2019-2020高中英語(yǔ)閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練(含解析)牛津譯林版必修5

1、- - - -閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（一）（建議用時(shí)：15分鐘）I閱讀理解A British scientist whose schoolmasters told him he was too stupid to study the subject has been awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology for his pioneering work on cloning.At the age of 15, Sir John Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at biology, an

2、d was in the bottom set in every other science subject.His master , Mr.Gaddum, was in fact a museum curator（ 解說(shuō)員）by profession who had been hired to teach the lowest-achieving pupils and was not in fact a particularly effective teacher.Though he had heard Gurdon was interested in doing science, he t

3、hought this was a completely ridiculous idea because there was no hope whatever of Gurdon doing science.After receiving the report, Sir John said he switched his attention to classics and was offered a place to study at Christ Church, Oxford, but was allowed to switch courses and read zoology instea

4、d because of a mixup in the admissions office.It was at Oxford as a postgraduate student thathe published his famous researchon genetics and proved for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.He did so by taking a cell from an adult frog s intestine（ 腸 ）,removingits genes

5、and implanting them into an egg cell, which grew into a clone of the adult frog.Differentfrom the previous studies by much more senior scientists , his idea wascontroversial（弓I起爭(zhēng)議的）at the time and it was a decade before the then-graduatestudent s work became widely accepted.But it led directly to th

6、e cloning of Dolly the Sheep by Prof Ian Wilmut in 1996.Later on Prof Yamanakafound adult cel ls can be “reprogrammedinto stem cellsfor use in medicine.Sir John professed to be unaware of the cash prize that awaits , but said he would most likely invest it in a fund he has previously set up to suppo

7、rt PhDstudents during their fourth year of study.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】獲得過(guò)諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的英國(guó)科學(xué)家約翰格登的生物課成績(jī)?cè)?jīng)在250名同年齡的男生中排最后一名，在其他科學(xué)類學(xué)科中成績(jī)也都?jí)|底，但是他沒(méi)有放 棄，最后取得了杰出的成績(jī)。1 Which of the following about Sir John Gurdon is TRUE?A He once worked as a good teacher in a primary school.B He and his team cloned the cloning sheep Dolly i

8、n 1996.C He is the first man to prove that every cell in the body contains the same genes.D He and his schoolmasters won the Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology.C 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段It was at Oxford as a postgraduate student thathe published his famous research on genetics and proved for the first time

9、 that every cell in the body contains the same genes.可知選項(xiàng) C 正確。2 Why did he once give up science subject to study classics?A Because he showed great interest in classics.B Because his schoolmaster told him to do so.C Because it s ridiculous to learn science subject.D Because his teacher gave him a b

10、ad comment.D 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段末以及第三段首句 After receiving the report, Sir John said he switched his attention to classics.可知他老師的不好的評(píng)價(jià)導(dǎo)致了他曾一度放棄了科學(xué)而專修古典文學(xué)，故選擇 D 項(xiàng)。3 What will Sir John Gurdon use the cash prize to do?A To buy some scientific equipment.B To support PhD students to study.C To donate his mone

11、y to the poor.D To award the other famous scientists.B 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段 .but said he would most likely invest it in a fund he has previously set up to support PhD students during their fourth year of study.可知他要把諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)金設(shè)立為基金去幫助那些博士生，因此選項(xiàng)B符合文意。4 What can we infer from the passage?A Never say “ die ” to

12、 yourself.B It s never too late to learn.C Misfortune may be an actual blessing.D Many hands make the work lighter.A解析：推理判斷題。約翰格登曾一度對(duì)科學(xué)研究失去了興趣，也曾一度在生物課成 績(jī)和其他科學(xué)類學(xué)科中成績(jī)倒數(shù)，但是最終獲得了諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，由此可推斷出任何時(shí)候都不要對(duì)自己?jiǎn)适判?，故選擇 A 項(xiàng)。n七選五butStriking up a conversation with a stranger is fun and interesting,risky.1.If y

13、ou makethe effort despite your fears about talking to strangers,you might accidentally have the time of your life.Here are some ways to manage your anxiety while you are talking to strangers.Practice until talking to strangers is second nature.Talking to strangers is like any other skill ： the more

