore 食肉動(dòng)物herbivore 食草動(dòng)物germinal layer 生發(fā)層brood capsule 育囊daughter cyst 子囊protoscolex 原頭節(jié)hydatid sand 棘球砂Spirometra mansoni曼氏迭宮絳蟲sparganosis mansoni 曼氏裂頭蚴病sparaganum 裂頭蚴sparganosis 裂頭蚴病sucking groove 吸槽Cyclops劍水蚤procercoid 原尾蚴plerocercoid 裂頭蚴Hymenolepis nana短膜殼絳蟲cysticer

18、coid 似囊尾蚴原蟲protozoa 原蟲pseudopodium 偽足flagellum 鞭毛flagellate 鞭毛蟲cilium 纖毛ciliate 纖毛蟲undulating membrane 波動(dòng)膜ectoplasm 外質(zhì)endoplasm 內(nèi)質(zhì)lysosome 溶酶體kinetoplast 動(dòng)基體kinetosome 基體axostyle 軸柱trophozoite 滋養(yǎng)體cyst 包囊vesicular nucleus 泡狀核compact nucleus 實(shí)質(zhì)核cytosome 胞口cytopharynx 胞咽cytopyge 胞肛contractile vacuole 伸

19、縮泡food vacuole 食物泡glycogen vacuole 糖原泡chromatoid body 擬染色體pinocytosis 胞飲phagecytosis 吞噬asexual reproduction 無性生殖binary 二分裂multiple fission 多分裂schizogony 裂體生殖exogenous budding 外出芽endogenous budding 內(nèi)出芽sporogony 孢子生殖sexual reprooduction 有性生殖conjugation 接合生殖gametogony 配子生殖female gamete 雌配子male gamete 雄

20、配子alternation of generations 世代交替Entamoeba histolytica溶組織內(nèi)阿米巴Entamoeba dispar迪斯帕內(nèi)阿米巴amoebiasis 阿米巴病amoebic colitis 阿米巴結(jié)腸炎intestinal amoebiasis 腸阿米巴病extraintestinal abscess 腸外阿米巴病amoebic liver abscess 阿米巴肝膿腫cast carrier / cyst passenger 包囊攜帶者Gal/GalNAc inhibitable lectin 半乳糖/乙酰氨基半乳糖可抑制性凝集素amoeba pore

21、 阿米巴穿孔素cysteine proteinases 半胱氨酸蛋白酶amoeboma阿米巴腫odine-stain smear 碘液染色涂片primary amoebic meningoencephalitis 原發(fā)性阿米巴性腦膜炎(PAM)granulomatous amoebic encephalitis肉芽腫性阿米巴性腦膜炎(GAE)Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) 棘阿米巴角膜炎Lesishmania donovani杜氏利什曼原蟲leishmaniasis 利什曼病Kala-azar 黑熱病visceral leishmaniasis 內(nèi)臟利什曼病cutane

22、ous leishmaniasis 皮膚利什曼病mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 皮膚粘膜利什曼病amastigote 無鞭毛體promastigote 前鞭毛體rhizoplast 根絲體，鞭毛根sandfly 白蛉hepatomegaly 肝腫大NNN medium 三N培養(yǎng)基Trypanosoma gambiense岡比亞錐蟲Trypanosoma rhodesiense羅得西亞錐蟲Trypanosoma cruzi 枯氏錐蟲Chagas disease 恰加斯病Giardia lamblia 藍(lán)氏賈第鞭毛蟲giardiasis 賈第蟲病duodenal aspir

23、ation 十二指腸引流Trichomonas vaginalis陰道毛滴蟲vaginitis 陰道炎u(yù)rethritis 尿道炎chromatic basal rod 基染色桿parabasal fibril 副基纖維plasmodium 瘧原蟲malaria 瘧疾Plasmodium vivax (P.v) 間日瘧原蟲Plasmodium falciparum (P.f ) 惡性瘧原蟲Plasmodium malariae (P.m) 三日瘧原蟲Plasmodium ovale (P.o) 卵形瘧原蟲merozoite 裂殖子sporozoite 子孢子hypnozoite 休眠子oocy

24、st 卵囊exoerythrocytic stage (EE) 紅細(xì)胞外期erythrocytic stage 紅細(xì)胞期preerythrocytic stage 紅細(xì)胞前期ring-form 環(huán)形體amoeboid form 阿米巴型schizont 裂殖體macrogametocyte 雌配子體macrogamete 雌配子microgametocyte 雄配子體microgamete 雄配子exflagellation 出絲malarial pigment 瘧色素Schuffners dot 薛氏點(diǎn)Ziemanns dot 奇氏點(diǎn)Maurers dot 茂氏點(diǎn)tertian malari

25、a 間日瘧quartan malaria 三日瘧malignant malaria 惡性瘧zygote 合子ookinete 動(dòng)合子incubation period 潛伏期paroxysm 發(fā)作recrudescence 再燃relapse 復(fù)發(fā)parasitemia 原蟲血癥mortality 死亡率morbidity 發(fā)病率chemoprophylaxis 化學(xué)預(yù)防antimalarial 抗瘧的pernicious malaria 惡性瘧cerebral malaria 腦型瘧hyperpyrexia 高熱algid malaria 厥冷型瘧primary attack 初發(fā)tachy

26、sporozoite 速發(fā)型子孢子bradysporozoite 遲發(fā)型子孢子hyperplasia 增生tropical splenomegaly syndrome 熱帶巨脾綜合癥thrombocytopenia 血小板減少nephritis 腎炎premunition 帶蟲免疫immune evasion 免疫逃避Toxoplasma gondii剛地弓形蟲toxoplasmosis 弓形蟲病opportunistic protozoan 機(jī)會(huì)致病原蟲tachyzoite 速殖子bradyzoite 緩殖子Cryptosporidium隱孢子蟲Pneumocystis carinii卡氏肺

27、孢子蟲醫(yī)學(xué)節(jié)肢動(dòng)物medical arthropod 醫(yī)學(xué)節(jié)肢動(dòng)物medical arthropodology 醫(yī)學(xué)節(jié)肢動(dòng)物學(xué)insect 昆蟲entomology 昆蟲學(xué)chitinize 幾丁質(zhì)化haemocoele 血體腔hemolymgh 血淋巴ecdysis / molt 蛻皮metamorphosis 變態(tài)complete metamorphosis 完全變態(tài)in complete metamorphosis 不完全變態(tài)mechanical transmission 機(jī)械性傳播biological transmission 生物性傳播arbo-disease 蟲媒病mosquito

28、 蚊antenna 觸角compound eye 復(fù)眼ocellus 單眼mouthparts 口器prothorax 前胸mesothorax 中胸metathorax 后胸haltere 平衡棒eclosion 孵化pupa 蛹pupation 化蛹emergence 羽化cocoon 繭proboscis 喙piercing and sucking 刺吸lapping 舐palp 觸須maxillary palp 下顎須wiggler 孑孓gonotrophic cycle 生殖營養(yǎng)周期hibernation 越冬yellow fever 黃熱病dengue fever登革熱dengue haemorrhagic f