14、you do it, the better you get at it.2.You wont even have to think about how to manage conversations with strangers.If you find talking to strangers overwhelming, take it slow at the beginning.You might begin by promising yourself that you ll talk to two strangers in a week.Add one person each week.A

15、ttend social events by yourself.3.Without any friends to hide behind,you ll be more likely to put yourself out there.If you don t talk to anyone thefirst couple times, that s fine ！ You still went out and were among strangers, which you had never done before!Fake（ 佯裝 ） it till you make it.If you go

16、on a job interview or want to talk toan attractive person, you might worry that everyone can see how uncertain you feel.4.Just pretend you re more confident than you actually feel, and theperson you re talking to will see what you want them to see.Remember, the more you practice talking to strangers

17、, the less you ll have to fake your confidence.5 When you start putting yourself out there, you may well get some rudeor unfriendly behavior from someone you approach.If someone rejects your approach, don t take it personally! Try to see failure as exciting it s a chance to learnand improve.A Ask a

18、friend for help.B It might also change your life.C Don t let rejection get you down.D But no one knows how nervous you are but you!E The more you think about it, the more anxious you ll get.F With enough practice, it will feel completely natural to you.G Put yourself in a social situation where you

19、won t know anyone else.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文主要介紹了在與陌生人交談時(shí)如何克服焦慮的幾種方法。 B 解析：根據(jù)后文的 you might accidentally have the time of your life可知，敢于跟陌生人交談，你可能會(huì)有意外收獲，即與陌生人談話或許會(huì)改變你的生活。 F 解析：本段重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明，要練習(xí)與陌生人交談，使之成為你的一項(xiàng)技能，故此項(xiàng)最合適，即你練習(xí)與陌生人交談次數(shù)越多，你會(huì)覺(jué)得與他們談話越自然。 G 解析：本句對(duì)標(biāo)題句的內(nèi)容做解釋，即要把自己置身于一種陌生的社交環(huán)境。后文的 Without any friends to hide behin

20、d也是提示。 D 解析：上一句提到擔(dān)心他人會(huì)看出自己的不安，本句對(duì)上一句提到的內(nèi)容提出相 反的看法，即只有自己才知道自己有多焦慮。 C 解析：本句概述了本段的主要內(nèi)容，即不要被拒絕嚇倒。閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（ 二 ）（ 建議用時(shí)： 25 分鐘 ）I閱讀理解The medicine that I take for my rheumatoid arthritis（風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎） causes me towake up in the middle of the night with a dry mouth.January 15， 2018, was no different.I woke up at 2 ：

21、 30 a m. needing water.I was walking back upstairs from the kitchen when I heard my American bulldog, Rock.Whatever Rock was doing down there, it made enough noise for me to go to him.By the time I made it to the bottom of the stairs, he was running up, and he never came up the stairs, no matter wha

22、t.I think that was his way of telling me,“ We ve gotto go back up. ”When I got to the top of the stairs, I turned around and saw a light on, but I didn t remember leaving one on.I walked downstairs again， and that s when I sawfire.I immediately shouted to my wife to wake up and get our three kids.I

23、then broke the window, got everybody out on the roof and threw a blanket out there so we wouldn t slip off.Then I started screaming for help.But help never came.I mscared of heights and have physical issues, because of myrheumatoid arthritis, but I couldn t let my family burn up.So I jumped off the

24、roof and got the wind knocked out of me when I landed.I found our ladder, placed it against the house, and climbed back up to the roof.I wrapped my arms around my daughter and carried my nine - month- old son with my teeth, by his little sleeper.Then I climbed down the ladder.Once on the ground， I h

25、ad mylittle girl hold her brother.Then I went back up again and got my wife.I tried to get my dog, but I never saw him again.I m not a hero.I mjust an ordinary person who would help anybody.This happened to be the time when I helped my own family.I live to protect my family.Just like Rock he lived t

26、o protect us.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者在一只狗的提醒下，克服了自身疾病拯救家人于一場(chǎng)夜間大火的故事，既贊揚(yáng)了狗對(duì)主人的忠誠(chéng)，也體現(xiàn)了作者對(duì)家庭的責(zé)任和擔(dān) 當(dāng)。1 Why did Rock behave unusually?A To upset the author.B To hope to stay upstairs.C To express his dissatisfaction.D To inform the author of the fire.D 解析：推理判斷題。由下文作者意識(shí)到家中失火可知， Rock 的不同尋常的表現(xiàn)實(shí)際上 是在提醒家中失火了。2 W

27、hen did the author realize a fire had happened?A When he got up to get some water.B When he heard the bulldog barking.C When he caught sight of a light downstairs.D When he walked downstairs a second time.D 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章的第三段I walked downstairs again, and that s whenI saw fire. 可知作者再次下樓時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)家中著火了。3 What

28、 can we infer from the text?A Rock didn t survive the fire.B Nobody would like to help the author s family.C The author wouldn t like to stay with Rock any longer.D The author s wife was so scared that she couldn t say a word.A 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句以及最后一段作者還贊揚(yáng)了狗的忠誠(chéng)可知，大火之后再?zèng)]見(jiàn)到Rock,只能說(shuō)明Rock沒(méi)能從大火中逃生。4 W

29、hat most probably drove the author to save the family in danger?A His responsibility to the family.B His strength to escape from the fire.C His ability to put out the fire.D His confidence to overcome the difficulty.A 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的 but I couldn t let my family burn up ，尤其是最后一段作者對(duì)自己救人行為的評(píng)價(jià)來(lái)看，他說(shuō)自己不是

30、英雄，而是像 Rock 一樣出于對(duì)家 庭的責(zé)任。n完形填空During a recent trip to San Diego, I learned about the importance of chasing your dream life in a planned way.- - -On an early morning _1_on the beach, I walked past a surfer and said, “ Gosh,it s so early to be out here. He replied , “I have to get it in early _2_I have

31、 to be at work by 8.”I asked what he_3_ to do, and he replied,I ve built my whole life aroundbeing able to do the things I love, and surfing is one of my _4_.On weekdays, I wake up at 5 o clock, I m _5_the water by 6 o clock, and then I head home , shower, and leave for work. ”It struck me that he_6

32、_ his life so carefully.He d become aware of what _7_to him and made it happen.My meeting with the surfer _8_ meof an exercise I had completed years before.It aims to help you _9_ your dream life through nine questions.For it to work, you must walk out of _10_and slide（滑）into your future self s _11

33、so that you cansee _12_ how you would like your life to be.When I _13 the exercise in 2007, the vision（設(shè)想）I created was quite _14 from the reality.Don t get me wrong; it s not that I had a（n） _15_life.In fact, I was happy.But I clearly wasn t _16_ I wanted to end upthere was _17 I wanted toaccomplis

34、h.In the years following the exercise, I began making _18_to move toward my dream life.Ninety - five percent of what seemed _19_ a_decade ago is in my life today in some form, or I m close to achieving it. Of course, my life isn t _20 , but it s a lot closer to my version of perfection because I hav

35、e taken the time to craft a vision.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】一次在海灘偶遇，沖浪者對(duì)生活的周密安排讓作者回憶起自己為實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想所做的努力以及這些努力的價(jià)值。A.restingB. workingC. sleepingD. wanderingD解析：根據(jù)下文“我”從沖浪者旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)，可以判斷作者是在海灘徘徊。A.whileB.orC.becauseD.thoughC解析：沖浪者解釋了自己必須早早趕到那兒的原因。A.meantB.demandedC.refusedD.admiredA解析：從下文he replied可以推知作者是在問(wèn)沖浪人的意圖和打算。B. suggestions

36、A.movementsC waysD favoritesD 解析：與前文提到要努力做自己喜歡做的事相照應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)沖浪是自己最喜歡做的事之 A.inB overC onD throughC 解析：在水上沖浪，介詞用 on。A.plannedBlivedCpassedDenjoyedA 解析：由上文可以推知，作者認(rèn)為沖浪者把自己的生活規(guī)劃得很有條理。A.occurredBmatteredCwalkedDheadedB解析：沖浪者認(rèn)識(shí)到生活中什么對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是重要的。與前文他對(duì)生活的細(xì)致安排和后文 made it happen 形成呼應(yīng)。A.toldBinformedCwarnedDremindedD解析

37、：下文是作者回顧以前發(fā)生在自己身上的事，此處應(yīng)理解為沖浪者的事情使作者想起了自己以前所做的事。A.make sure ofBmake use ofCchangeDrememberA解析：根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知，這個(gè)訓(xùn)練的目標(biāo)是幫助你確認(rèn)未來(lái)想要的生活。 A.thoughtBlifeCdreamDrealityD 解析：與下文的 future 形成對(duì)照，此處指要從現(xiàn)實(shí)中走出來(lái)，進(jìn)入到將來(lái)的位置。A.positionBrespectCmindDsuccessA 解析：指作者對(duì)未來(lái)生活的定位。A.immediatelyBexactlyCcarefullyDsimplyB 解析：此處理解為：如果能從現(xiàn)實(shí)中走

38、出來(lái)，進(jìn)入到將來(lái)的位置就能準(zhǔn)確地看到想要看到的生活的樣子。 A.gave upB put offC went throughD suffered fromC 解析：指作者在2007 年通過(guò)了前文提到的那個(gè)訓(xùn)練。B absent A.differentD. freeC. safeA解析：從下文推斷，此處作者所說(shuō)的是自己所創(chuàng)作的（生活）版本與現(xiàn)實(shí)不同。A.busyB. badC. colorfulD. easyB解析：與下文In fact, I was happy.形成對(duì)照，作者在聲明自己并不是過(guò)著一種糟糕的生活。A.whyB. howC. whatD. whereD解析：通過(guò)but形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，

39、雖然作者開(kāi)心，但很明顯作者并沒(méi)有到達(dá)想要停止的 地方。A.somethingB. lessC. nothingD. moreD解析：根據(jù)上文以及下一段作者隨后繼續(xù)追逐向往的生活，可知作者還想獲得更多。A.apologiesB.excusesC. contributionsD.decisionsD解析：作者做出決定朝著夢(mèng)想進(jìn)發(fā)。A.amazingB.impossibleC. shockingD.importantB解析：這里將曾經(jīng)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行對(duì)比，曾經(jīng)覺(jué)得不可能的事情，現(xiàn)在卻實(shí)現(xiàn)了。A.perfectB. ordinaryC. peacefulD. activeA 解析：根據(jù)上文的I m clos

40、e to achieving it 和下文的 but it s a lot closer tomy version of perfection 可知，作者的生活并不完美。閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（三）（建議用時(shí)：25分鐘）I閱讀理解The recent government announcement of an increase in university fees for the coming school year has angered young people planning to go to university. In addition, it has caused some of them

41、 quite understandably to question the value of a university education.In an ideal（ 理想的）world, university education would be free and open to all.However in most western countries, students do contribute to the cost of going to university, and most accept that they should pay something towards the be

42、nefits they receive from a university education. These benefits include the opportunity to get good jobs in the future, and this course leads to higher pay and a more comfortable lifestyle.But is it that simple ？ It s true that university graduates may get better jobs, but this clearly means that th

43、ey will then pay higher taxes（稅） ， which contributeto the economy of the whole country. So, isn t adding further increases to university fees in effect asking students to pay twice？ Many students already have to take outloans（ 貸款 ）to pay for general living costs. This can result in them getting heav

44、ily into debt. A report shows that the average student debt already runs into thousands of pounds. Furthermore, many students have to depend on their parents to pay for their education.On the other hand, the recent increase in university fees has come at the wrong time. It will discourage some stude

45、nts from going to university because they simply cannot afford it. Already many young people are questioning the value of a university education. Everyone seems to have a degree these days, they say, so when they graduate from university, they cannot be sure they will get a well- paid job. Therefore

46、 thedecision to raise university fees will almost certainly affect the student intake, leading to a drop in numbers.The suggested increase in fees is unfair to students. Many are already having problems dealing with debt. There s nothing wrong with asking students to contribute to the costs of a uni

47、versity education， but the suggested increase is too much. Weshould call on the government to reconsider their decision or risk losing a generation of educated young people.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇議論文。政府宣布新學(xué)年大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)增加，這激怒了計(jì)劃去讀 大學(xué)的學(xué)生。 Paragraph 2 is mainly about A education in western countrieswhy university fees h

48、ave increasedC the benefits of a university educationD how to get a good university educationC 解析：段落大意題。由第二段中的 These benefits include the opportunity to get good jobs in the future, and this course leads to higher pay and a more comfortable lifestyle. 可知，該段主要闡述了學(xué)生從大學(xué)教育中得到的益處。 We learn from Paragraph

49、 3 that - # - -A many parents re fuse to pay for students education many students are deeply in debt due to university feesC university graduates contribute the most to the economyD university graduates pay twice as much tax as other peopleB 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的Many students already have to take out loan

50、s( 貸款 ) .the average student debt already runs into thousands of pounds.可知，由于支付大學(xué)費(fèi)用，很多學(xué)生已經(jīng)負(fù)債累累。 What is the author s attitude toward the increase in university fees?A Encouraging.B Unconcerned.C Optimistic.D Unfavorable.D 解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由最后一段中的 unfair 和 the suggested increase is too much 以及最后一句可知，作者反對(duì)增加大學(xué)

51、學(xué)費(fèi)。n語(yǔ)法填空Until about 250 years ago, people did not take dirt as seriously as they donow.1.(clean) often took place in spring. At that time， the furniturewas moved aside, and all the things in the house were cleaned.Carpets were takenoutside and had the dust 2.(beat) out of them.It was an exhausting a

52、nd3.(mess) process.The industrial revolution 4.(bring) about a major change.Newproducts became available to make homes cleaner.This in turn led to the developmentof further products, one of 5.was the vacuum cleaner( 真空吸塵器) It wassaid that when one of the first vacuum cleaners 6.(show), a kind scient

53、istadvised the proud inventor ， “ Make it suck( 吸), not blow. ”The first vacuum cleaners appeared in the 1860s in the United States.Operatedby hand pumps( 泵) ， they were not convenient.It was only when electric motors( 電動(dòng)機(jī) ) became advanced7.vacuum cleaners became common.Most of tod ay smajor8.(bran

54、d) were born in the 1920s.The dirt that vacuum cleaners suck up at home is9.(most) dead skincells.A much smaller part comes from dust and soil carried into the house 10.outside.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了吸塵器的由來(lái)與發(fā)展。 Cleaning 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，故填 Cleaning 。 beaten 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 dust 與 beat 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 have sth.don

55、e 意為“讓 某物被故填 beaten 。- - -messy解析：考查形容詞。修飾名詞需要用形容詞，故填 messy,意為“凌亂的。brought 解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，這里講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用 一般過(guò)去時(shí)。which 解析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞。which指代主句中的products 。was shown 解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，講述過(guò)去，用一般過(guò) 去時(shí)，且show與主語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填 was shown。that 解析：考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。It is/wasthat強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，句意為“當(dāng)電動(dòng)機(jī)變得先進(jìn)時(shí)，吸塵器才流行起來(lái)”。brands 解析：考查

56、名詞。brand為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù) most of結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里用復(fù)數(shù) 形式。mostly 解析：考查副詞。mostly意為大部分”，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)。from 解析：考查介詞。from outside指來(lái)自外面的。m短文改錯(cuò)In my closet, there is a wooden box where is filled with clothes.For years, thesize of the clothes has been using as a weight - loss goal by me. One day, my 13-year-olddaughter begged have a l

57、 ook at it.Excited to save money on my back-to-schoolclothes,I told her to pick a few piece.Shepulled out the old jacket and put it on.It was not suitable for her so it wastoo big.I was just about to comment when she buried with her face in the jacket andbreathe deeply. It smells like you , she said

58、 happy.I no longer care if I ever fitinto those clothes again.答案:In my closet,there is a wooden box were is filled with clothes.Forthat/whichyears,the size of the clothes has beenusingused as a weight-loss goal by me. One day,my 13-year - old daughter beggedAtohave a look at it.Excited to save money

59、my on - herback-to-school clothes, I toldjackether to pick a few pece . She pulled out 幽 oldpiecesanand put it on.It was not suitable for hersoit was too big.I was just about becausebreathedeeply. breathed“Itto comment when she buriedwith her face in the jacket andsmells like you,she saidhappy, .I n

60、olonger care ifhappilyI ever fit intothose clothesagain.閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（四）（建議用時(shí)：25分鐘）I閱讀理解If you ve ever seen old black - and-white photographs from long, long ago, thefaces in those old photos would seem to confirm a sad existence: there s rarely asmile to be found anywhere.Was life back then really that ba